摘要:

SummaryA population of approximately 100 banded mongooses living in six packs was studied for over 2 years in Rwenzori National Park, Uganda. The packs were relatively stable, cohesive social units composed of approximately equal numbers of males and females and varied in size from six to thirty‐five adults and subadults.Breeding was synchronized within the packs with several females producing their litters at approximately the same time. The packs bred up to four times per year. Mortality of animals over 6 months old was approximately 10% annually. Less than 50% of juveniles survived to the age of 3 months.The banded mongoose feeds primarily on invertebrates, particularly millipedes and beetles. Ants, crickets, termites and earwigs are also important elements of the diet. Vertebrate remains were found in 12% of the droppings analysed. Although the pack forages as a unit each individual finds its own food.The mean home range size of five of the packs was 80‐4 ha; the two largest packs had ranges exceeding 1 km2. The banded mongoose is strictly diurnal typically leaving a den in the hour following sunrise and returning a few minutes before sunset with a prolonged rest during the heat of the day. Dens were in termite mounds (usually in thicket clumps), erosion gullies, aardvark holes and occasionally in man‐made structures. Most were used for only a few days and then abandoned but a few preferred dens were occupied for periods up to 54 days and re‐used repeatedly.Interactions between packs were aggressive and appeared to function in spacing the packs. The result of an encounter depended upon pack size with larger packs dominating smaller ones; the area of occurrence did not appear to affect the outcome. Mating between packs was observed during aggressive encounters.Group life is of adaptive significance in protecting the individual from predators and in care of the young. The pack bunches around young mongooses when disturbed and also bunches to attack certain predators and competitors. One or more adults remain at the den to guard the young when the pack

ISSN:0141-6707    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1975.tb00125.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWarthog were captured at holes in which they sleep at night, using a tunnel shaped net which was set at the entrance to occupied holes at dawn. Construction of the net and the manner in which it was set are described. The results of 125 successful captures involving 426 warthog are presented. Percentage of successful capture days was 72%, success per hole attempted was 68% with a mean (± one S.D.) of 3–4±2‐0 warthog captured per hole. The largest single catch was of eleven warthog. Mortality due to capture was 1–2%. Times at which holes were blocked, times spent waiting for warthog to emerge and times taken to handle catches are also presented. The method proved to be safe and no injuries were incurred by members of the catching team which usually comprised twelve to fifteen men. The technique was used primarily to mark animals for later identification but was also used successfully as a management tool. No tranquillizing or immobilizing drugs were used on captured animals. Alternative techniques for catching warthog are discussed

ISSN:0141-6707    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1975.tb00126.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwo aerial sample counts were carried out in Ruaha National Park, Tanzania, in the dry season of 1972 and the wet season of 1973. Population estimates of elephant, buffalo and other large mammals were made, and trend surface analysis was used to identify the basic gradients and contours of density, diversity and biomass within the Park. A cluster analysis, based on similarities between principal component scores, and validated by a multiple discriminant analysis, produced a classification of the Park into three Regions which differed significantly in densities, diversity and biomass.Ruaha Park carries year round a high density of elephants (1–7 km‐8). Seasonal movements into and out of the Park were not found, although movements within and between Regions could be detec

ISSN:0141-6707    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1975.tb00127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0141-6707    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1975.tb00128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0141-6707    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1975.tb00129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0141-6707    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1975.tb00130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0141-6707    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1975.tb00131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY