ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1979.tb01190.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

James, B. E., Hendry, P. G., and MacMahon, R. A. (1979). Aust. Paediatr. J., 15, 62–66. Total parenteral nutrition of premature infants. 1. Requirement for macronutrient elements. Balance studies were performed for 6 essential elements (Na. K, Cl, Ca, Mg, P) on 5 premature infants, with birthweights less than 1200 g, who were fed entirely by vein with a formula based on L amino‐acid isomers. These studies determined the amounts retained when these elements were given intravenously.There was a significant correlation between the input and retention of each of these elements, and the data obtained have been used, by analogy with fetal growth, to derive tentative recommendations for the rate of infusion of these elements into the small premature inf

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1979.tb01191.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

James, B. E., Hendry, P. G., and MacMahon, R. A. (1979), Aust. Paediatr. J., 15, 67–71. Total parenteral nutrition of premature infants. 2. Requirement for micronutrient elements. By using metabolic balance studies we have investigated the ability of 5 small premature infants, fed intravenously with a formula based on L amino acid isomers, to retain 5 essential micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cr).For each element there was a significant correlation between the input and retention and, by analogy with fetal growth, tentative recommendations have been made for the rate of infusion of these elements into very low birthweight infant

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1979.tb01192.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Boulton, T. J. C., and Coote, L. M. (1979). Aust. Paediatr. J., 15, 72–80. Nutritional studies during early childhood. I. Energy and nutrient intake. The results are reported of a prospective, longitudinal, nutritional study of 391 infants, who were representative of the Adelaide population. The results include a description of the change in pattern of milk and solid food in‐take, the percentage contribution from carbohydrate, fat, and protein, and its relationship to the type of diet the child was having through infancy. The energy intake of these food classes is described, and the relationship to both the contribution from each nutrient group, and the type of milk formula used is described for each age studied.It is proposed that these studies on normal Australian children provide evidence of the inter‐related nature of the qualitative and quantitative aspects of diet during infancy, and may form a basis for further studies on the relationships between nutrition and the growth of fatness, variation in blood pressure, and nutritional influence on lipoprotein metab

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1979.tb01193.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Boulton, T. J. C. and Coote, L. M. (1979). Aust. Paediatr. J., 15, 81–86. Nutritional studies during early childhood. II. Feeding practices during infancy, and their relationship to socio‐economic and cultural factors. The results are presented of an analysis of socio‐economic and ethnic factors which are related to the practices of infant‐feeding. The results include the prevalence figures for breast‐feeding and an analysis of the different types of milk formulation used through the first year of life. The type of milk formula used related to the level of the mother's education, her country of origin, and the language spoken at home. Breast‐feeding was continued longer by mothers with tertiary education (p<0.001), and for less time by mothers born in southern Europe (p<0.05). The age of such mothers on arrival in Australia was significantly related to the duration of breast feeding (p<0.05). It is proposed that the influence of these observed relationships may lead to the establishment early in life of certain patterns of nutrient intake with possible long term effects. These may contribute to the differences in incidence of nutritionally based disorders with socio‐economic and

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1979.tb01194.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Boulton, T. J. C. and Rowley. M. P. (1979).Aust. Paediatr. J., 15, 87–90. Nutritional studies during early childhood. III. Incidental observations of temperament, habits, and experiences of ill‐health. The mothers of 391 normal 3‐month‐old and 266 one‐year‐old babies were asked standard questions about their child's motor activity, sleeping, and thumb‐sucking habits, and whether the child had had colic, regurgitant vomiting, or an episode of ill‐health during infancy. By one year 36.5% of the mothers considered their babies to be very active, compared to only 4% considering them placid. At 3 months of age 20% of babies were waking at least once a night, and significant ethnic differences were present, with babies of Itaiian‐born parents waking more frequently.Colic was reported in 40% of babies, occurring frequently in 24.5%. It occurred slightly more frequently in babies of mothers with higher educational attainment, and in first‐born. Fifty‐nine percent of the babies had no episode of ill‐health, or only one or more episodes of upper respiratory infection. Prevalence figures are reported for wheezing episodes, bronchitis and

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1979.tb01195.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Toogood, I. R. G., Ellis, W. M., and Ekert, H. (1979)Aust. Paediatr. J., 15, 91–95. Prognostic criteria, treatment and survival in disseminated histiocytosis X. Twenty‐five children with disseminated histiocytosis X, diagnosed between 1969–75, were clinically grouped into those without organ dysfunction (Group I) and those with organ dysfunction (Group II). They were treated with either oral chlorambucil (CBL) or combination chemotherapy with vinblastine and other agents. Children less than three years of age at the commencement of treatment had Group II disease more frequently (p = 0.02), and children with Group I disease had significantly longer survival (p = 0.04). Oral histiocytosis X was present in 10 children and is frequently associated with diabetes insipidus (p<0.001). Initial response to chemotherapy did not predict prognosis (p = 0.38). Treatment with CBL alone was effective in all children with Group I disease over the age of three years at the onset of symptoms. However, combination chemotherapy appeared to be necessary in children with Group II disease from the time of diagnosis. and in children with Group I disease whose symptoms occur before the age of three years. Chemotherapy is associated with minimal toxicity and has resulted in a survival rate of 80% with a 37‐month median follow‐up of survivors (range 2–

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1979.tb01196.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Harrison, K. L. (1979)Aust. Paediatr. J., 15, 96–97. Fetal erythrocyte lifespan. The demonstration of fetal erythrocytes in the maternal circulation by the Kleihauer technique after feto‐maternal macrotransfusion provides a means of measuring the lifespan of those cells produced at the time of the haemorrhage. Two cases of massive feto‐maternal haemorrhage at 40 weeks gestation and one at 36 weeks gestation are used, together with a published case at 34 weeks gestation. to show that erythrocyte lifespan is quite short in fetal life and increases during the third trimester to be 80 to 90 days in a full term i

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1979.tb01197.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Drew, J. H., Johnston, R., Finocchiaro, C., Taylor, P. S., and Goldberg, H. J. (1979)Aust. Paediatr. J., 15, 98–100. A comparison of nasojejunal with nasogastric feedings in low‐birth‐weight infants. A controlled, prospective comparison of the nasojejunal feeding route with the nasogastric feeding route was performed in 44 low‐birth‐weight infants. No benefits in growth occurred in Infants fed via the nasojejunal route, and, in fact, less calories were administered to these infants. No detrimental effects were observed on many biochemical and haematological parameters measured, except, serum total protein and albumin concentrations which were lower in infants fed via the nasojejunal route. An increase in complications occurred in infants fed via the nasojejunal route, and, in particular, two infants fed via that way developed fatal necrotizing enterocolitis compared with one infant fed via the nasogastric route. The only infant that died due to the massive milk‐aspiration syndrome was fed via the nasojejunal route. Because of the lack of significant benefits and because of the potential increase in complications of feedings given via the nasojejunal route, this method cannot be recommended as the routine method of feeding low‐birth

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1979.tb01198.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Johnson, R. O., Johnson, B. H., Raman, A., Lee, E. L., and Lam, K. L. (1979)Aust. Paediatr. J., 15, 101–106. Metabolic acidosis and renal solute load in relation to the protein intake of low birth weight Malaysian neonates. Thirty‐one low birth weight Malaysian neonates were divided into two groups for the purpose of comparing two different dilutions of modified cow's milk. One dilution supplied 2.4 g protein/100 kcal (16.9 g/l) and the other 3.3 g/100 kcal (22.5 g/l). The two milks were iso‐caloric at 69 kcal/100 ml. Clinical observation and weekly estimations of acid‐base status, plasma sodium, chloride, potassium, urea and osmolality and of urine osmolality were made during the first three weeks of life. Metabolic acidosis was observed in both groups of infants, being significantly more severe in the higher protein group. Most acidotic babies remained asymptomatic. Plasma urea and plasma and urine osmolalities were all significantly higher in the higher protein group. No case of hyperosmolality occurred. Caution is recommended when feeding cow's milk of protein density greater than 2.4 g/100 kcal to low birth weight

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1979.tb01199.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY