摘要:

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to some important barriers to the practical application of expert systems to management problems. By drawing attention to these barriers, we show two findings: (a) that certain types of knowledge found in management situations are more likely to lead to the successful adoption of management expert systems (MESs) than others; (b) that a potential exists for an alternative form of MES application. The first finding has implications for knowledge elicitation. We propose that MESs developed from academic knowledge, which we define in specific terms, are more likely to succeed than those developed from working with managers in the field. Alternatively, feasibility studies should include an analysis of the type of knowledge which a manager is capable of providing to ensure that suitable knowledge is available for knowledge elicitation purposes. The second finding has implications for the developers of MESs at both research and commercial levels. We suggest the need for a check‐list MES application, capable of converting responses to strategic and operational questions into managerial action

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00288.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:This paper presents work undertaken as part of a project concerned with the development of a fully automated industrial radiographic inspection system, based on both conventional image‐processing techniques for the detection and analysis of defects in the radiographic image, and intelligent knowledge‐based (1KB) techniques for the classification and evaluation of defect data against the quality assurance requirements of the inspection process. In this paper the 1KB defect classification system is presented. This system is based on a hierarchical frame‐based knowledge representation and a backward‐chaining production rule system. Examples of the frame structures, frame taxonomies and the data‐driven procedures, which maintain the knowledge base are given, along with an outline of the defect classification rules and the inference mechanism for dealing with uncertainty by means of confidenc

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00289.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:The aim of this paper is to describe a system whereby an intensive care unit patient's condition can be monitored and assessed over time using mostly blood gas analysis data. The first six sections analyse some major temporal reasoning approaches (with limited examples from other related areas) with the aim of selecting one for the task at hand. The last sections describe the PONJIP temporal blood gas analysis expert system with its main components, including user interfaces customised to the doctor's requirements. Since the overall aim of this paper is to describe an expert system used for the evaluation of the possible contribution of temporal medical reasoning from blood gas data, research specific to other application areas or data will not be covered here.

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00290.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Solving the customer's LAN/WAN interconnect problem is difficult because of the need to explore many possible configurations (e.g. bridging/routing, packet/channels) and then to choose the best configuration using economic, performance and other criteria. The rapid introduction of new standards, protocols and products to the networking field brings additional complications to the solution and can cause confusion when configuring a network. ALCA is intended to generate all feasible LAN/WAN configuration possibilities automatically and to pick the most appropriate solution to solve the customer's problem, while specifically addressing open systems interconnection (OSI) standards. Matching communications protocols while searching all possible configurations is notoriously slow even on a computer. We show how the search speed can be significantly improved by using expert system knowledge compilation, a computer‐aided software engineering (CASE) technique. ALCA is based on a centrally updated knowledge base of various local area networking products and their interconnect possibilities. ALCA also allows querying to find out protocol interfaces supported by a particular product/service. Finally, it includes a graphic user interface and context‐sensitive menus to reduce user information load. ALCA is intended to be used by the field personnel involved in pre‐sales support, by the data communication product managers, and as an educational tool for novice communication product man

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00291.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract: The excessive time devoted to the development, testing and maintenance of expert systems (ESs) needs to be reduced radically. What is needed is general‐purpose software that can interlace the extracting, structuring, testing, and encoding of knowledge gained from debriefing the expert in any field. LAPS (Logic Aids for Problem Solving) is just such a program and has been successfully used to produce an ES in the domain of submarine diving officers. This automatically‐encoded ES was produced by each expert entering his responses to the LAPS series of strategic‐induction, AI‐jargon‐free queries. Currently, the LAPS prototype has four core sessions or functions: (1) the initial or sample‐solution session; (2) the dechunking or hidden‐knowledge session; (3) the alternatives or completeness‐testing session; and (4) the automatic rule‐production session. After any session the interviewee can use the fourth function of LAPS to produce frame‐laden rules (in M.I, for now; later, in CLIPS). These rules can of course be used to carry out consultation sessions, though fewer of these are needed. LAPS has itself been translated from M.I to C to provide a very fast program on an almost universally available platform — the microcomputer. In accord with the overall technical approach to this project, other successful offline rigorous interviewing functions are being added to LAPS. Other code additions pertain to (a) graphical and other user‐friendly reasoning‐aid enhancements; (b) a series of simpler follow‐up queries; and (c) the fleshing out of many stubs, or functions having intermediate resul

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00292.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00293.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00294.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00295.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Artificial Intelligence Terminology: A Reference Guide Colin BeardonExpert Systems: A Decision Support Approach ‐ With Applications in Management and Finance M. Klein and L. B. Methlie, AddisonThe Logical Basis for Computer Programming, Vol. 2: Deductive Systems Zohar Manna and RichardProlog Programming for Artificial Intelligence Ivan Brat

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00296.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0266-4720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0394.1991.tb00297.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY