ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Putzke JD, Richards JS: Nursing home residence: quality of life among individuals with spinal cord injury.Am J Phys Med Rehabil2001;80:404–409.ObjectiveTo examine the quality of life among individuals with spinal cord injury currently living in a nursing homevs.community residence.DesignA case-control design matched nursing home and community residents on numerous demographic and medical characteristics. Two groups of 37 individuals (nursing homevs.community residents) were matched case-for-case on age (i.e., within 10 yr), education, gender, race, marital status, and impairment level. Etiology of spinal cord injury, American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Index at the time of rehabilitation discharge, and injury duration, although not specifically matched, were not significantly different between groups (P> 0.05). Outcome measures included the Satisifaction With Life Scale, and the Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique (CHART).ResultsResults indicated that overall self-reported quality of life was significantly lower among nursing home residents compared with matched community-dwelling residents (mean = 18 and 14, respectively). Similarly, self-reported handicap was significantly higher among the nursing home residents compared with community residents (mean = 337 and 181, respectively), particularly in the areas of physical independence, mobility, occupational functioning, and economic self-sufficiency (P< 0.05). In contrast, the score on the CHART social integration subscale was similar across groups (P> 0.05).ConclusionDespite matching numerous variables, the nursing home residents demonstrated significantly lower quality of life across multiple domains as compared with their community-dwelling counterparts. Additional research is needed to examine the specific mechanisms associated with these differences.

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Özdemir F, Birtane M, Tabatabaei R, Ekuklu G, Kokino S: Cognitive evaluation and functional outcome after stroke.Am J Phys Med Rehabil2001;80:410–415.ObjectiveTo investigate the initial overall cognitive ability and its components as a predictor of functional improvement and ambulation during rehabilitation. Initial cognitive status is widely known to be a predictive factor in functional recovery in patients with stroke although some reports have found no such relationship.DesignBaseline cognitive status was scored by Minimental State Examination and its subsections with such headings as “orientation,” “registration,” “attention and calculation,” “recall,” and “language” in 43 patients with postacute stroke, aged between 51 and 68 yr. Function was evaluated in terms of motor FIMTMand functional ambulation as categorized in “Adapted Patient Evaluation and Conference System” functional scale at the time of admission and discharge.ResultsOnly total baseline Minimental State Examination score showed a significant correlation with discharge motor FIM improvement (r= 0.31,P= 0.04) and baseline orientation score correlated significantly with functional ambulation score improvement (r= 0.31,P= 0.03). In stepwise linear regression model, the same variables had an effect on similar outcome parameters.ConclusionsCognitiveion evaluation should be taken as a whole to predict functional outcome in patients with postacute stroke, except for the baseline orientation score that seemed more predictive for ambulation.

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Botwin KP, Gruber RD, Bouchlas CG, Torres-Ramos FM, Hanna A, Rittenberg J, Thomas SA: Complications of fluoroscopically guided caudal epidural injections.Am J Phys Med Rehabil2001;80:416–424.ObjectivesTo assess the incidence of complications of fluoroscopically guided caudal epidural injections.DesignA retrospective cohort design study in which chart review was performed on patients, who presented with radiculopathy and received fluoroscopically guided caudal epidural steroid injections. All injections were performed consecutively over a 12-mo period. An independent observer reviewed medical charts, which included a 24-hr post procedure telephone call by an ambulatory surgery center nurse, who asked a standardized questionnaire about complications after the injections. Physician follow-up office notes 1 to 3 wk after injection along with epidurograms were reviewed.ResultsThe charts of 139 patients, who received 257 injections, were reviewed. Complications per injection included 12 episodes of insomnia the night of the injection (4.7%), 9 transient nonpositional headaches that resolved within 24 hr (3.5%), 8 increased back pain (3.1%), 6 facial flushing (2.3%), 2 vasovagal reactions (0.8%), 2 episodes of nausea (0.8%), and 1 increased leg pain (0.4%). No dural punctures occurred.ConclusionsNo major complications occurred. The incidence of minor complications was 15.6% per injection. All reactions resolved without morbidity and no patient required hospitalization.

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Slipman CW, Lipetz JS, Plastaras CT, Jackson HB, Vresilovic EJ, Lenrow DA, Debra L. Braverman DL: Fluoroscopically guided therapeutic sacroiliac joint injections for sacroiliac joint syndrome.Am J Phys Med Rehabil2001;80:425–432.ObjectiveTo investigate the outcomes resulting from the use of fluoroscopically guided therapeutic sacroiliac joint injections in patients with sacroiliac joint syndrome.DesignA retrospective study design with independent clinical review was utilized. Thirty-one patients were included; each patient met specific physical examination criteria and failed to improve clinically after at least 4 wk of physical therapy. Each patient demonstrated a positive response to a fluoroscopically guided diagnostic sacroiliac joint injection. Therapeutic sacroiliac joint injections were administered in conjunction with physical therapy. Outcome measures included Oswestry scores, Visual Analog Scale pain scores, work status, and medication usage.ResultsPatients’ symptom duration before diagnostic injection averaged 20.6 mo. An average of 2.1 therapeutic injections was administered. Follow-up data collection was obtained at an average of 94.4 wk. A significant reduction (P= 0.0014) in Oswestry disability score was observed at the time of follow-up. Visual Analog Scale pain scores were reduced (P< 0.0001) at the time of discharge and at follow-up. Work status was also significantly improved at the time of discharge (P= 0.0313) and at follow-up (P= 0.0010). A trend (P= 0.0645) toward less drug usage was observed.ConclusionsThese initial findings suggest that fluoroscopically guided therapeutic sacroiliac joint injections are a clinically effective intervention in the treatment of patients with sacroiliac joint syndrome. Controlled, prospective studies are necessary to further clarify the role of therapeutic injections in this patient population.

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Milgrom C, Miligram M, Simkin A, Burr D, Ekenman I, Finestone A: A home exercise program for tibial bone strengthening based on in vivo strain measurements.Am J Phys Med Rehabil2001;80:433–438.ObjectiveTo compare the strain and strain rates generated during lower limb calisthenics with walking, an exercise that has been found to have only minimal effect on bone mass. Strengthening of bone, while it still has adaptive ability, can be achieved by exercise. Mechanical loading during physical activity produces strains and strain rates within the bones. It is thought that strain and strain rates higher than the usual provide the stimulus for the bones’ adaptation.DesignThree strain-gauged bone staples were inserted percutaneously in a 30° rosette pattern in the medial aspect of the midtibial diaphysis of two volunteers. The principal compression, tension, shear strains, and strain rates were measured during various lower limb calisthenics and compared with those of jogging and walking.ResultsZig-zag hopping was in the grouping of exercises with the highest principal compression, tension, and shear strains and compression strain rates, whereas walking was in the lowest or next-to-the-lowest grouping for all principal strain or strain rates.ConclusionZig-zag hopping, based on the high strain and strain rates that it produces, may be an optimal tibial bone-strengthening exercise.

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID