ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1988.tb01342.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1988.tb01343.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1988.tb01344.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFamily break‐up is a common experience in childhood today, yet reports of its effects on children vary considerably. Variables to be considered are the age, sex and previous experiences of the child as well as the observer's viewpoint (clinician compared with social scientist): the need for well founded research is obvious. Divorce is a process affecting all family members: parent disharmony and quarrels prior to the divorce appear to be more detrimental to a child's adjustment than the separation itself which may represent a relief of tension. Behaviour and emotional problems following divorce relate to litigation regarding custody and access (accusations of sexual abuse during access are not uncommon), and a diminution of living standards. Feelings of rejection, depression, anger and guilt are frequent in the immediate post‐divorce period, but settle during the ensuing year. Family counselling, individual work with children (especially explanations for younger ones) and social support in the post‐divorce period are suggested as a means of combating long‐term, sometimes lifelong, s

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1988.tb01345.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSuccessful cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the paediatric age group necessitates the acquisition of technical skills for rapid tracheal intubation, external cardiac compression and access to the circulation. Skills and equipment must be adapted to each age group. For optimal mechanical ventilation and the avoidance of complications, correct selection of endotracheal tube diameter and length is necessary. New techniques in resuscitation incorporate an understanding of the mechanism of blood flow during cardiac compression, the use of the intratracheal route for drug administration, and a revision of the use of catecholamines, sodium bicarbonate and calcium solutions in the treatment of asystole‐bradycardia, electromechanical dissociation, ventricular fibrillation and tachycardia. Early intubation, adequate ventilation with oxygen, well performed external cardiac compression, prompt defibrillation and administration of adrenaline remain the cornerstones of advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitatio

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1988.tb01346.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1988.tb01347.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIntra‐uterine growth charts are widely used, but the data from which they are generated are imprecise and the (mis)use made of them is in danger of acceptance through repetition. To an obstetrician they have little use and the description ‘intra‐uterine growth chart’is misleading. This traditional analysis is reported to emphasize that a new approach to judging the normality or otherwise of intra‐uterine development is needed, particularly to aid the clinician involved in management of the high risk pregnancy and preterm labour and

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1988.tb01348.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAmong 1500 children under 4 years of age admitted consecutively to two paediatric teaching hospitals in Victoria in 1985 the prevalence of birth defects was 20%. Fewer than half of these defects had been notified to the Victorian Congenital Malformations Register. Only chromosomal anomalies and, to a lesser extent, major structural malformations present at birth were adequately ascertained. The implications for birth defects monitoring and for service planning are discussed.

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1988.tb01349.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1988.tb01350.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe clinical spectrum and outcome of neonatal convulsions within an obstetric hospital population were reviewed for the 5 years, 1978–82, inclusive. There were 156 convulsing neonates managed at the Mater Mothers Hospital (110 inborn, 46 outborn). The incidence of early neonatal convulsions for inborn babies was 3.0/1000 live births. Antenatal and perinatal risk factors were compared between the 156 convulsing infants and the 36 082 infants born during the same period who did not convulse. The leading risk factors for convulsions were prematurity, intra‐uterine growth retardation, low 5 min Apgar score, pre‐eclampsia, antepartum haemorrhage, twin pregnancy and breech presentation. The predominant seizure type was tonic in 28.6%, multifocal clonic in 27.2%, subtle in 18.4%, myoclonic in 15.0% and focal clonic in 8.8%. Mortality (31%) and long‐term disability (43%) rates were high. Tonic seizures had the highest mortality and morbidity. Throughout the duration of the study period infants received increasingly thorough investigation. Causative factors were determined in 95% of convulsing infants, most frequent being hypoxic‐ischaemic encephalopathy (40.3%) and cerebroventricular haemorrhage (30.5%).Follow‐up data on 99 of the 107 survivors (93%) revealed severe disability in 25, moderate disability in eight and mild disability in 10. A poor long‐term prognosis was associated with prolonged convulsions, tonic and multifocal clonic convulsions, convulsions due to asphyxia and cerebroventricular haemorrhage and an abnormal neurological examination

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1988.tb01351.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY