摘要:

Cardiopulmonary bypass surgery may be complicated by a systemic inflammatory reaction, which has been ascribed to the activation of complement. For such activation, the choice of priming solution for the heart-lung machine may be of importance. The peripheral blood of two groups of 10 patients, either exposed to dextran 70 or to plasma as priming solutions, was therefore studied pre-, per-, and postoperatively. The study confirmed that activation of complement is a consistent phenomenon during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery and that the activation involves both the early and the late phase of the complement cascade. The increase in the plasma concentration of the C3 activation products C3c and C3dg was significantly higher in the plasma group than in the dextran group, while there was no difference in the increase in the concentration of the terminal complement complex SC5b-9.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128748

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The metabolites of prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane A2 (TxA2), 6-keto-PGFια and thromboxane B2 (TXB2), were investigated during reperfusion (RP) following warm (37 °C, 60 min, n = 9) or cold (15 °C, 120 min, n = 11) ischemia induced by cold (4 ° C) or normothermic (30 °C) K+ cardioplegia (CP) in isolated canine hearts subjected to global ischemia and RP. 6-Keto-PGF1α flux was significantly higher (p < 0.025) in the warm group at 1, 5, and 10 min of RP (4,202 ± 1,412, 2,475 ± 1,875, and 1,255 ± 633 pg/g·min, mean ± SD) compared to those in the cold group (1,504 ± 1,245, 434 ± 641, and 370 ± 329 pg/g·min). TxB2 flux was small in amount compared to 6-keto-PGF1α in both groups. Regarding the coronary hemodynamics, the cold group alone showed statistically significant relationships of coronary sinus blood flow to TxB2 level and TxB2/6-keto-PGF1α ratio in coronary sinus blood. Also, coronary vascular resistance showed linear relations to these two parameters of the metabolites. In a supplementary experiment only with cold ischemia for 180 min, 6-keto-PGF1α was released at each coronary flush-out by CP and the incremental amount showed a gradual increase during ischemia. These results indicated that significant production and release of PGI2 occurred during ischemia and RP following CP arrest and these related to the degree of myocardial damage while the response of TxA2 seemed less significant. The role of PGI2 release during RP following cardioplegic ar

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128749

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To evaluate the function of energy metabolism in allografts after liver transplantation, changes in hepatic energy charge levels, oxidative and phosphorylative activities of mitochondria and arterial blood ketone body ratio (acetoacetate/3-hydroxybutyrate; KBR) were studied in piglets. Hepatic energy charge levels decreased to 0.831 ± 0.010 at 3 days and 0.836 ± 0.009 at 3 weeks after operation compared to the preoperative value of 0.868 ± 0.006 (p < 0.01), and returned to 0.856 ± 0.007 at 6 weeks. Mitochondrial oxidative and phosphorylative activities were moderately enhanced to 19.14 ± 2.07 (10–10 mol ATP/mg of mitochondrial protein/s) at 3 days and 20.89 ± 1.72 at 3 weeks compared to the preoperative value of 16.74 ± 2.36, and returned to 16.65 ± 1.54 at 6 weeks. There was no significant difference in the concentrations of mitochondrial respiratory components, except in cytochrome c + c1. KBR decreased immediately at the beginning of the anhepatic phase and rapidly recovered to the preoperative level within 60 min after revascularization of allografts. There was no change in KBR during the postoperative course except in cases with clinical deterioration. From these results, it is suggested that the mitochondrial capacity for ATP synthesis was enhanced to compensate for the decreased energy charge level and that a decreased KBR is a sign of a critically deranged metabolic function in a

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128750

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A newly developed modification of the limulus amebocyte lysate test for quantification of endotoxin levels in blood is described. The chromogenic peptide carbobenzoxy-Gly-Gly-Arg-4-methyl-cumarinyl-7-arnid proved to be most suitable. The liberated fluorescent dye is diazotized with N(1-naphtyl-)-ethylen-diamin-dihydrochloride. Using this statistically proved reliable and sensitive test, endotoxin serum levels of healthy persons and patients undergoing major surgical treatment were compared. In the postoperative phase endotoxin serum levels up to 0.5 ng/ml can be detected without clinical signs of septicemia. Healthy persons show endotoxin serum levels up to 0.08 ng/ml. In rats no difference of endotoxin serum levels was detected in the portal vein, and in arterial and venous blood. So a physiological endotoxin resorption from the intestine followed by a clearance during the liver passage seems to be doubtful in this species.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128751

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Hyperthermia alone had a lethal effect on V-79 cells. Temporary exposure to hyperthermia resulted in substantial decreases in cell growth, in a time (20–120 min)- and temperature (39–44¤ C)-dependent manner. A precipitous fall in cell growth occurred when cells were incubated at temperatures between 42 and 43 °C. Concomitant application of hyperthermia, bleomycin and irradiation (hyperthermochemoradiotherapy) led to a maximal effect, compared with findings in cells treated with a single or two modalities, in vitro as well as in vivo and in clinical cases. To produce a similar situation of tumor cell growth in vivo, multicellular tumor spheroids (MTS) were developed by culturing tumor cells on soft agar. The effect of various treatments on the cells was then determined. Hyperthermia had a greater effect on the inner layer (hypoxic state) of MTS than on the outer layer, while radiotherapy was more effective on the outer layer (aerobic state). The synergistic effect of the combination with hyperthermia and irradiation was exhibited in all layers of MTS. Hyperthermochemoradiotherapy may prove to be an effective and safe form of adjuvant therapy for treating clinical carc

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128752

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Twelve female guinea pigs were given estradiol and another 12 testosterone for 18 days. A third group of 15 animals underwent oophorectomy and a group of 8 animals served as controls. Gastric and pancreatic D-cells were quantitated in all four groups. Oophorectomy and androgens significantly increased and estrogens significantly decreased gastric D-cell populations. Additionally, estrogens significantly decreased D-cell population in pancreatic islets. It is concluded that the alterations in gastric and pancreatic D-cell populations, which are induced by sex hormone administration and oophorectomy, possibly reflect a hormonal adaptive attempt to restore gastric secretory functions within the normal range.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128753

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Clinical and pathological findings of gastric cancer in patients of less than 30 years of age were compared with those in aged patients of over 75 years of age. These were 10 males and 24 females, and the rate of gastric cancer for females in the younger group was extremely high. There were marked differences between both groups in the pathological findings of gastric cancer, and consequently in the progressive pattern of the disease, perhaps as the result of differences in the matrix of cancer development and the influence of sex hormones. Gastric cancer at an advanced stage and delayed surgery in younger patients are attributable to negligence on the part of the patient in scheduling a medical examination and careless diagnosis by the physician. However, the prognosis of gastric cancer was not unfavorable in the younger patients when curative surgery was performed.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128754

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Aerothermotherapy with a Leister® hot air coagulator was tested in a simulated operation field followed by a prospective double-blind animal pilot study to examine hemostasis and tissue reactions. Two symmetrical incisions were made on the back of 5 rabbits. One of the two wounds was randomised to aerothermotherapy. The temperature rise in the wound was registered by thermistors. No wound complications were observed. Five days postoperatively all wounds were excised for histological examination. A superficial muscular cell necrosis was observed in 3 of the 5 hot-air-coagulated back wounds. Liver resection was performed in 2 of the rabbits. The bleeding from the resection surface was stopped effectively by aerothermotherapy. Combination of the hot air temperature, the distance to the tissue and the application time was crucial for avoiding burns. If these factors are observed, the hot air coagulator may be used as a supplement to conventional methods of hemostasis

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128755

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger