摘要:

The mineralogy of coal ash is systematically distributed in recognizable patterns which are in turn a response to the basic depositional and early diagenetic geologic processes of the area. In general, the main control over the basic mineralogy of the ash appears to be the relative influence of the marine environment of the coal-forming swamp. Systematic changes in ash composition can be observed as one proceeds eastward from the Mid-Continent Coal Basin through the Illinois and Dunkard Basins to the Pocahontas Basin of southern West Virginia as the coal-forming environment becomes less influenced by marine conditions. The fresh-water coals of the western fields have ash compositions which compare closely with the lower Pottsville coals of the Pocahontas Basin. Systematic variability also exists on a within-a-mine basis where non-random patterns of sulfur and ash appear to reflect both de-positional and post-depositional processes.

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908317808908054

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Previous work has shown some structural similarities between the insoluble organic residues of certain blue-green algae, algal oozes, and kerogens from ancient sediments known to be of algal origin. To obtain more specific structural information on these insoluble organic residues, several specific degradation reactions have been performed on them. This paper describes results from saponifying residues of some blue-green and green algae, two algal oozes, and for the sake of comparison, kerogen from the Green River oil shale. The major aim of these experiments was to obtain information on any compoents linked as esters to the kerogen-like residues. The minor aim was to see whether there were any variations in the saponification products which could be linked to structural variations in the residues.

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908317808908055

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The approach followed in this paper is to approximate a load duration curve within line segments (discrete approximations) and relate the length of these line segments to a set of economic and weather variables. This relationship allows one to forecast the segments which, in turn, provides a forecast of a discrete approximation to the load duration curve.

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908317808908056

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908317808908057

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A description of the quantity and distribution of a region's potential water power is useful to anyone interested in developing water supplies for hydropower plants. This paper presents a method for such an analysis. It is probably applicable to any stream in the world because it is a simple application of basic hydraulic principles. Potential power per unit of stream length can be calculated at any point along a stream as a function of stream gradient and flow. Gradient and flow can each be mapped at convenient intervals along the stream. These two maps can then be combined to produce a map of potential ( gross) power. This map can be used to determine total power in the region of interest, to identify and evaluate concentrations of power within the region, or as a part of a more comprehensive planning process.

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908317808908058

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

During the past quarter of a century, the exploitation of oil and gas reserves, associated with thick sequences of very fine-grained and coarsegrained rocks in the Tertiary Basins, have become increasingly important for fulfilling the world's energy needs. Many exploration and reservoir development problems have arisen which demand an analytical solution. The solution of many scientific and technological problems associated with these geologically young basin sediments requires knowledge of the origin, maintenance, and distribution of abnormally high pore-fluid pressures, chemical changes induced in the interstitial water by compaction, origin and migration of hydrocarbons, temperature gradients, clay minerals phase changes, and subsidence of the surface. Successful drilling to depths greater than 20,000 ft in these sediments and the amounts of hydrocarbons discovered and produced depend to a great extent on our knowledge of the physical and mechanical properties and deformation characteristics of the sediments and the interrelationships among the various properties of sediments and associated interstitial fluids.

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908317808908059

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Free lime (as CaO) was determined on retorted shale which had been heated in air at 1200°F, 1300°F, and 1400°F at times ranging from one-half hour to eight hours. A.S.T.M. Standard C-114 was used to measure free lime on samples sealed from air while hot. No interference was noted from magnesia or other materials occurring in retorted shale. Free lime was found to increase with heating time and then decrease upon continued heating after reaching a maximum. Solid-state reactions consuming calcium oxide and forming complex silicates or aluminates are thought to occur producing qualities of low-grade cement in shale retorted under certain conditions. X-ray diffraction data on the same samples confirm this conclusion. Special management of shales retorted under controlled conditions would produce maximum cementation, thus minimizing erosion and leaching of retorted shales.

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908317808908060

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0090-8312    

DOI:10.1080/00908317808908061

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor