摘要:

(–) 15-Deoxyspergualin, originally discovered as an antitumoral drug, was shown to have different immunosuppressive effects, when pancreas and orthotopic allogeneic liver transplantations in rats were compared. In the strong rejection model dark agouti → Lewis (RTla → RT11) we could only show a minor immunosuppressive effect, as far as pancreaticoduodenal and pancreas segment transplantations are concerned: graft survival was prolonged by 9 days in pancreas segment allografts (p < 0.01) and by 6 days in pancreaticoduodenal allografts (p < 0.01), when recipients were treated by ten doses of 2.5 mg/kg deoxyspergualin. Pretreatment of recipients with 15-deoxyspergualin was not efficient. On the contrary, in orthotopic liver transplantation done by the cuff technique, a remarkable prolongation of allograft survival could be demonstrated: about half of the animals showed prolongation of allograft survival for more than 80 days, compared with about 11 days in the control group (p < 0.01). The substance is considered to be valuable for clinical applic

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128691

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Thirty-six splenectomized Sprague-Dawley rats with omental implants of splenic tissue were challenged with intravenous pneumococci. The mortality rate in this group was compared to 31 similarly challenged splenectomized and 28 normosplenic rats. The results showed that while rats with implanted splenic tissue had a better survival rate (p = 0.04) than splenectomized rats, their survival was poorer than that of rats with normal spleens (p = 0.02) (Fischer’s exact test

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128692

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Invivo dynamic 99mTc-HIDA scintigraphy was tested as a method for graft function monitoring after hepatocyte transplantation (HTX). Bilirubin uridyldiphosphate glucuronyl transferase-deficient rats received 107 viable isolated hepatocytes from congenic nondeficient donors by intrasplenic injection. The transplanted rats were divided into 2 groups. Three months after HTX, one group underwent 99mTc-HIDA scintigraphy, the other was subjected to bile analysis for the detection of bilirubin glucuronides (the presence of which would indicate biochemical activity of transplanted hepatocytes). Histological examination of the spleen of all animals was performed at the end of the experiment. The same experimental protocol was applied to 10 sham-treated enzyme-deficient rats serving as controls. The scintigraphic studies showed that spleens of transplanted rats did accumulate 99mTc-HIDA, this in contrast to sham-treated rats. Furthermore, time-activity curves of liver and spleen of HTX-treated rats showed similar kinetic patterns, suggesting a biologically normal function of the hepatocytes grafted in the spleen. Bilirubin glucuronides were excreted by transplanted rats, not by control rats. Histological examination of the spleen revealed hepatocyte survival in all HTX-treated rats. These findings demonstrated a correlation between increased splenic uptake of 99mTc-HIDA and biochemical activity and morphological survival of intrasplenic donor hepatocytes. In conclusion, in vivo dynamic 99mTc-HIDA scintigraphy appears to be an ideal method for noninvasive graft function monitoring after intrasplenic HTX.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128693

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This study was designed to determine the individual fatty-acid pattern in plasma and in two adipose tissue sites of rats submitted to portacaval shunt (PCS) using the button technique. The animals were studied both in a fed state and after a 48-hour fast. Glucose, ketone bodies (KB), lactate and pyruvate levels were also measured. The results of the shunted animals were compared with pair-fed and freely fed control groups. In PCS rats, plasma free fatty-acid (FFA) levels were not significantly higher than in freely fed controls. β-Hydroxybutyrate was significantly lower in PCS rats compared with both control groups. A 48-hour fast caused an elevation of plasma FFA and KB in all groups, but in PCS rats this increase was less pronounced. Lactate levels did not decrease during fasting in PCS rats, as they did in the control groups. PCS did not modify plasma FFA or the adipose tissue composition, neither in fed nor in fasted rats. We conclude that the PCS rats operated upon by using the button technique show mild modifications in lipid metabolism, affecting the fatty-acid composition neither in plasma FFA nor in adipose tissue

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128694

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A low platelet count is a common finding in liver cirrhosis. Clinical practice has shown that a variable number of cirrhotic patients in whom portasystemic shunting procedures have been performed does not recover from thrombocytopenia: this observation questions the role that portal hypertension may have in maintaining the low platelet count. We have previously described the appearance of thrombocytopenia in rats submitted to portacaval shunt 1 month after the operation. In the present study we have investigated a supposed protective influence of a good liver function in maintaining a normal thrombocytemia: 56 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: group A (15 rats) sham-operated; group B (16 rats) submitted to portacaval shunt (PCS); group C (17 rats) submitted to PCS plus arterialization of the portal stump by the right renal artery, and group D (8 rats) submitted to PCS plus right nephrectomy. Group B (PCS) and D (PCS plus right nephrectomy) showed a marked thrombocytopenia, whereas group A (sham-operated) and C (PCS plus liver arterialization) evidenced a normal platelet count. These results strongly support the hypothesis that a low platelet count can ensue during a chronic liver disease in the absence of portal hypertension and that restoration of the hepatic blood flow can prevent thrombocytopenia.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128695

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Perfusion of isolated rat lungs was previously found to induce edema formation, which was considered to be mediated by oxygen-free radicals as scavengers reduced the edema. In the present study we elaborated upon these findings by measuring products found by O2-radical generation. We measured reduced and oxidized glutathione as well as conjugated dienes as an estimate of lipid peroxidation. Amount of water was also measured. Perfusion with oxygenated dextran/Tyrode solution increased edema as compared to nonoxygenated dextran/Tyrode and to nonperfused control lungs. Induction of oxygen radical formation by addition of xanthine and xanthine oxidase to the nonoxygenated dextran/Tyrode perfusate significantly increased the amount of edema as measured by the percentage of water in the lung to 87.0% as compared to the control value of 78.2%. Addition of the radical scavenger superoxide dismutase and catalase to this perfusate prevented edema accumulation. Levels of conjugated dienes as well as those of reduced and oxidized glutathione in lung tissue were measured before the start of perfusion and after 5 and 30 min of perfusion. No significant changes were seen in any of these parameters, indicating that lipid peroxidation may not be a major factor contributing to the edema formation during perfusion of isolated lungs.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128696

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In order to evaluate the Argon laser-induced microthrombogenesis during prostacyclin (PGI2) infusion on newly formed microcirculation in the rabbit ear chamber, time-space parameters have been calculated in 118 observations subdivided into 4 groups according to the type and size of the vessels irradiated. The observations were carried out without drug treatment, with continuous infusion of pH 10.5 glycine buffer and with continuous infusion of PGI2 at the dosage of 125 ng·kg–1·•·min–1 diluted in the glycine buffer. The results indicated that during PGI2 infusion the size of the thrombus, measured by maximal thrombus area, was always significantly less extended than in untreated animals. Moreover, the number of emboli detached during the first 5 min after laser exposure, measured by rate of embolization, during PGI2 infusion in venules and in the larger arterioles was smaller than in untreated animals. The vasoconstriction which usually takes place in the arteriolar vessels -upstream and downstream from the irradiated site – was in no way modified by the infusion of PGI2. Finally, it was noted that glycine buffer infusion showed an unforeseen activity on laser-induced vascular

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128697

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The usefulness of an ultrasonic duplex system to assess portal blood flow was investigated. In a model involving a steady flow through a vinyl tube in agar, there was a significant linear correlation between the maximum blood flow velocity measured by this system (V-max) and the mean blood flow velocity calculated from the actually measured blood flow volume (V-mean), that is, V-mean = 0.53 × V-max was obtained (r = 0.994; n = 47). This equation was used to calculate the mean portal blood flow velocity by this system (V-dopp) in 10 patients with liver disease, and the findings were compared with data simultaneously obtained by cineangiographic mapping of Lipiodol droplets released into the portal vein through a catheter placed in situ at the time of surgery (V-cine). A linear correlation between V-dopp and V-cine was statistically significant (r = 0.970; n = 13), and the regression line was V-cine = 1.29 × V-dopp -2.11. The ultrasonic duplex system proved reliable for a quantitative assessment of portal hemodynamic

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128698

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An experimental end-to-end anastomosis of the common femoral artery was performed in 45 adult Wistar rats. The vessel wall condition was assessed at 10 min, 3 days, 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks following surgery by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The microsurgical procedure inflicts extensive trauma in all layers of the arterial wall, with a desendothelialization largely surpassing the surgical field. Reendothelialization was completed at 2 weeks. Apparently, and as compared to less damaging vessel wall manipulations, such deep medial and wide endothelial lesions do not retard vessel wall healing to normal functionality. Moreover, the formation of primary atherogenic structures by smooth muscle cell migration to the intima seems restricted.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128699

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger