摘要:

Abstract:The current trend in expert system building is domain‐specific, i.e. there is one expert system for each problem domain. The increased involvement of computers in the decision‐making process will inevitably lead to increased demand for expert systems. Based on the current approach to expert systems building, there will be a further proliferation of domain‐specific expert systems. This is because each application area produces an expert system tailored to its requirements. This manner of producing expert systems is inadequate and an increased expectation in the performance of expert systems will eventually call for a new approach to constructing them. This paper examines the growth in the use of expert systems, looks into the limitations and problems associated with present‐day domain‐specific expert systems and suggests a multi‐domain expert system architecture as a solution to the problem of increasingly disjointed domain‐specific expert systems resulting from uncontrolled

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00254.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:This paper describes a shell for cooperating expert systems that has been developed at the University of Porto. The main goal of this shell is two‐fold: to generate a community of cooperative knowledge‐based systems and to develop several special reasoning techniques which can be used under a distributed and cooperative paradigm. UPShell is able to convert a set of generated intelligent systems (ISs) into a community of cooperative ISs. In this first version it is already possible to generate different intelligent systems which are able to run ‘simultaneously’ as separate Unix processes and, using a message‐passing mechanism, to communicate among themselves. They can be set to pursue an overall goal in a cooperative way. Moreover, several tasks can be given to each IS to be solved simultaneously, and the IS can switch from task to task according to dynamic priorities reflecting the urgency attached to the specific sub‐tasks that emerge. The shell described here may also be used to test, within a distributed environment, some time‐bounded reasoning techniques that are presently being developed. The paper has three main parts: a general overview of the UPShell (Section 1); a tutorial explaining, by means of examples, how to use the package (Section 2); and, finally, some considerations on the reasoning techniques used and future improvements (

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00255.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:This paper describes the results of a five‐year research program on production systems carried out in Vienna by a large engineering group at the Alcatel‐Elin research laboratory. In the course of our investigations, a real‐time expert system shell, PAMELA, was developed. We describe features of PAMELA and discuss ways in which the matching algorithm can be speeded up. It was found that the single processor version is one of the most efficient forward chainers available worldwide. Since single processor enhancements have been widely explored, we concentrated our efforts on multiple processor architectures to provide further performance gain. Efficient exploitation of parallelism in production systems requires suitable algorithms for load‐balancing, without simultaneously increasing organisational or communication overheads. With this in mind, we developed a transputer‐based architecture which serves as a testbedfor our new parallel matching algorithm. The execution speeds of various expert systems based on PAMELA are

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00256.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Artificial intelligence has emerged from the toy problem world and is being applied to real domains in a more general way, the existence of several large application systems supporting the belief that a generation of smarter and more general systems will be developed. However, a new problem, sometimes referred to as the fusion problem, has been identified, which acts to restrict the development of such systems. This paper explains the nature of the problem, and by examining a proposed expert system in economics (ESE), discussing three approaches to a prototype ESE and the problems associated with them, draws some conclusions with regard to data fusion and expert co‐operatio

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00257.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Instigating the selection of a methodological approach for the development of a knowledge‐based system (KBS) should not be trivialised. This paper sets out to enlighten the reader about the needs and difficulties in comparing methodologies. In doing so, a descriptive framework is presented which allows the depiction of essential features of a methodology. This is intended to simplify the comparative study of KBSs that a knowledge engineer might be involved i

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00258.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00259.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ProKappa is an expert system tool kit developed by IntelliCorp in C using X‐Windows for graphical interface. The SUN 3 or 4 version costs $9995/£7000 and $2595/£1800 for the interactive C environment.This review covers ProKappa version 1.1, installed on a colour SUN SPARC Station 1 with the minimum recommended values of 12 Mb of memory and 30 Mb of swap space.IntelliCorp can be contacted in the USA at 1975 El Camino Real West, Mountain View, CA 94040‐2216 (+1 (415) 965‐5500) and in the UK at 10 Jewry Street, Winchester, Hampshire SO23 8RZ (+44 (0)962

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00260.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00261.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00262.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00263.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY