摘要:

To examine the role of cellular and humoral (serotonin, histamine) changes of blood after contact with foreign surfaces in the production of pulmonary injury, homologous whole blood (WB), leukocyte-poor blood (LPB) and leukocyte- and platelet-poor blood (LPPB) were perfused through the isolated rabbit lung or recirculated through the perfusion circuit without lung. Perfusion with WB was accompanied by an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and deterioration of pulmonary gas exchange function within 60 min. Microscopic examination of WB-perfused lung revealed perivascular and alveolar hemorrhage, edema and microaggregates. Morphometrically, pulmonary arteries and arterioles exhibited narrowed vascular lumina and thickened muscular walls, indicating precapillary vasoconstriction as a primary event underlying the observed pathological changes. With LPPB or LPB no significant functional or morphological changes were seen. Granulocytes, which were sequestered by the isolated lung, represent an essential factor in eliciting significant pulmonary damage. No direct damaging effects of serotonin or histamine could be demonstrated in the absence of white blood cells.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128079

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1979

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This study was meant to elucidate in an animal model the results found in a clinical retrospective study, where a higher incidence of graft failure occurred when anticonvulsant therapy was given to patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy after kidney transplantation. Kidney and heart allograft survival times were compared in four groups of rats receiving prednisolone, phenobarbital, prednisolone/phenobarbital and no treatment, respectively. Administration of phenobarbital almost abolished the effect of prednisolone treatment on heart as well as kidney allograft survival time. Treatment with phenobarbital alone resulted in a statistically significant shorter survival of the kidney-transplanted animals. Prednisolone plasma levels observed in rats after simultaneous treatment with prednisolone and phenobarbital is significantly shorter than in those rats treated with prednisolone alone. The results suggest that phenobarbital reduces the immunosuppressive effect of exogenous prednisolone as well as endogenous corticosteroids on allograft survival.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128080

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1979

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Palladium-109-hematoporphyrin (Pd-H) contains a β-emitting isotope which when concentrated in the reticuloendothelial system causes total lymphoid and central bone marrow ablation. There is full recovery of tissue and blood cellularity within 60 days of its administration. A sublethal dose of Pd-H with a short course of rabbit antirat lymphocyte globulin results in specific tolerance to rat heart allografts across a minor histocompabihty barrier and significant prolongation of heart allografts across a major histocompatibility difference. Specific tolerance to donor strain was demonstrated by the acceptance of Fisher skin or heart by long-term Lewis recipients carrying old Fisher hearts (over 150 days) while they rapidly rejected ACI skin or heart allografts. The systemic irradiation with Pd-H in this study is as effective in immunosuppression as 800 rad total body irradiation and leads to no animal mortality

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128081

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1979

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Brown Norway rats received heterotopic (WF/BN) X F1 heart transplants. Functional graft survival time (FST) was 10.0 ± 0.5 days. When the highest tolerable daily dose of methotrexate (25 µg/kg) was given, FST was 26.2 ± 5.6 days. When the highest tolerable dose of methotrexate with ‘folinic acid rescue’ (175 µg/kg) was administered, the FST was found to be 25.3 ± 11.0 days. Folinic acid given between daily methotrexate doses diminished the toxicity of the latter drug but also its therapeutic transplant-protective effectiveness. Methotrexate alone given in multiple nontoxic doses proved to be a strong and safe transplant-protective immunosuppressi

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128082

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1979

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Cat small intestines were perfused for 48 h under hypothermia (4–8 °C) with a buffered salt-albumin solution. Mucosal lesions developed with subepithelial edema and villous desquamation and corresponding cellular dysfunction. The morphological changes correlated to a decrease in the content of adenosine triphosphate of the intestine and a release of intracellular enzymes to the perfusate and the intestinal secretions. The change in enzymatic activity was most pronounced for alkaline phosphatase. Determination of adenosine triphosphate of the intestine together with cellular enzymes of the perfusate and the intestinal secretions should be considered a rapid and reliable method to assess the degree of cellular damage during hypothermic perfusi

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128083

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1979

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The necrolytic activity of bromelain was tested on 3rd degree burns in rats. Using a 35% concentration of the enzyme in a lipid base, complete and selective debridement was observed within 24 h. No general side effects due to systemic toxicity were observed. Histologically, local damage to the adjacent unburned tissue could be excluded. The combination of the enzyme with local antimicrobial agents did reveal complete inhibition of bromelain by PVP iodine, whereas no significant decrease of the enzymatic effectivity was caused by 1% silver sulfadiazine or 1% gentamycin.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128084

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1979

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of two diets of differing dietary fibre on the morphology of rat colons have been studied. There was a difference in weight between the colons of the two groups, the high-fibre colons being significantly heavier (p < 0.001). Histological examination of the colons revealed that the high-fibre colons were of increased thickness and this was made up of an increase in both mucosal and smooth muscle thickness. It is concluded that a high-fibre diet rather than a fibre-free diet produces circular muscle hypertrophy and hence raises doubts as to the actual method by which a low-fibre diet initiates the development of diverticular disease.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128085

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1979

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Amino acid incorporation into liver proteins was studied with an in vitro method during and after a short-term hepatic artery ligation (HAL) in the dog. The incorporation of amino acids into liver proteins was linear for up to 4 h of incubation. An optimal incorporation rate was found with the leucine concentration used in the medium. After 1 h of HAL, the incorporation rate was 58% (p < 0.01) of the initial value. After reopening the hepatic artery, the incorporation rate significantly increased and was 75% of the initial value 120 min after the HAL period. No changes in the concentration of potassium or liver enzymes in peripheral, portal or hepatic venous blood were seen during the experiments. It is concluded that the method used to study the incorporation of amino acids into liver proteins is a sensitive tool in evaluating the metabolic effects of a short-term HAL.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128086

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1979

数据来源: Karger