摘要:

In this study the ability of the normal liver to tolerate normothermic ischaemia was assessed. The survival rate in pigs after 3, 6 and 12 h of normothermic hepatic ischaemia was 71, 46 and 0%, respectively. A patient who survived after inadvertently being subjected to 90 min of normothermic hepatic ischaemia is also presented. These findings suggest that the ‘safe period’ for liver blood flow occlusion could be extended beyond

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128536

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A technique is described in which acute hepatic failure may be uniformly induced in pigs using a combination of oral phenobarbitone pretreatment and 2-hour interruption of hepatic arterial blood supply followed by intragastric carbon tetrachloride. This results in deep hepatic coma over a narrowly predictable time span and death within 12–52 h. Amino acid levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid obtained 24 h after the induction of hepatic failure were similar to those reported in human and experimental encephalopath

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128537

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) was performed in 12 pigs and liver function assessed before and after transplantation. In 6 pigs OLT was carried out without cold perfusion of the donor liver, whereas in the other 6 animals the donor organ was perfused in situ. 5/6 animals without perfusion and 4/6 with cold perfusion survived for more than 10 days. Significantly better liver function was revealed by the aminopyrine breath test (ABT) and the indocyanine green (ICG) disappearance in the group with the cold perfusion of the liver, whereas no differences in routine liver function tests were seen between the two groups. Although OLT without cold perfusion of the donor liver is feasible and prolonged survival of animals is possible, the function of these organs is markedly reduced compared to the cold perfused organs. This method can, therefore, not be recommended. in the post ABT and ICG disappearance are sensitive tests for the evaluation of the liver function -transplant period.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128538

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Portal branch ligation (PBL) is known to induce a rapid and progressive atrophy in the liver parenchyma without portal blood flow and compensatory hyperplasia in the segments receiving the whole portal flow. In this study, the hepatotrophic effect of portal blood was studied in rats with PBL and after this procedure was combined with different portosystemic shunts. After 2 weeks, the most severe atrophy was found in ligated lobes of rats with PBL alone. In shunted animals, the atrophy was significantly inhibited and in relation to the magnitude of portal flow bypassed the liver. This suggests that in shunted rats, the portal-borne hepatotrophic factors undergo systemic recirculation and affect the liver by way of the hepatic artery. Stimultaneously, in PBL + shunt rats, the rate of atrophy normally induced by a shunt was also dependent on the amount of portal blood available to this part of the liver. By a balance between these 2 processes, the total liver mass was maintained at the level found in sham PBL + shunt control rats.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128539

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Rats are widely used in intestinal motility studies, but no precise observation has yet been carried out on the organization of motility throughout the whole small bowel of the rat. The aim of this work was to investigate the characteristics of small intestinal motility of the rat using an electromyographic technique. The variables describing the pattern of occurrence of the migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) were studied as well as the relative distribution of the 3 phases within the MMC cycles. The mean duration of the MMC was 20 min on the jejunum, and it increased up to twofold along the ileum. The propagation of the MMCs was regular in the jejunum, but about half the MMCs disappeared along the ileum and did not reach the caecum. The electromyographic characteristics of the jejunum are greatly different from those of the ileum, and the motility of a segment is not representative of the whole small bowel motility. Considering these particularities of intestinal motility, rats differ in many details from other species.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128540

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In spite of reported successes, synthetic fabric grafts and microporous and plain synthetic conduits have proven unsuitable for aorto-coronary bypasses and showed weaknesses below the knee. Readily available and uniform diameter vascular substitutes with biological and mechanical properties comparable to human vessels would be of paramount interest. Following reported successes with chemically fixed human umbilical veins (HUV), we have attempted to develop smaller diameter blood conduits and have improved the currently prevalent techniques of fixation, preparation and storage to generate more convenient surgical products. In vitro assessment of the processed HUV demonstrated that the HUV can be easily processed to make an arterial substitute that can be preserved either in a liquid medium or as a dry product. However, the in vivo implantations in dogs led to disappointing results for liquid-preserved or albuminated veins. Critical-point dried grafts gave better results, unfortunately they do not heal and they can only degrade after implantation.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128541

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A prospective study was carried out to compare the effectiveness of 4 commonly employed methods of bowel preparation before colorectal surgery: mechanical, mechanical with an antibiotic against aerobes (neomycin), mechanical with another antibiotic against anaerobes (metronidazole), and finally mechanical with a combination of neomycin and metronidazole. The use of mechanical preparation as the sole method was discontinued halfway through the study for ethical reasons. 53 bowel preparations were carried out on 31 patients, 7 adults and 24 children with mainly Hirschsprung’s disease and imperforate anus. The incidence of postoperative infections ranged from 40 to 46% in the first 3 groups, in contrast to only 6% in the fourth group (p < 0.05). The majority of the organisms isolated were gram-negative bacteria. The results show that a combination of mechanical bowel washout with oral neomycin and metronidazole is a most effective method of bowel preparation before colorectal surger

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128542

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger