摘要:

SummaryRecent developments in recombinant DNA technology have resulted in a rapidly expanding range of new diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities for families with inherited disorders.They are also beginning to impinge on society as a whole as progressively more is learned about the human genome, as the community becomes more aware of the role of genes in disease, and as we start to consider the implications of being able to define individual susceptibility to both monogenic and multifactorial disorders. As we implement the new technologies, careful consideration must be given to the ethical issues which arise so that maximum benefit can be obtained by individuals and the wider community.

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1990.tb02422.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1990.tb02423.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1990.tb02424.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1990.tb02425.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1990.tb02426.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have used data from children at an Aboriginal settlement in Queensland to demonstrate the changing patterns of growth over the last 30 years. In cohorts of children born during the early 1950s and 1960s the mean weight‐for‐age value was satisfactory for the first three months of life, but then fell until aged 12 months and remained at about 92% of the NCHS median value until 5 years old. In the cohort born in 1972‐73 there was some improvement and in the 1982‐83 cohort the mean weight‐for‐age value was close to international levels from 1 to 5 years. The decline in weight‐for‐age between 3 and 12 months was still present. Length‐for‐age values were not available in the 1950s and 1960s but the mean value increased from the 1972‐73 cohort to the 1982‐83 cohort, which was close to international levels. The mean weight‐for‐length was close to international levels in the 1972‐73 cohort, but in the 1982‐83 cohort was high from 3 to 12 months and then fell close to the international level. These data indicate that the children at this Aboriginal settlement are now growing satisfactorily. The impaired growth between 3 and 12 months needs further investigation, but most of the earlier concerns about poor grow

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1990.tb02427.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract‘Cell therapy’ is a long‐standing quack remedy used in Germany and adjacent countries. Organ extracts from fetal or young animals, fresh or lyophilized, are injected, with the intention of achieving ‘cure’ or at least ‘treatment’ of postulated organ deficiencies or failures. In Germany and in Australia ‘cell therapy’ has been administered in Down syndrome, cancer and for traumatic and other brain injuries. The preparation is banned in Germany, and can be lawfully imported into Australia only with express Ministerial permission. Even so its illicit use has been widespread. Morbidity and mortality have been reported since 1956, mostly in the German literature. There is a finite risk of infection with slow viruses of animal origin. This possibility should be considered in otherwise unexplained spongiform encephalopathy or leuco‐encephalitis. Legal problems are considerable when quack practitioners (medically qualified or otherwise) administer such a preparation to children or legally

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1990.tb02428.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAsthma is responsible for much morbidity and mortality, which might be decreased by increasing parental and patient knowledge about asthma. This report describes the development and validation of an asthma knowledge questionnaire for use in the assessment of asthma knowledge. Two groups of respondents were examined. One group was designated ‘high knowledge’ and the other ‘low knowledge’. The questionnaire had a maximum possible score of 31. The mean score of 69 ‘high’ knowledge parents was 25.3 (median 25, range 18–31). By contrast, the mean score of 69 ‘low’ knowledge parents was 13.0 (median 13, range 0–21). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.0001). The questionnaire results were reproducible (r= 0.94,P<0.01). Demographic characteristics such as education and socio‐economic status were not important confounding variables. Face and content validity of the questionnaire were based on reference to published experience. Concurrent validity was demonstrated by the ability of the questionnaire to distinguish low from high knowledge parents. The questionnaire should prove to be a valuable research tool for the assessment of asthma knowledge either as part of an educational intervention or in

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1990.tb02429.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study reported the prevalence and severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in ≤28 weeks gestation or ≤1000g birthweight infants over a 12‐year period. Among 328 survivors of ≤28 weeks gestation, 30% had ROP, 12% had severe ROP of Stage 3 or worse, 5% had at least one blind eye and 3% were bilaterally blind. Among 201 survivors of ≤1000g birthweight, the above abnormalities were found in 40, 16, 6 and 4% respectively. In both cohorts there was a significant increase in the prevalence of ROP and severe ROP between the period 1977‐80 and 1981‐84, but the lesser increase observed between the periods 1981‐84 and 1985‐88 was not statistically significant. The rates of ROP‐induced blindness were not significantly different between the three 4‐year periods. An inverse relationship was noted between the prevalence of ROP and gestational age. The results suggest a resurgence of ROP in ≤28 weeks or ≤1000g infants, the cause of which is uncertain. In view of this trend, continued surveil

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1990.tb02430.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe relationship between clinical severity, as judged by a clinical scoring method, and the degree of radiological change on a chest X‐ray, was assessed in 153 children with acute bronchiolitis. There was no statistical correlation between clinical severity and the degree of radiological change. The majority of radiographs were requested on the assumption that it was a useful routine investigation. We suggest that the request for a chest X‐ray in acute bronchiolitis should be made only when the need for intensive care is being considered, where there has been an unexpected deterioration in the child's condition or the child has an underlying cardiac or pulmonary disor

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1990.tb02431.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY