摘要:

To overcome the difficulties of administering drugs directly into the liver, the intrasplenic route was investigated in rats after subcutaneous transposition of the spleen isolated with amniotic membrane. Higher levels and longer presence in the liver, of two radiolabeled drugs were seen, compared to the generally used intravenous administration.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128304

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Methylcellulose injected intraperitoneally into rats proved to give a splenomegaly combined with anemia and thrombocytopenia. The white blood cell count did not change during the treatment. The splenic parenchyma of the hypersplenic rats was then reduced by resection or splenic artery ligation to a different extent. The peripheral blood cell count was normalized after a one-third resection, whereas a more-than-two-thirds reduction of the splenic parenchyma caused infective complications in many rats. It was thus possible to treat the ‘secondary hypersplenism’ in the rat by a partial reduction of the splenic parenchyma and to avoid total splenectomy, much undesired with new immunologic knowle

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128305

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of arterialization of the portal vein was investigated in cirrhotic dogs with a portacaval shunt. In dogs receiving a portacaval shunt only (PCS), the pressure in the intrahepatic portal vein fell to about 10% of the preshunt value, while the total hepatic blood flow was reduced by 63.9%. By contrast, in dogs with arterialization in addition to a portacaval shunt (PCS + A), the pressure in the portal vein was almost restored to preshunt levels, and the decrease in total hepatic blood flow was only 35.7%; this difference in the reduction of hepatic perfusion is significant (p < 0.01). 2 weeks after the operation, PCS + A dogs had lower plasma levels of bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase, and a higher antipyrine clearance than PCS dogs (p < 0.05). This improvement, however, was of short duration. The results of the ammonia tolerance test were not affected by the arterialization procedure.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128306

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Inorder to study the combined effect of end-to-side portacaval shunt and chronic liver damage on biliary organic anion transport, the rat model of thioacetamide-induced chronic liver injury was utilized. Compared with sham-operated animals, bile flow and maximal biliary excretion (Tm) of sulfobromophthalein sodium (BSP) was decreased in rats 9 weeks after shunt operation. If rats with shunts were treated for 8 weeks with thioacetamide, an agent causing hepatic fïbrosis and pseudolobule formation, BSP transport from the hepatocyte into bile was further diminished. Compared with the shunted controls, the thioacetamide-treated rats with shunts had elevated serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase concentrations, and on electron microscopy their livers had dilated bile canaliculi with a decreased number of microvilli. Non-shunted rats treated with thioacetamide for 8 weeks had similar but less severe changes in the canalicular ultrastructure. Bile flow and BSP Tm were not influenced by thioacetamide treatment alone, perhaps due to the marked liver hypertrophy in these animals. These results indicate that canalicular active transport of organic anions is more sensitive to the effect of thioacetamide in animals with portacaval shunts than in those with sham operations. A similar impairment of hepatic organic anion handling by hepatotoxic compounds might be the consequence of portasystemic shunts in patients with liver cirrhosis

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128307

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

After various types of sympathectomy (surgical, chemical, isolated adrenod-emedullation; AMX, combined procedurs) in the rat, basal gastric secretion, gastric mucosal blood flow (MBF), associated glucose and a variety of hormones in the blood were measured. With the exception of the ineffective surgical sympathectomy, all the other forms variously influence gastric secretion qualitatively (volume, acidity, pepsin) and quantitatively (output per unit time). Chemical sympathectomy has an augmenting effect both on acid (volume, acidity, output) and on pepsin. In general the MBF parallels acid, but the MBF is decreased after AMX despite stable or increased gastric secretion. Sympathectomy, except procedures involving AMX or AMX + surgical sympathectomy, increases spontaneous gastric mucosal lesions. With AMX glucose is diminished, but is elevated following surgical and chemical sympathectomy. Gastrin, insulin and somatostatin are always higher than in sham-operated controls, glucagon after surgical sympathectomy only. It is concluded that (1) the sympathoadrenal system in the rat modulates both basal gastric secretion and blood hormones; (2) the adrenal medulla may participate in the control of gastric MBF, and (3) gastric mucosal lesions are not correctly reflected by the ration MBF/acidity.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128308

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

After vagotomy (truncal, highly selective, superselective) in rats, basal gastric secretion, gastric mucosal blood flow, associated fasting blood glucose and a variety of hormones were measured. All forms of vagotomy reduce acid (volume, acidity, output), but highly selective and superselective – though not truncal – procedures stimulate basal pepsin secretion, whereas mucosal blood flow roughly parallels acid production. Spontaneous gastric mucosal lesions increase after highly selective vagotomy. Both highly selective and superselective – but not truncal – vagotomy tend to increase plasma glucose and somatostatin, while only the former reduces insulin and glucagon. Common to all vagotomies is the development of virtually undetectable calcitonin (<25 pg/ml) and of hypergastrinemia. It is concluded that in the rat with draining gastric fistula in response to vagotomy there are moderate differences in regard to gastric mucosal ulcer index, gastric secretion, glucose, glucose-regulating hormones, while lowered calcitonin may be a general feature of low vag

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128309

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In this work we have studied the gastric mucosal energy metabolism in the restraint-rat experimental model. Gastric mucosal concentrations of glucose, AMP, ADP and ATP were determined, as well as free fatty acids and cholesterol, in order to evaluate alterations in the phospholipid composition of the cell membrane. We have observed a progressive decrease of glucose levels and an increase of ATP and Atkinson’s index following 24 h of restraint; this finding refers to ATP not being used in HC1 synthesis, and to activation of protein-kinase in the parietal cells due to an increase of histamine in the gastric mucosa. The increase in free fatty acids and a marked decrease of cholesterol in glandular mucosa suggest an alteration in the membrane phospholipid composition as a result of local phospholipases activated by histamin

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128310

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The cytotoxic effect of two enzyme preparations for wound treatment has been studied. Testing was performed partly in vitro (tissue culture), and partly in vivo (wound strength). Regarding Varidase®, it was established in vitro that the effect depended upon dosage and exposure time, and that proper dose and time increased growth rate in treated explants of heart muscle from chicken embryos. Both preparations were tested in vivo and at clinically recommended concentrations, Varidase increased wound strength, while Trypure® showed some decreas

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128311

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger