摘要:

The leakage rate of colonic anastomoses may be as high as 13%. A good blood supply is of paramount importance. However tissue perfusion may be at risk in the elderly and in low colorectal anastomoses. We have tested the effect of isoxsuprine, an agent which reduces blood viscosity, and is an α-adrenergic antagonist and β-adrenergic agonist, on the healing process in normal and ischaemic rat colon. Both bursting pressure and hydroxyproline concentration were significantly improved in compromised ischaemic colon in animals treated with isoxsuprine. Isoxsuprine may improve healing in poorly perfused colonic anastomose

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128458

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Lead-sensitized endotoxicosis was investigated in rats in terms of hepatic energy metabolism. Lead acetate (Ld, 20 mg/kg BW) or endotoxin (Etx, 4 mg/kg BW) caused no deaths within 48 h. Ld plus Etx resulted in a lethality of 50 and 100% within 6 and 12 h respectively. Etx or Ld alone caused a slight but significant decrease in the hepatic tissue levels of total adenine nucleotides and/or ATP at 3 and 6 h after the application. The energy charge potential (ECP) remained normal. The ketone bodies acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate and the ratio AcAc/β-OHB as well as the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation tended to increase; the hepatic tissue levels of pyruvate and lactate were increased after 3 h, indicative of an accelerated glycolysis. These alterations were no longer detectable after 6 h. In lead-sensitized endotoxemia (Ld + Etx), the total adenine nucleotides and ATP of the liver tissue decreased significantly to 84% (86%) and 71% (52%) of the controls within 3 and 6 h respectively, and the ECP had decreased from 0.865 to 0.684 at 6 h. The ketone bodies were increased, while the ratio AcAc/β-OHB was significantly decreased at 6 h. The hepatic tissue lactate remained elevated. The mitochondrial activity was significantly reduced. A hyperglycemia (175 mg·dl-1) at 3 h changed into a hypoglycemia (50 mg·dl-1) at 6 h. It is suggested that Ld plus Etx causes a rapid impairment of hepatic mitochondria which leads to a drastic disturbance of the hepatic energy metabolism including hypoglycemia and contributes to an enhanced lethality in Ld-sensitized endotoxic

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128459

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Hepatic arterial blood flow (HABF) in the liver lobes and splanchnic nonhepatic arterial blood flow were measured in rats with and without right portal branch ligation for 1 month using 57Co microspheres. Portal branch ligation led to 60% atrophy of the ligated lobe and to hypertrophy of the nonligated lobe. In nonligated lobes of the portal branch ligation model and in the lobes of controls, HABF expressed per gram liver was comparable. In both models splanchnic non-HABF was also comparable. In the atrophic lobe, HABF remained constant; expressed per gram liver, it increased. In this lobe the net result was a significant decrease in total hepatic blood flow (ml/min/g liver).

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128460

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Gelatine capsules containing Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis in a standardized mixture with rat colonic content and barium sulfate were implanted intraabdominally into rats. Capsules of 0.75 g gave approximately 50% mortality whereas 0.35 and 1.10 g caused no or 100% mortality, respectively. In subsequent experiments, using the 0.75 g capsule, all animals became ill with signs of tachypnea, piloerection, low physical activity and hypersecretion of saliva 6–8 h after the implantation. The animals reduced their water and food intake substantially and the body weight decreased. A significant reduction in blood pressure, glucose and leukocyte and platelet counts was found 12 h after challenge. Blood cultures obtained at 12, 24, 48 and 60 h all grew E. coli but none B. fragilis. Succumbed animals revealed diffuse peritonitis with growth of E. coli and B. fragilis at autopsy, whereas surviving animals showed abscess formation at investigation on day 8 after challenge. It was concluded that the model closely resembled intraabdominal abscess formation with sepsis in ma

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128461

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Two different experimental models for inducing septic shock have been characterized. In one, septic shock was induced by intraperitoneal injection of live Escherichia coli bacteria. This resulted in a dose-dependent mortality. Those animals surviving the first 24 h are considered as permanent survivors. In the other models, septic shock and peritonitis was induced by ligation and needle punctures of the cecum. This resulted in a slower development of shock which was almost invariably lethal within 96 h. Arterial blood pressure remained within the normal range in both models for up to 3 h after inducing peritonitis. Then a rapid deterioration was noticed in animals injected with live E. coli. White blood cells and platelets in arterial blood were reduced compared to controls in both groups. This reduction was more pronounced in animals injected with live E. coli. Both models are considered as useful tools in further studies of the pathophysiology of peritonitis and septic shock.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128462

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The aim of this investigaton was to study the beneficial role of low-dose heparin in peritonitis. Peritonitis was induced in 20 dogs by the technique of Rosato and co-authors, 10 of which received low-dose heparin subcutaneously for 5 days in a dose of 100 units/kg body weight. Decreased mortality as well as decrease in the formation of intra-abdominal abscesses and adhesions were observed in the heparin-treated dogs. Some of the possible underlying mechanisms for beneficial effects of heparin in peritonitis are discussed.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128463

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Arteriovenous shunts in rejecting rat kidneys were studied in vivo by injecting radiolabelled 15-µm microspheres into the graft artery 4–7 days after transplantation. Serum creatinine levels were measured and the transplants were examined microscopically. The radioactivity in the transplanted kidneys, lungs and the hind legs was recorded. A progressive increase in the amount of radioactivity found in the lungs started 5 days after allogenic transplantation but not after isotransplantation. Increased serum creatinine levels were first recorded on day 6 and focal necrosis or hemorrhages were not seen microscopically at any time. The results support the hypothesis that arteriovenous anastomoses are opened or created early as a part of the graft rejection process and not as a late consequence of tissue necros

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128464

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The synthesis of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in a partially ruptured gastrocnemius muscle were studied in 30 rats by giving a single 3H-labelled proline and 14C-labelled glucosamine injection intraperitoneally 2–21 days after a standard transverse contusion injury induced to the left calf of the animals. Both injured and contralateral uninjured gastrocnemius muscles were cut into four analogous 5-mm thick transverse pieces using the center of injury as a site for the middle incision in the injured muscle. The muscle slices were homogenized, dialyzed and then burned in a sample oxidizer which automatically divides the two radioisotopes into two different sample flasks. The radioactivities were measured using a liquid scintillation spectrometer. The content of glycosaminoglycans within the site of injury increased to a maximum 5 days after trauma, and decreased in amount thereafter. The uptake of 3H-proline indicating the synthesis of collagen was very low 5 days after trauma but increased to a maximum between the 10th and 14th day; more intensively in the proximal border of the injury than in the distal one. The uptake decreased again in amount 21 days after trauma. Burning of an in vivo radioactively labelled sample in a sample oxidizer provides a simple method in determination of the two radioactive isotopes as indicators of two main components of granulation and scar tissu

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128465

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of aprotinin on metabolic changes in blood of 23 patients undergoing Y-graft aortofemoral bypass operation was studied before clamping and after declamping. The right femoral artery was clamped for 122 ± 15 (–aprotinin) and 115 ± 10 min (aprotinin group), the left femoral artery 129 ± 27 (-aprotinin) and 159 ± 25 min (aprotinin group), respectively. Aprotinin caused a significant decrease of blood lactate, pyruvate, citrate and oxoglutarate levels compared with untreated controls, whereas acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations were significantly increased. It is hypothesized that blood lactate and pyruvate levels are lowered due to increased pyruvate oxidation. Limitation of citrate synthesis due to lack of oxaloacetate might explain subsequent formation of ketone

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128466

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger