摘要:

ABSTRACT.In July 1979 the authors obtained 24‐hour diet records from 1055 students in school‐grades 7–10 (age‐range 11–16 years) in Tasmania, Australia. For ages 12–15, our respondents appear representative of the Tasmanian population.This paper describes intakes of energy; protein, fat and carbohydrate; calcium and iron; thiamin, riboflavin and niacin‐equivalent; and vitamin A. Variations between individuals of the same age and sex were substantial; because of the skewed distributions, data are presented as percentiles, which define the extent of variation more exactly than the conventional mean and standard deviation. A majority of both sexes had intakes of energy below the recommendations of the National Health and Medical Research Council, and almost half the girls had iron intakes below these recommendations.Results of this survey appear consistent with those of smaller studies on this age‐group in other Au

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01938.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The bacteriological and haematological features of 11 infants with early‐onset bacterial pneumonia (EBP) were compared with those of 45 infants with severe hyaline membrane disease (HMD) to determine the sensitivity and predictive value of these features for the diagnosis of EBP in the presence of severe respiratory distress. All infants with EBP had positive surface site gram stains, abnormal total neutrophil counts, and increased immature: total neutrophil ratios but these features were also present in 18%, 40% and 22%, respectively, of infants with HMD. However, when these three features were combined all infants with EBP were identified (sensitivity = 100%) and all but one infant with HMD were excluded (predictive value = 92%).The clinical and radiological features of EBP are nonspecific and all infants with respiratory distress should have surface site gram stains examined for bacteria. If these are positive, an abnormal total neutrophil count and an increased immature: total neutrophil ratio will distinguish EBP from HM

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01939.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency is an important factor in the malabsorption of cystic fibrosis, but other factors may also contribute to the steatorrhoea. It has been suggested that thickened mucinous covering of the villi forms a mechanical barrier to absorption. A double blind cross‐over placebo controlled trial of the oral mucolytic agent N‐acetylcysteine failed to improve the fat malabsorpt

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01940.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A random survey of children under 11 years was undertaken to determine the prevalence ofGiardia intestinalisin two areas of the City of Logan, South East Queensland. Parasitological examination of single stool samples showed that in Shailer Park, where 81% of the houses have septic tanks, the prevalence rate was 5.7%, with 9.8% of households having children passing cysts. At Rochedale where 98% of the houses are connected to the mains sewerage the corresponding figures were 2.0% and 3.1%. Most if not all the infections were acquired locally. No correlations were found between the prevalence ofG. intestinalisand the sex or age of the children, symptoms of diarrhoea or socioeconomic conditions. Clustering of cases was demonstrated in one part of Shailer Park but no point source of infection was demonstrated. One possible explanation for the higher prevalence rate at Shailer Park is that children become infected with cysts found in run‐off from septic effluents which accumulate in gardens and gutter

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01941.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.An immunization history was obtained from 122 sets of parents whose children attended a hospital casualty department. Actual records of immunization were traced through General Practitioners and/or local councils for 93 of the children; this latter group represents the study sample. Of the 93 children studied, only 15% were found to be adequately immunized including measles immunization. Analysis of the data suggests that parental understanding of the meaning of immunization had little impact on immunization compliance. This might imply that a major health education programme, of a different type to that presently being employed, is needed.

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01942.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Infants studied in their first three months were found to have medication commonly administered despite a low incidence of illness. Anti‐colic medications were the most frequently given drugs, these were usually prescribed by a nonmedical person. Most of the medications were unnecessary and achieved little. Mothers felt they were managing their infants satisfactorily despite the common use of anti‐colic medicines. There is a growing opinion which suggests that medication is probably not the best way of managing the “colicky infant”. We are concerned that we may be setting a pattern of drug taking for the

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01943.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01944.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A boy whose father and three sisters have insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, presented with anxiety symptoms related to his developing a similar disorder. Haplotype segregation analysis based on HLA typing of the family revealed which of the parents' haplotypes were most likely to be associated with the susceptibility gene for diabetes. As the boy did not inherit either of these haplotypes, his risk of developing diabetes is not increased. Explanation of these findings resulted in a decrease in his anxiety and his relationship with other family members improved. This family study demonstrates how HLA typing of families with diabetes can have practical benefits for non‐affected member

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01945.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01946.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01947.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY