摘要:

The convergence characteristics of the borehole in tar sand are described by means of a nonlinear equation of state. The geometrical model of a cylindrical cavity was taken as a basis. The viscoelastic behavior of tar sand was investigated with the use of Burger's rheological model. The rheological constants were determined by means of creep tests on original tar sands. The model thus developed was used to investigate the contraction ofwellbore under different bottomhole conditions. The most unfavorable case thereby observed does not pose a serious problem from the point of practical consideration.

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908319208908722

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Ignition, quenching, reignition, and consolidation characteristics of high-grade natural Athabasca oil sands when subjected to hot, low-velocity gaseous streams are established. The laboratory tests were conducted using spherical samples of the oil sands in streams of the combustion products of very lean mixtures of hydrogen and air over a temperature range of 630 to 760°C and at atmospheric pressure. Various quenching schemes and rates were employed, the high-temperature spontaneous ignition and/or reignition delay and total burning time, as well as mass losses, were established. Effective activation energies for fresh and prequenched “modified” oil sands samples were then determined. Microstructural changes and sample consolidation behavior were also examined and compared with those observed when the samples were exposed to electrically heated pure air streams under identical conditions.

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908319208908723

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The present and future demand and use of energy in Australia is reviewed, with consideration of natural gas, liquid fuels, coal, nuclear energy, synfuels, and renewables. The impact of energy on the economy and concerns related to the environment are expected to promote cleaner and more efficient energy systems.

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908319208908724

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A mathematical model for a photovoltaic (PV) solar-powered water pumping system has been developed. It takes into account the effect of solar intensity and temperature on the power generated by the PV array, the torque-speed characteristics of the dc motor, the head-discharge characteristics of the pump, and the hydraulic losses in the pipeline. A computer program simulates the performance of the system under a specified solar condition by computing a series of quasi-steady states, each lasting for a short interval. By determining the operating point of the pump, the amount of water pumped during the simulation period is calculated. The computed results are compared with those obtained from actual tests on a 2-HP water pumping unit supplied from 4-kW PV array.

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908319208908725

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The systems approach to geology is both a sophisticated ideology and a scientific method for investigation of very complicated geological systems. As applied to petroleum geology, it includes the methodological base and technology of mathematical simulation used for modeling geological systems: the systems that have been previously investigated and estimated by experimental data and/or field studies. Because geological systems develop in lime, it is very important to simulate them as dynamic systems. The main tasks in the systems approach to petroleum geology are the numerical simulation of physical and reservoir properties of rocks, pore (geof-luid) pressure in reservoir beds, and hydrocarbon resources. The results of numerical simulation are used for prediction of geological system structure and behavior in both studied and noninvestigated areas.

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908319208908726

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A wind system is designed to operate with a maximum efficiency at a given wind speed. With the use of appropriate mechanisms one can improve the efficiency at different speeds as well as widen the operational range of the system; the controllable pitch angle rotor is, in general, used for this. In order to maximize the produced energy, an alternative is the use of a controllable load, which can be achieved by changing the generator field current. This seems to be an attractive system for small units and for regions with low wind speed. In this paper a comparative analysis for a basic system, a pitch-controllable, and a field-controllable system is made, using a numerical simulation.

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908319208908727

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Development of Nigerian massive reserves of crude bitumen and associated heavy oil is imminent in view of the impacts that the huge importation of these materials and their products have on the nation's economy, coupled with the depleting reserves of Nigerian conventional oil. This article reviews the extent of the tar sands resources in Nigeria and highlights the appropriate production technology options and their environmental implications. The utilization potentials of these resources are also enumerated, as well as the government's role in achieving accelerated, long-term tar sands development in the country.

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908319208908728

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

There are numerous oil fields in southeast Anatolia, near the northern extension of the Arabian Plate. The formations range from Cambrian to Miocene. Maturation and source rock potential of these formations are determined using reflectance and geochemistry. Tectonic features of these formations and oil reserves in the region are elaborated and oil generation is interpreted using these data. The maturity of rock units generally increases from west to east, while physical and chemical properties of oils also change accordingly. Oil reserves are generally located in east-west trending anticline systems in Cretaceous reservoirs. The API gravities and the alkane content of oils increase toward the east, while asphaltene content decreases in the same direction. All geological and geochemical data leads us to interpret that the oil is most probably generated near the west border of districts IX and X and migrated to the east.

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908319208908729

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908319208908730

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908319208956246

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor