摘要:

Historical development, principal operation, different ways of experimental realization, and typical examples of application of countercurrent electrophoresis are reviewed. The separation process is principally capable of being applied to all types of ions, as far as any difference is shown in their ionic behavior. Different types of columns can be adapted to varying amounts of substance from approximately 10−6mole up to several moles (in the laboratory scale). The production of high purity components and the use of the column as an absolute ion filter are further possible applications.

ISSN:0037-2366    

DOI:10.1080/00372367108056034

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A procedure is described whereby the molybdenum in a 500-ml seawater sample is brought to the surface in 5 min by an adsorbing colloid flotation process which utilizes iron(III) hydroxide, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and air. Statistical studies on a test series for recovery of molybdenum by means of spectrophotometric analysis show a mean recovery of 95.3% and a relative standard deviation of 2.6%.

ISSN:0037-2366    

DOI:10.1080/00372367108056035

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An analysis of static and moving bed perfect column chromatography is carried out for the separation of a binary mixture having constant separation factor isotherms. It is shown that the carrier requirements are identical for both methods of operation. The model does not provide information on the length of the moving bed column, but shows that the length of the static bed column can be made vanishingly small by reducing the duration of feed intervals. Furthermore, separating the feed bands only partially can - lead to a substantial reduction in the length of the static column at fixed separation rates.

ISSN:0037-2366    

DOI:10.1080/00372367108056036

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A continuous bubble fractionation system consisting of a vertical Plexiglas tube provided with a source of air bubbles, means of continuous liquid feed, overflow, and bottom effluent has been operated to study the performance of the system. The study primarily involves an examination of the effects of variables such as gas rate, liquid rate, solute concentration, and column size on the effectiveness of the system for separating an organic solute from a dilute aqueous solution.

ISSN:0037-2366    

DOI:10.1080/00372367108056037

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Using a recycle foam separation apparatus, the foam fractionation distribution factor, γ/C, of the anionic metal nitro complexes of mercury(II) with the cationic surfactant, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, was determined. The distribution factor was measured as a function of nitric acid concentration. The maximum occurred at 0.1Nnitric acid, which is in agreement with the anionic ion-exchange column distribution coefficient. Total reflux foam fractionation experiments yielded a 150-fold increase in the enrichment factor with a 20% recovery of the mercury(II) ion.

ISSN:0037-2366    

DOI:10.1080/00372367108056038

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Electrochromatography of forty-six metal ions has been performed in fifteen electrolytes on papers impregnated with titanium tungstate by applying different electrical potentials and allowing different time intervals for migration. On the basis of the differential mobility of the cations, which depend on the nature of the complexes formed with the background electrolytes and the ion exchange properties of titanium tungstate, a large number of binary and ternary separations have been achieved. The separations of one metal ion from numerous metal ions have also been accomplished. For example, the following difficult and important separations have been made: Cu2+-Cd2+-Bi3+, Ag+-Cu2+-Au3+, Pd2+-Pt4+-Ir4+, Hg2+-Cd2+-Zn2+, Ag+-Pt4+, Au3+-Pt4+, Cd2+-Bi3+Bi3+-Pb2+, Bi3+-Hg2+, Pd2+-Ru3+, Ga3+-In3+, La3+-Ce4+, Hg22+-Hg2+, Mg2+-Al3+, Hg2+from forty-five cations, Au3+from forty-one cations, Pd2+from forty-three cations. Magnesium and palladium have been quantitatively separated in 100–200 μg quantities from binary mixtures as well as from synthetic mixtures containing commonly interfering metals.

ISSN:0037-2366    

DOI:10.1080/00372367108056039

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Neodymium, samarium, and gadolinium were separated by a liquid-liquid chromatographic technique. Sulfuric acid was more effective than hydrochloric or nitric acid as an eluent with di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (EHPA) as the stationary phase. Recovery of 45% of the neodymium as >90% Nd2O3, 84% of the samarium as>99% Sm2O3, and 50% of the gadolinium as>99% Gd2O3was achieved. The degree of separation and the time required for the separation can be varied by changing the concentration of the eluent and the number of stages in the system. A system comprising a primary amine organic extractant and an aqueous eluent containing diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) was less effective for separating the rare earths.

ISSN:0037-2366    

DOI:10.1080/00372367108056040

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Basic equations are derived to relate the chromatographic separation time to operational parameters, which are chosen to ensure that they can be experimentally measured. The most important of these parameters are the available pressure-drop across the column, the extracolumrrcontributions to band broadening, the plate height of the column itself, the parameters that determine the plate height, the column length, and the separation factor. The derivation is presented in such a way as to stress the assumptions often implicitly introduced in the theory.

ISSN:0037-2366    

DOI:10.1080/00372367108056041

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A systematic approach for selecting centrifuges and rotors is explained on the basis of their performance parameters. While a parametric numberδST, essentially a function of sedimentation coefficient and rotor speed, is used to characterize batch centrifugation, an analogous parametric numberSTYis introduced to specify continuous centrifugation and modified to describe semicontinuous centrifugation. A graphic technique is explained for determining the maximum possible output from a semicontinuous flow centrifuge; this procedure permits convenient selection of the optimal core for a given rotor bowl.

ISSN:0037-2366    

DOI:10.1080/00372367108056042

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A method is proposed by which an experimental quantity of a pure con-former can be stabilized and isolated for the separate study of its reactions. Similarly, isotopic compounds can be enriched on a laboratory scale. Due to the low-temperature feature of the proposed method, microwave spectroscopy can be applied to volatilizable large molecules.

ISSN:0037-2366    

DOI:10.1080/00372367108056043

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor