摘要:

The purpose of the present work was to study: (1) if anesthesia induces changes in the helper/cytotoxic/suppressor T cell ratio in the rat spleen, and (2) if there is any difference between two anesthetic methods usually employed in rat experimentation. 50 Fisher 344 rats were allotted into 5 groups. In group A (control), a splenectomy was performed in an average time of 3 min under ether anesthesia. In groups B1 and B2, the rats were anesthetized for 1 h with ether (group B1) or with one single dose of ketamine + atropine + diazepam (group B2) and then underwent splenectomy. Groups C1 and C2 were similar to groups B1 and B2 but splenectomy was performed 24 h later, under ether anesthesia during 3 min. T helper (Th) and T cytotoxic-suppressor (Ts-c) cells were identified in periarterial and follicular spleen tissue by means of an immunohistologic analysis using an immunoperoxidase technique with monoclonal antibodies. In periarterial tissue the Th/Ts-c ratio (mean ± SE) was: group A, 1.61 ± 0.11; group B1, 1.10 ± 0.1; group B2, 1.28 ± 0.11; group C1, 0.85 ± 0.08, and group C2, 1.23 ± 0.12. The differences between groups A and B1 C1 and C2 were statistically significant (t = 2.2833) as well as the difference between groups C1 and C2 (t = 2.5223). The Th/Ts-c ratio was also compared when equal to 1 or < 1. The difference between groups A and C1 was statistically significant (p < 0.05) as well. In follicular tissue the ratio was 1 in all the groups. We conclude that anesthesia induces a Th/Ts-c decrease in rat periarterial spleen tissue. This decrease lasts for 24 h after anesthesia. Ether anesthesia induces a greater decrease than ketamine + diazepam + atropine anest

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129117

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An isolated blood-perfused pig heart model has been established in order to evaluate the recovery of hearts obtained from slaughterhouse domestic pigs avoiding anesthesia and direct experiments on animals. Eleven hearts subjected to 9 min of normothermic ischemia were infused with cold modified Bretschneider solution. After 180 min of cardioplegic-induced global ischemia (including 9 min of normothermic ischemia) 8 hearts were reperfused for 120 min. Left ventricular function (measured isovolumetrically by means of a balloon, and expressed as developed left ventricular pressure, positive and negative dP/dt) was stable during the whole reperfusion period. Lactate production was abolished after 25 min of reperfusion, while there was a small glucose extraction during the whole reperfusion period. Slight deterioration of the mitochondria was found during the induced cardiac arrest, however, reversing during the reperfusion. Thus, due to the stability of left ventricular function, improved metabolism and ultrastructure during the reperfusion period, the model with no use of laboratory animals, and without any influence of anesthesia, seems to be suitable for testing the pure effect on the performance of the left ventricle of drugs and substrates added to the reperfusate during the reperfusion period.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129118

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of thalidomide on the prevention of early rejection was studied in heterotopic cardiac transplants between ACI (donors) and Lewis (recipients) rats, in combination with subtherapeutic doses of ciclosporin. Although allografts treated solely with thalidomide (5 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally) survived longer than controls (9.4 ± 2.7 and 6.3 ± 0.6 days, respectively, p < 0.001), the survival rates of animals treated with low dose ciclosporin (1.25 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally) plus thalidomide (1.25, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg/day) were significantly better at 21 days (70, 88.9 and 88.9%, respectively), compared to 55.6% in those treated with ciclosporin (1.25 mg/kg/day) alone. Graft survival rates at 90 days were not significantly different in the thalidomide-ciclosporin combination groups (60, 77.8 and 55.6%, respectively) compared to the ciclosporin group alone (55.6%). We conclude that thalidomide is effective in preventing early rejection of rat cardiac allograft when combined with subtherapeutic doses of ciclosporin, thus avoiding the dose-dependent side effects of ciclosporin in the early posttransplant perio

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129119

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of glucan (lentinan), β(1→3)-glucan derived from Lentinus edodes, was evaluated in a clinically relevant septic model. Male, Japanese, white rabbits were intravenously injected with lentinan (1 mg/body) just before septic insult, induced by injecting fecal suspension into the ligated choledochus. In septic animals without lentinan treatment, platelet counts dropped serially following the septic insult and a paracoagulation test, measured by protamine gelation, turned positive. Plasma bilirubin and creatinine elevated significantly in comparison with control animals injected with saline, at 9 h and at 6 and 9 h, respectively. In lentinan-treated septic animals, platelet counts did not decrease and a significant difference was found at 9 h, compared to the untreated septic animals. The degree of positive paracoagulation was less prominent. The elevation of plasma bilirubin and creatinine levels was also less prominent and a significant difference was found at 9 h. Plasma endotoxin elevated significantly at 9 h in the untreated septic animals in comparison with lentinan-treated septic and control animals. The findings suggest a modification of the septic processes by the administration of gluc

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129120

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Clinical experience gives evidence of the increasing importance of chronic-abscess-forming peritonitis with a general physical impairment in spite of a well-controlled abdominal situation. The number of unsolved problems led us to develop a standardized and reproducible experimental animal model, using Wistar rats. We induced peritonitis by intra-peritoneal injection of a mixture containing a capsulated strain of Bacteroides fragilis and DEV agar. The histologic changes in the parietal and visceral peritoneum, lymphnodes and liver were recorded in the course of the disease. The data largely correlate with those recorded in human peritonitis. Bacteriologic examinations gave evidence of bacteria passing through the intestinal wall into the abdomen. This is the first model for peritonitis which is defined by its histological and bacteriological course. It enables one to examine pathophysiological problems and the consequences of harm and stress for the course of the disease.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129121

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An experimental model is proposed to study suture line recurrence. By giving enemas with K12 colon carcinoma cells, derived from a 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in male syngeneic BDIX rats, we were able to obtain a suture implantation in about 30% of the control animals. Possible systemic and local factors which might influence this implantation rate could be studied using this model. Only local irrigations of the colon lumen with sodium hypochlorite 0.2% prior to anastomosis produced a significant decrease in implantation rate. Irrigations with chlorhexidine-cetrimide 2.5%, the use of iodized suture material and altering the cellular immune system of the hosts by ciclosporin or excessive surgical stress, had no significant effect on the implantation rate.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129122

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The expression of Ki-67 antigen in 71 patients with advanced gastric cancer was studied by immunohistochemical technique. Immunohistochemical staining with Ki-67 produced clear labeling of a portion of tumor cell nuclei, and the nucleoli stained intensely. The Ki-67 labeling rates of the 71 specimens ranged from 7.7 to 70.5% (mean: 29.2%; standard deviation: 12.9%). There was no significant association between Ki-67 labeling rates and macroscopic type, peritoneal metastasis, or serosal invasion. The tumors showing high Ki-67 labeling rates ( > 25 %) are more likely to have liver metastasis and lymph node involvement. Larger tumors, with a diameter > 6 cm, more frequently showed high Ki-67 labeling rate than those with a diameter < 6 cm. When the Ki-67 labeling rate and 9 clinicopathologic parameters, as conventional prognostic factors, were entered simultaneously into the regression model, nodal status and Ki-67 labeling rate emerged as independent prognostic factors. These results indicate that the in situ determination of the growth fraction by Ki-67 antibody may be a reliable prognostic marker of advanced gastric cancer.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129123

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129124

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129125

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129116

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger