ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01950.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01951.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Four term healthy infants had their respiratory pattern monitored during a 2‐hour afternoon nap recording period at monthly intervals up to six months of age. The time spent asleep significantly decreased with a marked reduction in active sleep (66% to 10%) while maintaining one long epoch of quiet sleep (mean 31 mins). Mean breathing rate at one week was higher in active sleep than quiet sleep (47 vs 41 breaths/min.) and decreased by 6 months in both sleep states (31 breaths/min. in both). Variability of breathing rate at 1 week was significantly increased in active sleep compared to quiet sleep and both decreased by 6 months. These findings confirm a significant maturational change in the respiratory pattern and variability of normal infants in the afternoon nap from 1 to 6 month

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01952.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Four term healthy infants had their respiratory pattern monitored during a 2‐hour afternoon nap period at monthly intervals up to six months of age. Apnoeas 4 seconds or more at 1 week expressed as a percentage of breaths were significantly more frequent in active sleep than quiet sleep (2.1% vs 0.6%) and increased at 2 months in both sleep states (8.0% and 8.5% respectively) due to the onset of periodic breathing. Apnoeas then decreased in frequency up to 6 months in both sleep states (3.8% and 0.8% respectively). In the first month a startle and/or sigh occurred in 78% of apnoeas in quiet sleep, and gross body movement in 72% of apnoeas in active sleep. Between 4 to 6 months all apnoeas in quiet sleep were preceded by a startle and/or sigh, in contrast to active sleep, where the incidence of gross body movement and apnoea decreased (49%) and apnoea alone increased (48%). These findings confirm a maturational change in the incidence and pattern of apnoea in normal infants from 1 to 6 month

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01953.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In the 4‐year period, 1977–1980, neonatal intensive care was given to all infants with the exception of 22 livebirths who died in the delivery room and 14 who had major congenital malformations. Of the 375 infants weighing 501–1500g at birth who were treated in the neonatal unit, 298 survived the neonatal period, of whom 60 were ≤1000g. A disproportionate amount of time was spent in treating these infants, including a significant percentage on non‐survivors. Treatment for infants ≤1500g and ≤1000g contributed to 57% and 29% respectively of the intensive care workload. Although the cost of providing intensive care for these infants was substantial in terms of time, effort, emotion and money, their improved survival prospects nevertheless indicates that the rights of these infants need to be safeguarded. Neonatal paediatricians have a special responsibility to these infants and secondarily to their families and to the public at large, all of whom are being affected emotionally and financially by decisions made and outcomes achieved in the

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01954.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.One hundred and ten of 117 infants of birth weight less than 1500g managed at the Mater Mothers' Hospital were followed during the first year of life. A severe behavioural disturbance with minor neurological signs was identified in 12 (13%) babies assessed at 1 month of age. At 4 months, 18 (17%) babies exhibited features suggestive of the dystonic syndrome. The 18 dystonic infants sustained more perinatal asphyxia and apnoea and were more likely to be ventilated, compared with the 89 non‐dystonic infants examined at 4 months. The dystonic infants had lower General Quotient scores at all ages. By 8 to 12 months of age, features of the dystonic syndrome had resolved in 13 (72%) of these babies. Five of the infants identified as dystonic at 4 months had major neurological and/or intellectual handicap at 1 year of age. Caution must be exercised when counselling the parents of infants with the dystonic syndrome. The role of intervention programmes of physiotherapy in the dystonic infants and the long term outlook of these babies needs further evaluatio

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01955.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.From two large maternity hospitals, information on the birth dimensions of liveborn infants of birthweight from 501 to 1500 g was coded for computer analysis; cohorts of inborn infants delivered in the years 1971 to 1974 and 1977 to 1978 were included in the study if there were both reliable obstetrical information on gestational age and also the clinical estimation of maturity of the neonate did not differ by more than two weeks from the obstetrical estimation.The frequency distribution of birthweights of infants indicated that only in the range from 24 to 29 weeks was the sample sufficiently complete to permit further analysis. Mean ± 2 SD and weighted centiles were calculated for birthweight, body length and head circumference; these were tabulated and displayed graphically. The 50th percentile for weight was slightly higher than that previously reported from Melbourne, but appreciably lower than some other published data. Preparation of separate charts for male and female infants was not considered to be justified

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01956.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Recurrent apnoea occurred in 249 (1%) of the 25,154 live born babies during the 6 year study period. Only 18 were born at term and in these a cause was usually apparent. The incidence of recurrent apnoea increased with decreasing gestational age and was maximal at 30–31 weeks gestation (54%) falling to 7% at 34–35 weeks. The incidence in those<30 weeks gestation was probably underestimated due to the high mortality rate in this group in the earlier years of the study. With increased survival in 1978–79, the majority of survivors at those gestations developed apnoea. Apnoea usually commenced in the first 2 days of life (77%) and was unlikely to commence after 7 days. The lower the gestational age at birth the longer the apnoea continued; it usually ceased by full term. The predominant effect of gestational age on the incidence and duration of recurrent apnoea suggests that immaturity plays a major causative role. Perinatal insults which are more common in those of lowest gestation may contribute to its incidence and sev

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01957.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Three hundred and seventy‐seven consecutive liveborn infants with a birthweight between 500g and 1500g born at two perinatal centres in the calendar years 1977 and 1978 and 40 outborn infants in the same weight group admitted to one of the hospitals during the same period were studied. Although the survival rates in individual 100g weight groups vary between 14.3% and 97.4%, overall survival rates for inborn and outborn infants in both hospitals were similar, ranging from 69.0% to 71.5%. Twenty‐two perinatal factors were found to have a significant effect on survival, of which 15 were common to the inborn populations in both hospitals. Eight of these 22 factors were indicators of intrapartum asphyxia. Multiple regression analysis showed that whereas birthweight was the most important variable influencing outcome in one hospital, the infant's condition at birth is the most important in the other. This difference may be related to the aggressive approach to perinatal intensive care of extremely preterm infants in the latter hospi

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01958.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The mode of death of newborn infants may have great importance in subsequent parental bereavement responses. With support and encouragement, parents should be able to involve themselves in the care of their dying newborn, with subsequent reduction of pathological grief responses. Three cases in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit are described to illustrate this process.

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01959.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY