ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1992.tb02664.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1992.tb02665.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1992.tb02666.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA survey of 1527 families receiving the Child Disability Allowance was undertaken. There were substantial unmet needs for home help services, respite care and equipment. Satisfaction with services, particularly therapy, and respite care facilities was less than optimal. Many families also lacked knowledge about resources available to them. Improvement in the quality and availability of services is essential as is dissemination of information about available facilities.

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1992.tb02667.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA retrospective descriptive study was carried out on residents of the northern Sydney health area who delivered normal, full term, singleton infants at three large maternity units. A sample population of 1199 was sent a postal questionnaire when their infants reached the age of 6 months, and a 65% response rate was obtained. Problems encountered, with ratings of severity and difficulty of management, were reported in five categories: acute and persistent or recurrent illness, daytime and night‐time behaviour problems and feeding problems. Forty‐seven per cent of parents reported at least one problem which they rated severe or very difficult to manage, and 19.7% reported two or more, particularly in the areas of behaviour and feeding difficulties. Traditional services such as those provided by general practitioners and specialists were not often helpful for these problems, while baby health services and specialized support services were more helpful. However, a significant number of respondents found no service helpful, representing an area of unmet n

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1992.tb02668.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRapid advances in the molecular genetics of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and the discovery and localization of the gene product dystrophin has brought new hope that successful treatment for this disease may not be too far away. Dystrophin has been postulated to have a mechanical function, helping to resist stress associated with muscle contraction. The presence of dystrophin in low concentrations in muscle cells, its expression in nervous tissue and the observation that hypercontraction of the sarcomeres precedes membrane rupture make the hypothesis unlikely. On the basis of an analogy with a cytoskeletal protein ankyrin, which is associated with the sodium/potassium adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) in the kidney, it is possible that dystrophin deficiency leads initially to an increased but inefficient calcium‐ATPase activity, which pumps calcium out of the cell. Partial failure of the pump would result in intracellular accumulation of calcium, hypercontractions of the sarcomeres, rupture of the cell membrane, massive influx of calcium and cell necrosi

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1992.tb02669.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNon‐therapeutic research in children is said to be justified in part if the risk involved is no more than minimal, but there is little information on the risk of venepuncture to make that judgement. This prospective study was carried out to assess the effect of venepuncture on 425 healthy children aged between 3.6 and 6.6 years old who participated in a non‐therapeutic research project. A parental questionnaire was sent out 1 month after the blood was taken. Three hundred and ninety‐one parents (92%) returned the questionnaires. Parental responses indicated the risk of complications was of the order considered to be minimal. A large majority of parents (78%) felt this experience would be helpful for the child if blood had to be taken again and a significant proportion (40%) felt the child would be more confident when going to see a doctor or dentist afterwards. Venepuncture in preschool children causes minimal harm and might even have some positive ef

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1992.tb02670.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractClinical techniques and protocols for chest physiotherapy vary greatly from one Neonatal Intensive Care Unit to another. In 1988 a questionnaire designed to investigate differing techniques used was distributed to Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) around Australia. Fourteen of the 15 questionnaires were completed and returned. The results revealed that the methods of chest treatment and the indicators for commencing chest treatment were similar throughout NICU. Both physiotherapists and nursing staff played a role in the performance of chest treatment in all but one unit where it was the responsibility of nursing staff. However, the area in which there was most variability between NICU was the individual treatment protocols employed pre‐ and postextubation of the neonate. A review of literature over the past 10 years also demonstrates variability in chest physiotherapy. It was concluded that further well‐controlled studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate the use of chest physiotherapy for the neonate, especially in relation to the techniques and specific protocols emplo

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1992.tb02671.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA prospective population‐based study of chronic lung disease among all very low birthweight infants (birthweight 500–1499 g) born in New Zealand in 1986 is reported. Of 413 of these infants admitted to neonatal units, 355 (86%) survived to 28 days. An additional 50 infants were recorded as liveborn but died in the labour ward or other place of birth. Both observed survival and survival adjusted for birthweight, gestation and gender were significantly (P<0.05) better in larger centres. Oxygen requirement was assessed at 28 days of age, 36 weeks equivalent gestation and 84 days of age, when 38.6,23.1 and 13.8% of infants, respectively, were being treated with oxygen. To examine the joint effects of predictor variables on oxygen requirement at each age, the data were analysed using multiple logistic regression methods. At 28 days, lower birthweight, shorter gestation, respiratory distress syndrome (allP<0.0001), and gender and hospital principally caring for the infant (bothP<0.05) were significantly associated with treatment with oxygen. In comparison with other studies, New Zealand appears to have a relatively high rate of chronic lung disease. We speculate that a contributing factor may be the small size of some regional neonatal un

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1992.tb02672.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe case histories of two infants who sustained chemical burns due to contact with alcoholic skin preparation solutions are presented. The skin permeability of the extremely low birthweight infant renders them susceptible to major burns following relatively brief exposure to such solutions. Care is needed in the selection and use of skin disinfection solutions in the neonatal nursery.

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1992.tb02673.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY