摘要:

AbstractThe influence of adding clostridial spores to silage was studied in 2 successive years. Direct‐cut, precision‐chopped herbages were infected with spores ofClostridium tyrobutyricumin doses varying from 0 to 106g−lfresh material (FM), and ensiled in experimental silos. The material was treated with or without 4 ml formic acid (85%) kg−1FM. Silo contents were studied after 4.20 (or 50) and 100 days of ensiling.Contents of dry matter, water‐soluble carbohydrate, nitrate as well as buffering capacity of FM varied between the 2 years at harvest, whereas the numbers of clostridial spores were about the same (<102g−1).Infecting the crop with clostridial spores negatively affected the quality of silage in the first year. After 50 days spore numbers in the silages had increased by 40 × 103to 150 × 103times in the infected silage, compared with 5 × 103in the uninfected silage. No effect was seen in the second year.Silage with high spore counts showed no residual nitrate content. Formic acid improved silage quality from a chemical point of view but had no anti‐clostridial effect. Ensilability of a crop seems to be more important than the initial count of Clostridia for a successful

ISSN:0142-5242    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1996.tb02041.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractField drying experiments in summer and winter compared the drying rate of lucerne hay cut with a rotary disc mower and mower‐conditioner, with or without 300 1 ha−1of 2% aqueous potassium carbonate solution sprayed at cutting. Local farm practice was followed in cutting, raking and drying. Statistical analysis showed significant treatment differences in both summer and winter experiments. Mechanical‐cum‐chemical conditioning treatment provided the greatest field drying rate, followed by chemical conditioning alone, mechanical conditioning alone and non‐conditioned luceme, respectively. The effectiveness of mechanical and chemical conditioning treatments was greater in summer than in winter. Under good S.E. Queensland summer conditions, mechanical‐cum‐chemical conditioning would allow hay to be cut and baled on the same day, but at least 4 days were required under cool winter weath

ISSN:0142-5242    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1996.tb02042.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of light intensity after onset of anthesis on dry matter distribution, water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentration and seed filling inLolium perennewas investigated in a pot experiment. Spaced plants of five clones were brought to flowering and exposed to four light intensities (24%, 57%, 100%, 115% of natural light) from 7 days after onset of anthesis onwards. The two oldest flowering tillers (i.e. the main and the first tiller) were separated from the rest of the plant and dissected after a seed‐filling period of 450°Cd (temperature sum counting from 7 days after onset of anthesis). Their stem dry weight and WSC concentration were reduced at the lowest light intensity. WSC amount was more reduced in the first, younger, tiller. Seed yield per ear of the main tiller was reduced by 14% because seed set and average seed weight were lower at the 24% light intensity. Seed yield and seed number per ear of the first tiller were lowered by 21% and 17%, respectively, at the 24% light intensity, but average seed weight was not. The relative contribution of the seeds to total tiller weight was about 20% and was similar for both tillers and all light intensities. WSC concentration and WSC amount in the stem + rachis were reduced only at 24% light in the main tiller and at 24% and 57% light in the first tiller. It is inferred that seed yield was not limited by assimilate availability, but by the ability of the seeds to utilize fully the abundantly available reserves in the stem. The tiller can support seed yield under a wide range of tight intensiti

ISSN:0142-5242    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1996.tb02043.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY