摘要:

Small doses of subcutaneous heparin and infusions of dextran both reduce the incidence of fatal pulmonary embolism after elective general surgery. But both methods have disadvantages. Therefore, the protection against deep vein thrombosis afforded by sulfínpyrazone, a drug which can be taken by mouth as well as by injection, was assessed in a prospective study of 119 patients undergoing elective general or urological surgery. The prophylactic administration of sulfínpyrazone was compared with the effects of small doses of sodium heparin and infusions of dextran-70. The 125I-fibrinogen test was carried out in all patients during their hospitalization. Deep vein thrombosis was diagnosed in 13 of 30 patients (43%) who received sulfínpyrazone, in 9 of 29 (31%) receiving dextran-70 and in 2 of 22 (9%) having subcutaneous heparin. The difference between the sulfínpyrazone and heparin groups was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Sulfínpyrazone in the dose used in this trial was not effective in reducing the incidence of deep vein thrombosis during elective general sur

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127949

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Biochemical and hemodynamic changes during and after operation in a bloodless field have been investigated in 13 patients. The patients were athletes between the ages of 21 and 38 years who were healthy except for an inveterate ligament injury of the knee joint. Capillary blood flow in the tibialis anterior muscle was measured by the radioactive-Xenon-clearance technique. Fine plastic catheters for blood sampling were inserted into both femoral veins and into one radial artery. A significant increase in blood flow occurred immediately after release of the occlusion. After release of the tourniquet, there was a marked decrease in pH both in the venous blood draining the operated leg and in the arterial blood. 40 min after release of the tourniquet, there was still a significant decrease in base excess. An increase of venous pO2 in the blood draining the operated leg was observed after re-establishment of blood flow. The estimated oxygen consumption was increased in the operated leg the first 10 min after tourniquet release.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127950

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The development of postoperative peritoneal adhesions was studied in rats and rabbits, the frequency of adhesions in the experimental model used being very high. In the development of an adhesion, fibrin seems to be an important contributor to the bridge between different tissues. Dextran, which modifies the fibrin network and makes it more susceptible to lysis, was used as a possible prophylactic agent, but we found no difference between treated and control groups. It is concluded that the stimulus for fibrin formation in the peritoneal adhesions using this atraumatic model was too strong to be overcome by the normal fibrinolytic system. The anti-inflammatory reaction of hyaluronic acid did not diminish the frequency or degree of adhesions.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127951

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A rapid intravenous injection of ALG into splenectomized dogs induced an almost complete elimination of lymphocytes and an extensive but partly reversible thrombocytopenia during which platelets were trapped in the lung. During this trapping there was a significant decrease in arterial blood pressure, pulmonary blood volume and cardiac output concomitant with a marked increase in the portal pressure. The pulmonary arterial pressure remained unchanged. The hemodynamic effects are probably caused by a release of vasoactive substances which induced a decreased venous return from splanchnic pooling and stasis. Prostaglandins and histamine seem to play a dominant role, since Aspirin, promethazine and 48/80 markedly reduced the side-effects.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127952

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A high molecular weight component (HMC) of autolysate from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells was prepared. HMC was found to be immunogenic in dogs, inducing hemagglutinating antibody formation. Upon HMC challenge of immunized dogs, systemic anaphylactoid reactions were observed in 4/5 animals. The most prominent symptom was decreased cardiac output. Decrease in mean arterial pressure and increase in pulmonary arterial pressure were also observed. Consumption of total serum complement activity amounted to 22% of initial values. HMC also exhibited mitogenic activity in lymphocyte cultures from nonimmunized and immunized dogs. Since yeast autolysate is used as nitrogen source for Leuconostoc mesenteroides in the production of clinical B 512 dextran it is a theoretically possible trace contaminant of such solutions. Therefore, dogs hyperimmunized with HMC were also challenged with clinical dextran. No anaphylactoid signs were observed. These data suggest a negligible causal role of macromolecular contaminants derived from yeast cell autolysate in rare human anaphylactoid reactions following infusion of clinical dextran.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127953

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A transient arrest of arterial blood flow can be accomplished by intra-arterial injection of a new type of degradable microspheres. The effects of single and multiple injections of these microspheres into rat hepatic arteries were studied by measurement of fractional cardiac output distribution and 133Xe washout from the liver before and after embolization. Injection of these microspheres into the hepatic artery caused a significant but transient reduction of the arterial blood flow to the liver. Repetition of the injection several times over several days produced identical effects on each embolization. No signs of hepatic cell damage were detected after repeated embolization, as suggested by assay of the serum enzymes or the Brom-sulphalein retention test.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127954

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Parenchymal liver blood flow as reflected by the wash-out of intraparenchymally injected 133Xe was studied at different stages of total cholestasis in the dog. 248 registrations at 13 laparotomies in 6 mongrel dogs showed that extrahepatic cholestasis had no statistically significant influence on the blood flow as compared to normal. A review of the literature shows little harmony between the results of this and various other studies.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127955

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This work further validates the use of radiopaque epicardial marker motion for quantifying myocardial shortening in long duration follow-up studies. Mean velocity and extent of minor axis shortening were determined in 8 dogs filmed daily for 6–10 days postoperative. As an independent measure of contractility, peak dP/dt was also determined. A useful approximation to the mean ejection slope was developed which uses the end diastolic minor axis 50 msec after the Q wave, and end systolic minor axis 150 msec after the Q wave of the EC

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127956

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of warm ischemia on the transmembrane transport of potassium in dog kidney slices was studied by measurement of the uptake of 42K. The requirement for steady-state conditions concerning the intracellular potassium concentration was thereby studied. The total potassium content in the slices was found to be constant between 120 and 180 min incubation at both 25 and 37 °C. The cell water calculated from the total tissue water and 14C-inulin space in the dog kidney slices amounted to 38 ml · 100 g wet weight–1 at 37 °C and 45 ml · 100 g wet weight–1 at 25 °C and was found to remain constant for the incubation interval 120–180 min. The major part of the tissue uptake of 42K could be described by one single mono-exponential function under these conditions. The transmembrane influx at 37 °C calculated by using a modified Keynes formula amounted to 1.70 mmol K+ · kg wet weight–1 · min–1 after no warm ischemia and to 0.89 mmol K+ · kg wet weight–1 · min–1 after 2 h warm ischemia. The corresponding values for incubation at 25 °C were 1.26 and 0.77 mmol K+ · kg wet weight–1 · min–1, respectively. In the slices incubated at 25 °C, the potassium content was higher and the sodium content lower th

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127957

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000127958

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger