摘要:

SummaryBlack rhinos in Luangwa Valley, Zambia have been subjected to heavy illegal hunting since the late 1970s. A study population monitored by individual recognition decreased at an instantaneous rate of ‐ 0.29 yr‐1between 1981 and 1985. Two‐thirds of skulls found throughout Luangwa Valley between 1979 and 1985 were axed, indicating death from poaching. All age‐ and sex‐classes of rhino were equally susceptible to being shot, presumably due to the high market‐price of

ISSN:0141-6707    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1988.tb00969.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis paper describes the habitat preferences of small rodents and shrews from April 1984 to March 1985 in four types of vegetation in a lowland rain forest zone of Nigeria. The vegetation types were high forest, scrub, farmlands and teak plantations in Ogba Forest Reserve, Nigeria.A collection of 359 small mammals, consisting of six species of small rodents and four species of shrews, was made in the study area. The small rodents and their percentage composition wereMus musculoides(26.2%),Praomys tullbergi(16.2%),Mastomys natalensis(7.0%),Lophuromys sikapusi(4.5%),Lemniscomys striatus(2.5%), andArvicanthis niloticus(1.1%). The shrews wereCrocidura nigeriae(19.5%),C. crossei(12.3%),C.grandiceps(7.8%) andC. ftavescens manni(3.1%).The vegetational distribution of the small rodents and shrews is discussed. In the high forest, seven species of small mammals were caught; these wereCrocidura nigeriae, C. crossei, C.grandiceps, C.flavescens manni, Mus musculoides, Praomys tullbergiandLophuromys sikapusi. Mus musculoides, Crocidura nigeriaeandPraomys tullbergiwere more abundant in the high forest.All the species of small mammals recorded in the study area, exceptArvicanthis niloticus, were found in the scrub. In the farmlands, all ten species of small mammals were trapped.Mus musculoideswas the commonest species in the farmlands. Three species of shrews,Crocidura crossei, C. grandicepsandC.flavescens manni, and also two species of small rodents,Mus musculoidesandMastomys natalensiswere caught in the teak plantation.The reproductive data forMus musculoides, Crocidura nigeriaeandPraomys tullbergishow that breeding in these species occurs throughout most months of the year. Fecundity appears to be maximal in the wet season inMus musculoidesandCrocidura nigeriaeand in the dry season in the caseof Praomys tullbergi.

ISSN:0141-6707    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1988.tb00970.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFive populations of baobab trees in Zambia, Sudan, Mali, Kenya and Tanzania were measured to establish distribution of girth size classes. Absolute growth rates from rings or from empirical observations in each area were used to convert size into age classes. Baobab populations appear to be much younger than has generally been believed and only very few trees live to ages in excess of 400 years. Instantaneous mortality rates vary from 1 1 to 3–7% per year in the different areas. A lack of recruitment to the youngest age classes is caused by elephants in some areas but land‐use changes due to increasing human populations and increased domestic animal numbers may also be responsible for low recruitment rates in other ar

ISSN:0141-6707    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1988.tb00971.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAge determination methods using teeth are described for African buffalo in Matusadona National Park, Kariba, Zimbabwe. Tooth eruption stages and age classes for sub‐adult animals were established by reference to a seasonal breeding peak and known dates of death. Teeth in adult animals were allocated age classes based on wear using measurements of crown height and by reference to previously published material. Layering in the dental cement indicated the deposition of one cementum line per annum and line counts were used to assign chronological ages to individual animals. Regressions of wear on age were confirmed by independent counts of cementum lines using a predictive wear mode

ISSN:0141-6707    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1988.tb00972.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMaxillae of 34 West African buffaloSyncerus caffer brachyceroswere collected from three sites in Burkina Faso, West Africa, and age determined from tooth appearance and the enamel height of M1 according to the criteria of Grimsdell (1973) for Ugandan buffaloSyncerus caffer caffer.Good agreement between the two methods was found. Ground and decalcified sections were prepared from M1 and the interradicular cementum lines counted. Although this gave inconsistent results in terms of assumed age compared with the other two methods, it is concluded that agreement was sufficiently close to suggest that the rate of attrition with age was similar in both populations.

ISSN:0141-6707    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1988.tb00973.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryHabitat subdivision and resource partitioning of the birds of the evergreen high forest of the southern Cape are investigated. Most species utilize a wide stratal range with insectivores predominating in the lower strata and mixed‐feeders and frugivores in the upper strata. Members of the respective foraging guilds used a different stratum or were separated by differences in morphology or mass, suggesting different sized prey and limited competitio

ISSN:0141-6707    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1988.tb00974.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Gastro intestinal helminths and food of the African hedgehogAtelexia albiventris(Wagna) in the Kainji Lake area of Nigeria

ISSN:0141-6707    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1988.tb00975.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:The Natural Historv of Antelopes By C. A. Spinage.Shorter noticesTowards Hazard Assessment: Properties and Effects of Endosulphan Applied Sequentially as Drift Spray for Tsetse Fly Control by R. J. Douthwaite.WWF Yearbook 1985/86, Ed. by Cassandra Philips.Evolutionary Biology (Second Edition) by D. J. Futuyma.Community Ecology: Patterns and Process, Ed. by J. Kikkawa&D. J. Anderson.Tropical Ecology by D. E. Pomeroy&M. W. Service (with contributions by J. K. E. Egunjobi&N. Dickinson).Our Common Future: A Reader's Guide by D. Hinrischen.Kora: An Ecolgical Inventory of'the Kora Nuriontal Reserve, Kenya, Ed. by M. Coe&N. M. CollinsColonisation, Succession and Stability, Ed. by A. J. Gray, M. J. Crawley&P. J Edwards.Mediterranean Marine. Avifauna: Population Studies.r and Conservation, Ed. By MEDMARAVIS&X. Monbailliu.

ISSN:0141-6707    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1988.tb00976.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY