摘要:

Risks associated with technologies such as those used in hazardous waste manage ment have the potential to impact a broad array ofcommunity social structures and associated dimensions of social well-being that derive from local conditions and events. This analysis examines survey data collected in a community area closest to several operating hazardous waste management facilities to assess the relationships between various aspects of technological risk and a measure of collective morale in the local community. Results indicate that collective morale is substantially influenced by perceived community stigmatization associated with waste facility siting and operation. Other dimensions of technological risk identified as exerting an influence on collective morale include levels of confidence in waste facility technologies, levels of concern about the potential for environmental contamination, and levels of trust in organizational authorities. Overall, the results suggest that social responses to technological risks such as those associated with waste facility developments can have important ramifications for social well-being.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/089419299279858

出版商:Informa UK Ltd    

年代:1999

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We conducted a case study of the citizen participation processes used by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) when deciding whether to reintroduce moose to New York. We studied how citizens perceived the fairness and quality of the process and identified the criteria on which they based their perceptions. Our work was grounded in research on the social psychology of procedural fairness. Research was conducted in three phases: a document analysis, a series of interviews, and a mail survey of citizens who commented on the issue. Citizens' perceptions of the fairness of the process were related to four criteria: DEC's receptivity to citizen input; the influence citizens had over the decision; the quality of DEC's knowledge and reasoning; and the degree to which relationships improved during the process. Perceptions of the fairness of the process were related to satisfaction with the process, perceptions of fairness ofthe decision, and satisfaction with DEC.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/089419299279867

出版商:Informa UK Ltd    

年代:1999

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Few, if any, literary genres have been as closely tied with political reform as has nature writing. Particularly in the early years of the American environmental movement, nature writers such as John Muir and John Burroughs playedpivotal roles in changing attitudes and policies toward nature. Many contemporary nature writers remain actively involved in the politics of environmental reform, although the place of nature writing in the debate over environmental policy has become less clearly defined as issues and technologies have become more complex. The form of political involvement varies widely from writer to writer, with four different methods discussed in this policy review. The first type has little overt political content, but often has an indirect effect on environmental politics. The second takes a direct approach to influencing policy, specifically addressing the issues at hand. In the third category, which has become increasingly important in an era where environmental policy issues are often extremely complex, the nature writer takes on the role of educator. The final category, which is the most difficult to define and assess, includes those writers and works that advocate what is often seen as a ''radical'' environmental agenda.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/089419299279876

出版商:Informa UK Ltd    

年代:1999

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This article provides new insights on community involvement in natural forest management. The examples used are two woodlands reserves in Tanzania, both of which were visibly not being conserved under government management. In 1994/1995 communities living on the edge of these forests secured the ''return'' of these woodlands to their own control. The article briefly describes the mechanisms they have since used to manage the forests, and their success. The author has acted as the facilitator in these developments. Her argument is that modern strategies of joint forest management that share the use of forests with communities, or that involve communities as partners in the work of management but retain ultimate control, cannot hope to obtainthe level oflocal responsibility neededfor self-reliant, cost-effective, and sustainable conservation management. Rather, it is when authority is vested inthe community, and when the state acts as adviser only, that a meaningful transformationinforest protection and management occurs.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/089419299279885

出版商:Informa UK Ltd    

年代:1999

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In the past, indigenous people have often been entirely excluded from social impact assessments (SIAs) of projects or activities that affect them, or have faced major financial and cultural barriers in participating effectively and in having their perspectives accepted as legitimate. More recently, indigenous groups have achieved greater success in influencing SIA, but a fundamental problem remains. Their enhanced input into SIA has generally not increased the capacity of indigenous people to shape the outcomes of development projects in ways that favor their interests. This problem reflects a wider failure, extensively documented in the literature, to integrate SIA into decision-making. Drawing on case studies from Australia's Cape York Peninsula, this article shows how SIA can be integrated into the negotiation of legally binding agreements between developers and indigenous groups, offering a practical and effective way of ensuring that SIA findings influence the development and operationof resource projects. While the case studies relate to specific regional, political, and cultural contexts, the general approach outlined in the article should be of interest to indigenous communities and SIA practitioners.

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/089419299279894

出版商:Informa UK Ltd    

年代:1999

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/713847283

出版商:Informa UK Ltd    

年代:1999

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0894-1920    

DOI:10.1080/713847284

出版商:Informa UK Ltd    

年代:1999

数据来源: Taylor