摘要:

Double-indicator dilution methods can be used for measurement of lung water. The thermal conductivity method is based on heat as a diffusible and conductivity as a non-diffusible indicator. In the present study we correlated lung thermal volume with gravimetrical measurement of extravascular lung water after thrombin-induced microembolization in dog lungs. The embolization was accompanied by significantly increased vascular permeability and accumulation of interstitial water. Under these conditions there was a close correlation between the two methods of measuring lung water (r = 0.78, p < 0.01).

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128296

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Solute and fluid compartments in the lungs were investigated following thrombin-induced intravascular coagulation in rats treated with the fibrinolysis inhibitor, trans-4-(aminomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxalic acid. The lung weight was increased to almost three times normal due to accumulation of extravascular water with albumin and chloride concentrations similar to those in plasma. The blood content and dry weight were doubled. Microscopic sections were characterized by widespread fibrin-rich microemboli, thickened alveolar walls, distension of peribronchiolar and perivascular spaces with fluid, dilated lymph vessels and protein-rich alveolar oedema. An increased microvascular permeability to protein explains the findings. When the dose of thrombin was decreased to a point where no pulmonary oedema developed, supplementary infusion of low molecular weight fibrinogen degradation products induced oedema formation as verified microscopically.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128297

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The technique of donor perfusion of the isolated canine heart is described. It is carried out with the aid of a specially developed system providing both retrograde resuscitational coronary perfusion of the heart which sustained ischemia and perfusion with functional volume-systolic loadings of the left ventricle of the working heart under nearly physiologic conditions. This technique was used in the first group of experiments (control) to study the performance of the heart which did not sustain ischemia, and in two groups of experiments with cardioplegia. In the experiments of group II the corrected autologous blood which served as perfusate had the following composition: Hb 8.3 g%; K+ 2.4 mEq/1; pH 7.7; osmolarity 307 mosm/1; pO2 250–450 mm Hg; temperature 13–15 °C. The hearts were preserved for 2 h following single-dose perfusion. In the experiments of group III the corrected autologous blood had the following composition: Hb 8 g%; K+ 20–25 mEq/1; pH7.7; osmolarity 320 mosm/1; pO2 300–500 mm Hg; temperature 13–15 ° C. Coronary perfusion was carried out every 20 min during the 2-hour preservation period. The studies of coronary hemodynamics and cardiac function using the developed system showed practically identical results in groups I and III. In group II deep depression of myocardial function due to ischemic injury was found. The presented data on a comparative assessment of cardiac function in three groups of experiments demonstrate the high value of the developed technique of perfusion and functional loading of the

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128298

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The preventive effect of 24 h intermittent peritoneal dialysis on intra-abdominal adhesion formation was investigated in rats. Intraperitoneal adhesions were induced by excision of 1 × 3 cm of the peritoneum and underlying muscle, subsequently closed with interrupted silk sutures. Animals were allocated at random to either postoperative peritoneal dialysis or a control group. Quantitative assessment of adhesions 1 week later showed a significant reduction in rats undergoing peritoneal dialysis (p < 0.01)

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128299

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The abdominal cavity of male albino rats, average weight 250 g, was opened and the duodenum approached where the ductus choledochus joins. Pancreatic ducts empty into the lower third of the choledochus. The ductus choledochus was cannulated with a Teflon catheter beneath the liver and its other end was brought out at the neck of the rat. Tissue glue was introduced into the lower part of the choledochus towards the liver. Another Teflon catheter was introduced into the duodenum, its second end brought out at the neck and connected with the first catheter by means of a metal tube, thus preserving bile flow from the liver to the duodenum. Tissue glue injection resulted in complete atrophy of the exocrine pancreas within 2–15 days. The islets of Langerhans remained intac

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128300

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Two types of portasystemic shunts were investigated in the rat: low pressure shunts (portacaval shunt, PCS, and portacaval transposition, PCT) and high pressure shunts (portasystemic shunt by ligation of the portal vein after splenic transposition, PSSL). Liver atrophy was seen in all groups but PCT. Simplification of intestinal villi was observed in all groups and related to the degree of portal pressure alteration. Liver function and clinical status improved if some blood, either systemic or splanchnic, perfused the liver through surgical deviation (PCT) or accidental collateral formation (PSSL + C). In the prevention of the PCS syndrome selective portacaval shunting is advocated, leaving some blood to flow to the liver. A high as possible splanchnic pressure prevents intestinal villi simplification and loss of resorptional surface.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128301

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A single gastric administration of 15 ml/kg of 40 % ethanol to anesthetized pigs resulted in an increased portal venous blood pressure which increased with increasing blood alcohol levels. For the first 2 h there was no significant alteration in liver blood flow, but 3 h after the administration of ethanol, when portal blood pressure reached its highest values, liver blood flow had decreased. This was probably caused by increased hepatic vascular resistance as shown in electron thin-section phase-contrast microscopy which at this time showed marked hepatocyte swelling, narrowing of the sinusoids and platelet aggregates in small portal branches.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128302

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Cryosurgery (in situ freezing) has been efficaciously employed for the treatment of malignant neoplasms. In situ freezing of a number of tissues has been demonstrated to constitute an antigenic stimulus (comparable to that obtained through the parenteral administration of antigen) capable of generating a specific immunologic response against autologous antigens of the frozen tissue, ergo, cryostimulation. However, if cryosurgery is to be employed not only for ablation of tumor, but also as a possible means of engendering an immunologic response to tumor (primary, as well as secondary, i.e., metastases), ergo, cryoimmunotherapy, several factors must be given careful consideration. It is with the further elucidation of these factors and the continuing endeavor to establish criteria for evaluating the candidacy of the cancer patient for cryoimmunotherapy and their postoperative responsiveness that have been reviewed, assessed and updated.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128303

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger