摘要:

Intraperitoneal transplantation of hepatocytes encapsulated with calcium alginate gel produced a marked improvement in the survival rate (75%) of rats with D-galactosamine (D-gal)-induced acute hepatic failure (AHF) when compared to the rate of 50% in rats undergoing free hepatocyte transplantation (HCTX). The viability of encapsulated hepatocytes was still 70% at 36 h after transplantation, and a gradual improvement in the serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and total bilirubin values was observed after encapsulated HCTX. Moreover, the arterial blood ketone body ratio (AKBR) remained within the normal range for the whole period of the investigation (60 h after transplantation), and histological investigation of the liver at 36 h demonstrated only slight inflammatory cell infiltrates without hepatocellular necrosis. The phagocytic index rose immediately after encapsulated HCTX and remained high subsequently. A prostaglandin inhibitor, indomethacin, blocked the improvement in survival rate, serum GOT, and AKBR of rats with D-gal-induced AHF despite encapsulated HCTX. Furthermore, no increase in the phagocytic index was observed. Indomethacin apparently suppressed the activation of Kupffer cells by encapsulated HCTX, which then failed to improve the survival of rats with D-gal-induced acute hepatic failure. Our results indicate that the reticuloendothelial system seems to play an important role in the efficacy of encapsulated HCTX in rats with D-gal-induced AHF.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129278

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Intraoperative serial changes in systemic hemodynamic parameters and in the results of renal function tests were studied in 7 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LAP) in which intra-abdominal pressure was maintained at 12 mm Hg, and in 7 patients who underwent minilaparotomy cholecystectomy (MINI). No significant changes were observed in the parameters in the MINI group during the operation. However, urine output, effective renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate in the LAP group were decreased 60 min after initiation of pneumoperitoneum.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129279

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In order to explore the respective role of wound healing and suture material on metachronous carcinogenesis at colonic lines in rats, tumour yield was studied after the administration of a chemical carcinogen (azoxymethane) at the moment that in one group of rats most of the suture material was still present and crypt cell proliferation elevated, while in another group, no more suture material was present and crypt cell proliferation rate (CCPR) normalized at the anastomotic site. Azoxymethane (15 mg/kg/week, s.c, during 6 weeks) was administered in male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 105) 8 weeks after the creation of an anastomosis in the ascending and descending colon with either stainless steel sutures (group A, n = 30) or fast-absorption Vicryl (Vicryl Rapide®, group B, n = 30). A control group (group C, n = 30) underwent a sham laparotomy before the administration of azoxymethane, while the animals of a fourth group (group D, n = 15) were not operated upon and received no azoxymethane. Twenty-six weeks after the first injection of azoxymethane there was no significant difference in the total colo-rectal tumour yield in the three operated groups (A, B, C), but a significantly greater proportion of anastomotic tumours (28/68 vs. 13/88, p < 0.01)and more anastomotic tumours per rat (28/23 vs. 13/28, p = 0.01) as well as more rats with anastomotic tumours (16/23 vs. 11/28, p = 0.04) were found in the steel-sutured group (A), compared with the control group (C). No significant differences were observed in tumour distribution between the groups in which the anastomoses were carried out with Vicryl Rapide (B) and the control group (C). Thirty-six weeks after operation steel sutures were recovered in 30.4% (7/23) of the left-sided anastomoses and in only 8.7% (2/23) of the right-sided anastomoses. At that time, CCPR was significantly elevated in the left-sided anastomoses only, while the CCPR in the right-sided anastomoses was normal when compared with all the other groups (A, B, C and D). The present study showed a shift in the distribution of tumours towards the anastomotic sites at which suture material was present and the CCPR raised, at the moment of carcinogen administration, confirming the importance of the interaction of sutures with the mucosa in tumour formation. The actual elimination process of the suture material might influence the CCPR and act as a cocarcinogenic factor. In view of these observations, either the use of strictly inert suture material or the development of sutureless anastomotic techniques should be encouraged in the construction of colonic anastomoses

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129280

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We examined the effects of surgical trauma on polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) chemotaxis, production of phagocytosis-dependent intracellular chemiluminescence (CL) and production of phagocytosis-independent total CL in two groups: group A with esophageal cancer, and group B with gastric cancer. The scale of surgical trauma was quantified by measuring interleukin-6 in plasma and exudate from drainage tubes. We found a significant augmentation of chemotaxis, total CL and intracellular CL in both groups during the postoperative week. In group A, the increments in both chemotaxis and total CL of circulating cells were smaller than those in group B, but there was no significant difference in intracellular CL between the two groups. Exudate PMNs were more chemotactic, but produced smaller amounts of total CL than circulating cells. No significant difference in intracellular CL between exudate and circulating PMNs was detected, indicating that phagocytic activity was not affected. We conclude that severe surgical trauma causes ciruclating PMNs with high chemotactic activity to migrate to sites of injury, but that preactivated PMNs in exudate examined in vitro produce lower amounts of reactive oxygen metabolites in response to soluble chemoattractants in vitro than cells circulating in plasma.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129281

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Hot air coagulation (HAC) was tested directly on small isolated bleeding vessels, in comparison with two conventional methods of electrosurgical haemostasis, to assess haemostasis and histological damage. Eighty rats, divided into nine experimental and one control group, were used to carry out bipolar (BC) and monopolar coagulation (MC) and HAC at three different output powers, on sectioned and bleeding femoral arteries and veins. Haemorrhages were controlled by the minimum time of coagulation necessary to stop them. Four animals in each group were studied immediately after coagulation, and 4 a week after coagulation. Vascular closures induced by HAC were observed to be as safe as electrosurgical closures, and no complications such as secondary haemorrhage were found. The degree of histological damage and postoperative regeneration induced by HAC was more similar to BC than to MC.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129282

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We established a xenotransplanted human colon cancer strain, TK-3, which produces urokinase-type plasminogen activator (U-PA) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) simultaneously. Immunohistochemical staining of U-PA revealed that U-PA was located in the cytoplasm of cancer cells. Using TK-3, we investigated whether the tissue level of U-PA changed when the tumor proliferated locally. The mice were divided into three groups: mice of group A, B and C were sacrificed at 4, 5 and 6 weeks after tumor inoculation, respectively. The tissue level of U-PA was 0.78 ± 0.183 ng/mg protein in group A, 0.95 ± 0.189 in group B and 1.13 ± 0.311 in group C. The values of groups B and C increased significantly compared with those of group A, and the tumor weight in each group showed a similar increase. The level of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 also increased (0.14 ± 0.078 ng/mg protein in group A, 0.17 ± 0.096 in group B, 0.24 ± 0.172 in group C). On the other hand, the tissue level of CEA did not change significantly (78 µg/g tissue in group A, 88 in group B, 76 tissue in group C), and no correlation was observed between the tissue levels of U-PA and CEA. These results suggest that U-PA plays an important role not only in metastasis, but also in local tumor proliferation, and that its biological action in the autocrine system is independent

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129283

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To determine the compliance of experimental arterial grafts and its chronic adaptation after implantation, a new device for measurements was developed which is combined with implantable sensors. The system is based on the physical induction phenomenon. Each sensor comprises two small coils of copper wire which are sutured opposite to each other to the arterial vessel. Up to 3 sensors are adapted to one electrical connector which can be covered subcutaneously. The device is able to read pulsatile diameter excursions of arterial vessels down to 0.02 mm. It was applied first to evaluate the elastic properties of a 4-mm dialdehyde-starch-preserved bovine internal mammary artery implanted in the canine femoral artery position. For comparison an ePTFE graft was used. At implantation the compliance of the biograft was calculated to be 0.028 ± 0.009% mm Hg–1, which was half of the compliance of the native femoral artery (0.06 ± 0.0025% mm Hg–1), but superior if compared to the PTFE (0.008 ± 0.005% mm Hg–1). Within 6 months the compliance of the femoral artery decreased to 0.039 ± 0.013% mm Hg–1, which was well matched now to the compliance of the biograft (0.027 ± 0.005% mm Hg

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129284

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To assess the effect of Carolina rinse solution on the renal graft function after cold ischemic storage in the University of Wisconsin solution for 48 h, canine renal transplantation was performed. Survival rate was higher in the kidneys rinsed with Carolina rinse solution (4 of 5, 80%) than that of kidneys rinsed with lactate Ringer’s solution (0 of 5, 0%). Postoperative serum creatinine level on day 2 was significantly lower in the Carolina group (3.48 ± 0.47 mg/dl) than that in the Ringer group (5.60 ± 0.68 mg/dl) (p < 0.01). All of the grafts in the Carolina group functioned immediately. Whereas, in the Ringer group, none of the grafts functioned postoperatively. Histologically, severe renal damage was observed in the kidneys perfused by lactate Ringer’s solution. On the other hand, the damage to the grafts was minimal in the Carolina group. With immunohistochemical staining using factor-VIII-related antigen, the glomeruli were more severely damaged in the kidneys perfused by lactate Ringer’s solution than by Carolina rinse solution. The present study showed that Carolina rinse solution was effective in the prevention of the kidney graft damage from reperfusion

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129285

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The aim of this experimental study was to measure the rupture stress point of a fibrin clot situated on a liver, in realistic surgical conditions. The experimental method was carried out with a machined wooden cylinder bonded on the liver, connected with a wire to a setup and pulled at a constant speed, and a sensor was placed on the wire measuring the applied strength. This method, realized in the dog, made it possible to validate a precise and reproducible method designed for testing the adhesive characteristics of biological sealant-collagen bonding on the liver.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129286

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger