ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929709381005

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1997

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The traditional approach to resource management emphasizes local autonomy in regulatory policy, sustained yield in resource allocation, and management by single resource. While maintaining consistency with this paradigm, a number of states have expanded their regulatory and management responsibility as resource issues and problems have outpaced the capabilities of local government to resolve them. This paper contrasts such state efforts with a new paradigm in resource management—ecosystem management. The requirement of a fundamental change in beliefs, attitudes, and values concerning the interaction of humans with their natural environment distinguishes bioregionalism from other forms of ecosystem management and provides the theoretical basis for managing resources as an interrelated whole. Addressing the specific topics of sustainable economics, empowerment, education, and equity within the context of two case study areas—the Adirondacks and the Sierra Nevada—this paper explains how bioregionalism can help to resolve environmental issues and problems.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929709381006

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1997

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The United States has experienced considerable industrial decentralization to non‐metropolitan areas during the past thirty years. Whereas researchers have extensively documented the social and economic effects of this process, the environmental consequences of manufacturing activities in rural communities have received less attention. This paper utilizes the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) to investigate the extent to which nonmetropolitan counties in the state of Indiana serve as locations for toxic chemical emissions from industrial sources. The results of this analysis suggest that particular rural counties experience elevated emissions of industrially produced toxic chemicals. In addition, when compared with urban‐based manufacturing firms, industrial establishments in the state's nonmetropolitan areas tend to emit more toxic chemicals, both per manufacturing employee and per dollar of manufacturing earnings. If manufacturing employment is considered the compensation that communities receive in exchange for exposure to toxic chemical emissions, the residents of nonmetropolitan areas appear to be compensated at a lower rate than urban residents. However, uncertainty remains regarding the actual human health and environmental risks created by industrial activity in nonmetropolitan counties because of data inadequacies and complexities measuring individual exposure incidences.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929709381007

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1997

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This study empirically analyzes the evolution of national forest values in recent years. Four broad categories of forest values are distinguished: economic/utilitarian, life support, aesthetic, and moral/spiritual. A computerized content analysis procedure was developed to identify expressions of these four forest values related to the national forests. With this procedure, changes in the forest value systems of three groups—forestry professionals, mainstream environmentalists, and the general public—were tracked over time. Forest value systems were found to have shifted over the study period, and significant differences were found between the forest value systems of the three groups. Implications of this study for ecosystem management are discussed.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929709381008

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1997

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This article seeks to describe sustainable development in operational terms for three different modes of production. It provides two theoretical concepts to characterize each society's relationship with nature: societal metabolism and colonization. Metabolism is the mode in which societies organize the exchange of matter and energy with their natural environment. Colonization refers to the strategies employed to transform parts of the natural environment to render them more useful for societal needs. The first section offers an exploration of the sustainability problems within three modes of production and social organization: hunter‐gatherer, agricultural, and industrial societies. Metabolism and colonization are then empirically described in detail for industrial societies. The final section discusses strategies for industrial societies to reduce and transform their metabolism toward more sustainable development.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929709381009

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1997

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This article discusses literature and an empirical study in Michigan related to the possibility that the elderly may be a group within the general population of sport anglers that needs special attention in fish consumption advisories. Levels offish consumption by the elderly (reviewed from literature) were not found to be conclusively determined. There is strong research support for the hypothesis that prescription drug chemicals are retained and biomagnified in the elderly; this finding may be indirect evidence that this is the case for environmental toxins as well. However, further research is needed on both these dimensions. The empirical study reported here found that the elderly are more aware of specific advisory information than younger sport anglers but that behaviorally they do not respond as well as younger groups to advisories that recommend trimming fat. Combined with the possibility for increased toxic chemical retention in the elderly, this finding suggests that intensifying targeted communication of advisories to the elderly may be indicated.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929709381010

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1997

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The existence and persistence of poverty across economic cycles associated with the development of natural resources has long been noted in the literature. Most of the attempts to explain poverty, however, have relied on relatively static models. This case study shows how poverty itself, as well as causal factors, changed during one of the better documented resource developmental cycles and suggests that more than one theoretical orientation may be necessary to assess this complex and fluctuating phenomenon.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929709381011

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1997

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Braidotti, Rosi, Ewa Charkiewicz, Sabine Hausler, and Saskia Wieringa.Women, the Environment and Sustainable Development, Toward a Theoretical Synthesis.London: Zed Books Ltd. 1994. 224 pp. $49.95 (cloth), $19.95 (paper).

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929709381012

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1997

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/08941929709381004

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1997

数据来源: Taylor