ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Parent-completed developmental questionnaires (PCDQs) are efficient, allow parental input, and are valid and reliable. Yet, PCDQs are infrequently used to screen infants who are at risk for developing developmental disabilities. The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency with which physical therapists and physicians utilized PCDQs, and to evaluate the factors that affected their use. A pretested 23-item questionnaire was mailed to 225 physical therapists (PTs) and 183 physicians (MDs), who were chosen from lists of professionals in upstate New York. The response rate was 61% for PTs and 60% for MDs. PTs were three times more likely to have used a PCDQ than MDs (p=0.0001). However, 43% of the PTs never used a PCDQ, and of the ones who did, only seven percent used them routinely or often. The PCDQs most commonly used by PTs were ones developed locally, eg, in their school district. PTs were more likely to utilize PCDQs if they considered them reliable and valid, and if they believed that parents were accurate evaluators of their children. The single, most powerful predictor of whether a PT used a PCDQ was familiarity with PCDQs (p=0.01). Physicians were more likely to utilize PCDQs if they felt that they had sufficient time or reimbursement and if they believed that parents were equal partners. When asked what could increase their ability to use PCDQs, 56% of the PTs and 76% of the MDs requested more information or education. The use of PCDQs could be increased by educating and informing practitioners, as well as providing administrative support for using these instruments. Increased use of PCDQs should result in greater involvement of families, more effective use of resources, and more accurate diagnostic evaluations of children.

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) is an important piece of civil rights legislation that can assist pediatric physical therapists in maximizing the opportunities afforded the children and adolescents they serve. The four sections of the ADA with particular relevance to children and adolescents with disabilities are: employment, public and private accommodations, transportation, and telecommunications. An overview of the regulations governing each of these areas and examples relevant to children and adolescents will be given. An understanding of the provisions of the ADA will assist a therapist in designing a treatment plan that will help prepare children and adolescents with disabilities for their transition into leading productive, fulfilling lives as adults. This plan should include functionally based approaches to treatment, child and family education, and advocacy training. Knowledge of the provisions of the ADA and the implications for children with disabilities will assist therapists in their efforts to optimize their client's independence.

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

American health care is undergoing a period of rapid and profound change that will probably result in a decreased availability of health care, including physical therapy services. Simultaneously, an international movement to empower children and adults with disabilities suggests that the top-down rehabilitation paradigm where professionals are in charge needs to be rethought. A solution to meet the demands of these two trends, providing cost-effective and meaningful rehabilitation services, may lie in an international model called community-based rehabilitation (CBR). The purpose of this article is to explore CBR as a model of care and to consider how CBR could help to meet the needs of Americans, especially children with physical disabilities.

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Some scholars propose that physical therapists use formal decision analyses in making clinical decisions, but these processes are time consuming. Other researchers suggest physical therapists make rapid, on the spot, clinical decisions based on improvisation and intuition. This study explores how frequently pediatric physical therapists change their therapy procedures within a therapy session. Procedural changes are illustrated and described using qualitative research methods to portray the practice of three experienced and three novice pediatric physical therapists. These clinicians were videotaped during 48 hourly sessions with 18 children who were diagnosed with diplegic cerebral palsy. Then, videotapes were used to elicit retrospective think-aloud dialogues, which were transcribed, coded, and analyzed to assess how frequently therapists verbalized changing their therapy procedures. Treatment videotapes of five sessions were further analyzed to highlight and illustrate how one experienced clinician applied procedural changes with one child. Findings revealed that experienced clinicians verbalized changing their procedures approximately every 46 seconds compared with a mean of every 86 seconds by novices. Six treatment activities accounted for 72% of the treatment time and illustrate how one experienced clinician applied procedural changes within sessions of therapy over four months of weekly treatment with one child. Generally, the rapid procedural changes found in this study suggest formal decision analyses are not practical for within-session decision making in pediatric physical therapy. Rapid procedural changes by experienced therapists seemed to be in “harmony” with the children, based on their large repertoire of clinical experience. In contrast, novices verbalized “abrupt” procedural changes based on lists of treatments activities. These results provide valuable insights into clinical practice and decision making in pediatric physical therapy.

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID