摘要:

In an experimental study on 22 adult Elco rabbits, hemodynamic parameters were investigated using a working heart model. The study group (10 rabbit hearts) received 1 mg/kg i.v. of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor piroximone 15 min before thoracotomy. 12 untreated rabbit hearts served as a control group. Hemodynamic parameters were measured before and after 60 min of hypothermic ischemia. The pre-ischemic period showed no significant differences between the two groups, except the higher levels of coronary flow in the piroximone group. The postischemic period showed significant increases in heart rate, coronary flow, aortic flow and cardiac output in the piroximone group in comparison to the control group. These results indicate as a main effect the positive influence of piroximone on coronary flow, given as a single shot 15 min preoperatively. This study provides evidence of the vasodilative properties on the coronary arteries beside the documented effects on the periphery. Therefore, piroximone represents an alternative tool in weaning from the cardiopulmonary bypass.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129329

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Hepatic hemodynamics, oxygen metabolism, and lactate metabolism during hepatic artery occlusion and reperfusion with and without supplemental oxygen and dobutamine (DOB) were studied in dogs. After a 60-min occlusion, hepatic arterial blood flow recovered about 80% of the preocclusion values after 10 min of reperfusion. However, portal vein blood flow gradually decreased during both occlusion and reperfusion. The partial pressure of oxygen in the portal vein blood (PPVO2) did not change significantly during the experiment. Accordingly, hepatic oxygen (HO2) delivery and consumption (HVO2) decreased markedly during occlusion and did not recover completely after 60 min of reperfusion. Although inhalation of 100% oxygen did not affect hepatic hemodynamics, it markedly increased PPVO2. DOB did not effectively increase PPVO2 though it increased portal vein flow (PVF). Both inhalation of 100% oxygen and DOB infusion enhanced HO2 delivery and HVO2 during hepatic artery occlusion and reperfusion. The hepatic lactate uptake was limited in the control group, however, it was improved by 100% oxygen and, especially, DOB both during occlusion and reperfusion. These data support the conclusion that inhalation of 100% oxygen and DOB administration effectively support hepatic function during hepatic artery occlusion.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129330

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Surgically induced lung tissue trauma reveals an immune response in peripheral blood, the degree of which could depend on extent and severity of the organ trauma and the presence of lung malignancies. The study included 34 patients who underwent elective thoracic surgery because of benign and malignant lung tissue diseases. Flow-cytometric phenotyping of lymphocyte subsets shows a clear shift to reduced immunocompetent cells after lung tissue injury. Patients with lung tumors reveal a postoperative activation of the macrophage system as indicated by increased plasma levels of neopterin. Increased levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor in the plasma of these patients may be the result of cellular shedding of the receptor. Lung tissue trauma is also followed by reduced immunoglobulin levels which are most pronounced in the presence of lung malignancies. These results suggest that lung tissue injury leads to postoperative immunosuppression especially in tumor patients.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129331

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The feasibility of excluded and everted small intestine segments as reservoirs for adrenal tissue transplantation was compared between biadrenalectomized adult rats with isogenic transplants of adrenal quarters or allogenic transplants of neonatal adrenal glands. Small clusters of adrenocortical cells, located between the adipocytes and the mesenteric vessels of the segments’ lumen, were observed following isogenic transplantation. Several large regenerated adrenocortical nodules, surrounded by a connective capsule, were present in each of the rats transplanted with neonatal adrenal glands. Medullary tissue did not regenerate. It was concluded that the excluded and everted segments of small intestine were optimal sites for adrenal tissue transplantation and that the regeneration process of the adrenocortical tissue takes place more quickly after the transplantation of neonatal adrenal glands than after the transplantation of adrenal quarter

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129332

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In an experimental study resembling clinical use of adjuvant 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment of colorectal carcinoma 86 male Wistar rats were operated with a standardized left colon resection and anastomosis with interrupted sutures. Treatment was given as daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections. The animals were randomized to one of two groups: (A) 5-FU (20 mg/kg) i.p., and (B) NaCl i.p. from the day of operation to sacrifice. Anastomotic complications were registered. In experiment 1 animals were randomized within treatment groups to be tested for anastomotic breaking strength with or without sutures in place when sacrificed 7 days postoperatively. In experiment 2 collagen synthesis was studied by an in vivo incorporation and hydroxylation of 3H-proline in the anastomotic segment during 24 h prior to sacrifice. The animals were sacrificed in groups on the third or seventh postoperative day. A higher number of anastomotic complications was registered when 5-FU was given. The anastomotic breaking strength was only 40% of controls both when tested with and without sutures. A reduced radioactivity of 3H-hydroxyproline in the anastomotic segment after 7 days of 5-FU treatment was found implying a reduction in collagen synthesis. In our model colonic healing was impaired after i.p. 5-FU treatment and this could be attributed to a reduced collagen synthesis in the wound gap as well as in the adjacent tissue responsible for the suture-holding capacity.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129333

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Intestinal mucosal morphology was studied in dogs given a new reconstruction procedure following proctocolectomy in which a jejunal segment was interposed between the terminal ileum and the anus to function as a ‘neocolon’. Chronic inflammatory cell infiltration, villous atrophy, and fibrosis of the lamina propria were sought in three different intestinal sites and assigned a severity score. Twenty-four weeks after proctocolectomy, villous atrophy and fibrosis of the lamina propria were noted both in the interposed jejunum (neocolon) (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, respectively) and the terminal ileum (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, respectively). Similar changes were also observed in the proximal jejunum, but a significant difference compared to the preoperative time was not seen. Fibrosis of the lamina propria in the interposed jejunum tended to be more advanced than that in the other two sites. A statistical difference in severity was obtained between the interposed jejunum and the proximal jejunum (p < 0.05). Chronic inflammatory cell infiltration was similar in all sites examined. No obvious evidence of acute inflammation was found at any site examined. These data suggest that chronic morphologic changes inevitably occur at any site in the remaining intestine after proctocolectomy and that an interposed jejunal segment is most severely affected. The new interposition procedure may be effective in reducing the morphologic changes in the terminal ileum because of its proximal displacem

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129334

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The rat gastric mucosa, superfused with 0.1 N HC1, was investigated following 15 min of hemorrhagic shock and 30 min of retransfusion after pretreatment with ascorbate (1 mg/l00g b.w. or 5 mg/l00 g b.w.). The size of the ischemic areas and the amount of mucosal bleeding using 51Cr labeling of red blood cells were assessed. Ischemic areas developed during shock. Following retransfusion, bleedings occurred at the border zones between ischemic and surrounding circulated areas. Ascorbate in both doses protected the gastric mucosa by reducing the amount of bleeding following 30 min of retransfusion as well as by reducing the area of ischemia 5 min after retransfusion.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129335

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The diagnosis of invasive candidiasis is often difficult. The limulus test, which has been used for the assay of endotoxin in blood, was also found to react with (1–3)-β-D-glucan, a component of the fungal cell wall. The factor in the limulus test that is activated by glucan, but not by endotoxin, is called factor G. The G-test utilizes the activation pathway starting with factor G, and sensitively reacts with trace amounts of glucan. In this study, we investigated in vitro proliferation of Candida albicans and changes in the glucan concentration of RPMI-1640 media in the presence and absence of neutrophils and antifungal agents, as a pilot evaluation to possible clinical applications of the G-test. The proliferation of C. albicans and the glucan level measured in the culture media showed parallel changes. The glucan level in the culture media also increased when C. albicans was phagocytosed and digested by neutrophils, but not with administration of amphotericin B. The G-test closely reflected quantitative changes of C albicans in vitro, and should be considered for future clinical studies in the diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutics in invasive candidias

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129336

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger