摘要:

There is suggestive evidence that both the coagulation and the fibrinolytic systems are activated in trauma and in shock. Trauma and shock may be complicated by systemic deposition of fibrin within the vascular tree (disseminated intra-vascular coagulation, DIC). The occurrence of DIC is often observed when the enhancement of coagulation is not balanced by a correspondent enhancement of fibrinolysis. Defective stimulation of fibrinolysis is observed in conditions accompanied by suppression of the fibrinolytic system, such as in pregnancy and after administration of fibrinolytic inhibitors. DIC after trauma and shock is presumably more common in subjects who usually respond poorly to fibrinolytic stimuli (the so-called poor responders) than in ‘normal responders’. The same factors which favour the occurrence of DIC seem to have an unfavourable influence also on the final outcome of the complicat

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127611

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A comparison has been made between the flow calculated from the initial slope of the 133Xe elimination curve registered over the liver after intraportal injection of the tracer and the simultaneously recorded total outflow from the liver. This was made possible by diversion of the blood from the hepatic veins to a flow recorder outside the animal. The results indicate that in the same animal there is a fairly constant relationship between the flow values even under different rates of flow. Between different cats this relationship varies. It is concluded that the flow values calculated from the initial slope of the 133Xe elimination curve is valid as far as relative changes in total liver blood flow is concerned.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127612

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Changes in plasma activities for the enzymes β-glucuronidase, acid phosphatase, β-galactosidase, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, α-mannosidase, and β-glucosidase were studied in the pig after depriving the liver of its arterial supply. β-Glucosidase and β-galactosidase were found to increase with a peak value after 12 h, whereas the other enzymes were not affected. These enzyme reactions were compared with the changes of SGOT and SLDH. Basal values for the assayed enzymes in pig plasma are

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127613

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Nine canine and 30 rat-to-rat long surviving heterotopic liver homografts and six canine heterotopic liver autografts were examined for histopathological changes. The picture of a mixed cardiac and portal cirrhosis, metallaxis of lobular architecture, and congestive bridges were more frequent in the canine heterotopic graft than in the recipient’s own liver or in orthotopic liver grafts, suggesting that unfavorable hepatic venous outflow conditions can influence the late outcome of auxiliary liver transplantation. Optimal hemodynamic conditions can be established by insertion of the graft as proximally as possible by means of a very short vena cava cuff, and by a wide outflow anastomosi

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127614

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A new technique to apply standard high temperature burn injuries and scalds under controlled conditions in living mice has been established. The difference between scalds and ‘dry’ heat injuries in terms of the mortality rate and the histological changes within the skin has been demonstrated. The relationship between the surface area injured and the animal’s body weight and total surface as a critical parameter with respect to survival or mortality has been established. A mechanism for toxin formation in mammalian skin after high temperature energy input has been offered. The physical and chemical characteristics of a specific burn toxin have been described. The toxic effect of the isolated product and the lethal burn injury in vivo upon kidney tissue, serum creatinine and urea have been shown. A direct correlation between the toxic compound and the mortality has been shown by protecting the animals from the toxin (a) by delayed toxin absorption; (b) by active immunization of the animals against the toxin, and (c) by serum (IgG) therapy using heterologous and homologous anti-toxic

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127615

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The capillary transport from tissue to blood of iodide, expressed as the capillary diffusion capacity or permeability-surface area product (PS), has been investigated in vasodilated dog skeletal muscle in 3 shock models: hemorrhagic shock, intestinal stasis with hemoconcentration, and RBC aggregation induced by HMWD. The dependence of PS on perfusion pressure and flow was investigated and compared with PS at acute reduction of flow and perfusion pressure. In shock, there was a 40 to 60-percent reduction of PS at perfusion pressures above 60 mm Hg. There was a further reduction at lower pressures, so that at 40–50 mm Hg, PS was 5–25% of control at normal perfusion pressure. With acute reduction of perfusion pressure to 40–50 mm Hg, PS fell only to 60–70% of control. The mechanism behind these 2 phases of reduction of diffusional transport may be obstruction of capillaries and inhomogeneous distribution of flow. Some preliminary results on the treatment of the transport disturbance were presented, and it was shown that the disturbance was easily reversed by LMWD and more sluggishly by fresh autologous blood, while ‘old’ blood was inefficient within the same time. The possible importance of the gain in transport by this type of treatment in a resistive hypotensive state is com

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127616

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The tissue clearance of iodide was studied in relation to capillary flow as estimated by xenon clearance in dog skeletal muscle at prolonged graded arterial occlusion. While transport of iodide was diffusion-limited at control in resting muscle, there was, shortly after reduction of flow and perfusion pressure, a transient state of flow-limited transport, which changed within 1 h towards diffusion-limited transport, now reduced, compared to control at comparable flows. This state of disturbed transport could be reversed by release of occlusion or by low molecular weight dextran infusion at unchanged low perfusion pressure. This pattern of changes of iodide transport in relation to flow and to perfusion pressure at prolonged low perfusion pressures was identical with that seen during the progress of hemorrhagic shock. The changes of iodide transport were interpreted as due to an efficient transport by opening of capillaries and a lower linear rate of flow at reduced flows, changing, however, at prolonged occlusion, towards an uneven flow distribution, with a subsequent reduction of the efficiency of transport of iodide.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127617

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127618

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger