ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1985.tb02122.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1985.tb02123.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEvaluative research on screening in school children is needed because of a lack of studies about its effectiveness. This paper reports a study of the school medical records of 790 children, aged 5‐6 years, first screened in 1980. Sixty‐six per cent of the parents of children who were notified of an abnormality in their child were followed up to determine subsequent action. Although a complete physical examination had been performed, 87% of all notified abnormalities involved vision (including squint), hearing and dental problems. The prevalence rate of previously unknown health problems (excluding dental problems) confirmed by another health professional was 5%. This rate was lowered to 2% when only children with moderate or severe problems presently receiving treatment were included. Some of the practical problems and importance of screening are discus

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1985.tb02124.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study investigated the cheracteristics of all new in‐patients with major psychological and/or social problems admitted to a medical ward over a 4‐week period. Fifteen successive patients were studied prospectively. The professional time spent by the medical and paramedical personnel involved in the initial assessment and management was reviewed, and the children followed‐up 6 months later.The study found that the patients readily fell into two major groups. Group I were infants and children who had been maltreated or were at risk for child abuse. Group II were older children who presented with psychosomatic symptoms arising from disturbed family or environmental backgrounds. The medical, psychiatric and social work input was considerable for both groups (19 vs 27 h per patient respectively). Their hospital stay was prolonged (15 vs 21 days respectively; the hospital average was 4.4 days). The outcome differed in the two groups. Patients in Group I failed to attend follow‐up appointments in most cases unless such attendance was legally mandatory. In contrast, Group II patients usually kept their follow‐up appointments, the intervention generally being s

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1985.tb02125.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 10 year old girl presented with recurrent febrile episodes over 2 months. A non‐typable strain ofNeisseria meningitidiswas grown from blood cultures on three occasions. She was found to lack functional C8 activity in serum but material with C8 antigenic activity was present. The opsonic activity of the C8 deficient serum for N. meningidis was equivalent to that of normal control

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1985.tb02126.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study was designed to establish whether there was a difference in response to inhaled salbutamol powder (400 μg) and fenoterol powder (200 μg) and whether the specific inhaler devices were a contributing factor. In the study of 40 children no significant difference could be attributed to the devices, but the salbutamol treated group had a marginally better response in two parameters of lung functio

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1985.tb02127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis prospective study documents the incidence, clinical features and risk factors for post‐haemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) as well as the short‐term outcome after serial CSF taps. Serial real‐time ultrasound scans were performed on 220 infants: on all admissions ≤1250 g and on an additional 130 infants with birthweights>1250 g with risk factors for intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH). Based on percentile charts of postnatal increase in ventricular size and head circumference growth rate, PHH was defined as ventricular dilatation>95th centile associated with either a head circumference growth>95th centile or with clinical features of raised intracranial pressure (ICP). Forty‐eight (22%) infants were found to have IVH of whom 14 had intracerebral extension of IVH. Sixteen (40%) of 40 infants who survived the acute episode of IVH developed PHH. PHH occurred more commonly in those who survived severe birth asphyxia and/or intracerebral extension of IVH. Fifteen infants who developed clinical features of raised ICP were treated with serial CSF taps. This procedure was effective in a staged treatment for PHH in relieving clinical symptoms and deferring ventriculo‐peritoneal (VP) shunting. Morbidity associated with serial CSF taps and VP shunting is minimal. A high red cell count and protein concentration in the CSF at diagnosis of PHH identified all five infants who subsequently required

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1985.tb02128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIndomethacin was given by suppository to 18 neonates for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus. The plasma levels of the drug were measured by high pressure liquid chromatography. Permanent closure of the ductus was achieved in 12 of 21 treatments and took up to 48 h. Successful treatment was strongly associated with a plasma indomethacin level>0.5 μg/ml in the 8 h after a dose. Decreased urinary output was more likely at the same level, but was also found with substantially lower figures. It is suggested that indomethacin therapy for patent ductus should be rationalized by measurement of the plasma level

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1985.tb02129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe four currently available methods used for estimating urinary concentration were assessed. One hundred and fifty urine specimens were collected and 130 were measured. Twenty were excluded as they contained protein and/or glucose. The volume of 41 samples was inadequate for hydrometry.In urines not containing dissolved macromolecules, hydrometry, refractometry and osmolality reliably reflect the degree of concentration. Except at the extremes, the reagent strip on N‐Multistix SG is not a reliable indicator of specific gravity.In a Children's Hospital, one‐third of urine specimens will be of insufficient volume for standard hydrome

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1985.tb02130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSix infants with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis and 20 control infants were studied ultrasonically on four occasions during the first year of life. At each examination the total diameter and muscle wall thickness of the pylorus were measured. Initially the pylorus was significantly (P<0.05) larger in the hypertrophic pyloric stenosis group but returned to normal values by 6 months postoperation. The control group showed a small increase in size of the pylorus over the 12 month period.

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1985.tb02131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY