摘要:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of cyclosporin A (CyA) in prolonging graft survival after orthotopic porcine liver transplantation in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) mismatched couples. CyA was given intramuscularly for a period of 21 days, starting on the day before transplantation. In order to study the fate of the graft, frequent liver biopsies and blood samples were taken after transplantation. 4 pigs received CyA at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day, and 10 animals were treated with 20 mg/kg CyA per day. In the low-dose group 1 pure plasma cellular rejection was noted, while the grafts of 2 pigs showed a transient plasma cellular infiltration in the portal tract. By doubling the dose, only 1 out of 10 animals rejected the liver graft. The livers of the other 9 animals did not show any noteworthy histological sign of rejection, and also the liver function tests were normal. Total serum bile acids and routine liver function tests remained undisturbed in animals that accepted the MLC-mismatched graft and increased in cases of rejection. No nephrotoxicity was noted due to CyA treatment. The main complications encountered were infections leading to death in 4 CyA-treated pigs, while the liver graft was functioning well. Short-term treatment with CyA can overcome the rejection of a MLC-mismatched porcine liver graft and induces a state of long-term acceptance.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128428

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

With monoclonal antibody reacting with both human and porcine Ia antigens, we demonstrate with immunoperoxidase staining that Ia expressing endothelial cells are found in Langerhans’ islets as well as in exocrine tissue of the pig and human pancreas. However, neither endocrine cells in Langerhans’ islets nor acinar or ductal cells do express the Ia anti

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128429

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

15 mongrel dogs receiving allografts were treated with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG; 20 mg/kg b.w. daily). The kinetics and distribution of inflammatory cells invading the transplant were analyzed by transplant aspiration cytology. Only transplant aspiration cytology enables one to observe the direct influence of ALG within the grafts themselves. Although a low-potency ALG was used, ALG-treated animals showed a significant long-term suppression of the in situ inflammation of lymphocytes (p < 0.05) and lymphoblasts (p < 0.05) during the entire experimental period. Other leucocyte populations were influenced to a lesser degree. This in situ reduction combined with a significant prolongation of graft function (p < 0.001) establishes the beneficial effect of ALG in suppressing cell-mediated immune responses in renal allografts.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128430

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The use of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) as skin test agent was investigated. The test was performed in 42 healthy individuals and in 32 patients with malignant disease undergoing surgery. To establish immunosuppression in the direct postoperative period 15 patients undergoing cholecystectomy were tested sequentially. All healthy adults had a positive delayed response. No systemic or permanent local reactions were encountered. In healthy adults the PHA skin test had no influence on the in vitro PHA blastogenesis, the number of leukocytes, lymphocytes and E-rosette-forming cells. A reversion of the immunosuppressed state to normal in some cancer patients upon surgery was substantiated as well. The PHA skin test is an easy and a reliable method to give an impression of the immune response of surgical patients. It has many advantages above the commonly employed primary and secondary antigens.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128431

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The consequences of administrations of A-O-incompatible blood transfusions during porcine orthotopic liver transplantations (OLT) are described. Two series, both subjected to the same standard procedure except for the administration of compatible or incompatible blood, are compared. The striking differences in peroperative and direct post-operative morbidity, mortality, and causes of death between the two series are presented. Although not generally applied, blood transfusions in experimental surgery should undergo the same precautionary measures as blood transfusions in humans.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128432

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Anaesthesiological experiences are described with 103 porcine orthotopic liver transplantations. The animals were operated in neurolept anaesthesia. After premedication and induction, fentanyl and pancuronium were administered as a continuous infusion until hepatectomy was completed. Haemodynamic and metabolic changes during the procedure were monitored. Metabolic acidosis should be avoided by administration of sodium bicarbonate before declamping. Corrections of alterations in serum electrolytes and in blood glucose levels seem to be unnecessary. These above-mentioned observations have led to a safe anaesthetic procedure and management in experimental orthotopic liver transplantation.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128433

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To determine whether interstitial pulmonary edema occurs or not in experimental cirrhotic rats, male Sprague-Dawley rats were given carbon tetrachloride subcutaneously in order to induce liver cirrhosis. The percent lung water content of the cirrhotic rats increased to 79.1 ± 0.7% compared to 77.4 ± 0.9% in control rats (p < 0.001). Microscopically, 8 of 10 cirrhotic rats show the pulmonary interstitial thickening with lymphocytic infiltration. Moreover, perivascular edema with dilatation of lymphatics was frequently recognized. This suggested that fluid retention of pulmonary interstitial tissue would occur in the cirrhotic rats, and then perivascular edema would compress the small airways of the lung in cirrhotic rat

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128434

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Good agreement was obtained when measuring total (capillary) blood flow in 9 rabbit thighs using two different techniques. The 133Xenon washout technique yielded a mean value of 8.0 cm3·min–1 · 100 g tissue–1 whilst the microsphere technique gave a mean value of 7.8 cm3·min–1 · 100 g tissue-1. There was a significant correlation (r = 0.83, p < 0.006). In a further 14 rabbit thighs an attempt was made to measure skin blood flow by washout of 85Kr and to compare it with the microsphere technique. 133Xe promises to be a useful tracer for measuring lower limb flow when introduced intra-arterially. Because 85Kr tends to underestimate skin blood flow, and because of problems of diffusion of the tracer between compartments, which are discussed, this tracer is not satisfactory as a technique for measuring skin b

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128435

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

96 patients with ‘typical’ symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux were studied by means of combined gastric and esophageal pH monitoring. The aim was to assess the incidence of ‘alkaline’ and ‘mixed’ gastroesophageal reflux episodes as well as ‘acid’ reflux and their reciprocal relationship with esophagitis. ‘Alkaline’ gastroesophageal reflux was defined whenever the pH in the esophagus rose above 7, but only when there was a simultaneous or immediately previous rise of gastric pH to similar alkaline values resulting from duodenogastric reflux. ‘Mixed’ gastroesophageal reflux was defined whenever the pH in the esophagus dropped to 5.5–4.5, but only when there was a simultaneous or immediately previous rise of gastric pH above 4 related to duodenogastric reflux. Our data suggest that ‘alkaline’ gastroesophageal reflux is a rare phenomenon while ‘mixed’ gastroesophageal reflux episodes are present in 21% of these patients. 87% of patients with mixed reflux had esophagitis. Until analytical studies of refluxed material are available to clarify its composition, combined gastric and esophageal pH monitoring seems a useful test to correctly interpret the ‘alkaline

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128436

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128437

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger