ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1987.tb00250.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1987.tb00251.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1987.tb00252.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis report describes how nutrient intake was distributed throughout the day, and the nutrient density according to meal, in 78 boys and 63 girls who have been studied from birth. The food intake was calculated from 4 day weighed records using the CSIRONET data bank based on British tables of food composition.The percentages of total energy from breakfast, lunch, evening meal, and snacks were 20, 26, 31, 23%. There was a very wide range of individual nutrient intake for each meal. The evening meal made the largest contribution to fat and protein intake. Most starch came from lunch (30%) and least from snacks (16%). Snacks contained a large portion of the simple sugars (39%).Breakfast was an important source of calcium and B vitamins, but with wide ranges of micronutrients occurring for each meal.This analysis of nutrient density and distribution contributes towards the formulation of practical recommendations about beneficial dietary changes.

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1987.tb00253.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA questionnaire survey was carried out to identify areas of consensus or disagreement in the attitudes and practices of Australian neonatal paediatricians with regard to the treatment of extremely preterm infants. Considerable variation was found in the estimated chances of survival and disability among respondents. The majority of neonatal paediatricians advocated prompt resuscitation and initiation of neonatal intensive care at birth, although all believed life‐support treatment should be withdrawn in those instances where medical complications develop resulting in near certainty of death or life with total incapacity. The predominant view was for parents to be involved in the decision‐making process for withdrawal of life‐support and for the neonatal intensive care policy to be made known to the parents. Information from this survey which raised concerns included the variability in the estimate of the potential for survival, the lack of relevance of the law to everyday practices in the neonatal intensive care units, the small minority of respondents who felt that life‐and‐death decisions should be made by medical staff alone, and the reluctance of some neonatal paediatricians to inform parents about the policies of t

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1987.tb00254.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAdrenocortical responsiveness was assessed in eight very low birthweight neonates who had bronchopulmonary dysplasia and had been weaned from mechanical ventilation using dexamethasone. Three of the eight infants did not respond to ACTH stimulation during the first week after cessation of dexamethasone, but all three responded normally when retested at least 1 month later. The present authors have thus demonstrated that some infants have at least temporary adrenocortical unresponsiveness after prolonged courses of glucocorticoid therapy, and suggest that adrenocortical function should be assessed in all infants who are weaned from mechanical ventilation using dexamethasone.

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1987.tb00255.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA retrospective analysis of 190 consecutive renal biopsies was undertaken to assess the pattern of glomerulonephritis in Chinese, and the role of renal biopsy in paediatric nephrology. Minimal change nephropathy, IgA nephropathy and membranous nephropathy comprised 41%, 16% and 13% of primary glomerular diseases, respectively. Minimal change nephropathy accounted for only 61% of patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. In 76 patients the provisional clinicopathological diagnosis was shown to be incorrect or uncertain, and correct diagnosis was made solely on histologtcal examination. In 47 cases a substantial change in therapy occurred on the basis of biopsy results. These data suggest that the practice of renal biopsy in paediatric nephrology performed appropriately in carefully selected patients is a useful procedure.

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1987.tb00256.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn overview highlighting the important contribution of the paediatrician to the psychological care of his patients and their families is presented. He is expected to be competent in his role of diagnosing and managing the physical disorders of his patients; in addition, the complete paediatrician needs to acquire skills in assessing and treating primary developmental and behavioural disorders, and in preventing and managing secondary emotional difficulties which may arise because of minor or major physical illness.The paediatrician may work in collaboration with the psychiatrist in managing children with psychosomatic disorders, and refer directly to the psychiatrist those children with psychoses and conduct disorders. For the rest, especially those who present with somatic symptomatology without organic findings, the psychologically minded paediatrician needs to understand the symptom and the child within the context of his family. Such an understanding may enable the paediatrician to treat the child himself or alternatively prepare his patient for a psychiatric referral, if appropriate.Issues of training of the paediatrician in the acquisition of these listening skills are discussed, emphasizing the additional need for self‐directed independent learning. The important preventive role of the paediatrician is emphasize

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1987.tb00257.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSixty‐one children aged 4–18 years with cystic fibrosis were interviewed about their understanding of the illness and their attitude towards it. Responses were compared across three age groups: 4–6 years, 7–11 years and 12–18 years, corresponding to Piagetian stages of cognitive development. While there was an obvious progression in knowledge with advancing age, the children's attitude to their illness and therapy varied remarkably between age groups. Those in the 4–6 year group were more positive about themselves and about the effect of therapy than those in the older groups. More than half knew that they were bom with the illness, in contrast to published reports of healthy children's concepts of illness causation for this age group. Children in the 7–11 year group were least likely to feel better after therapy and were least likely to mention anything positive about having cystic fibrosis, despite having a higher mean Schwachman clinical score than those in the

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1987.tb00258.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA child with nephroblastoma, severe hypertension, polydipsia, and polyuria is presented. Previous reports of this association describe great difficulty in controlling the hypertension by medical means. Captopril provided prompt and continuing control of this child's hypertension and allowed for optimal preparation prior to surgery.

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1987.tb00259.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY