ISSN:0144-6665    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1995.tb01052.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study assesses the sufficiency of Ajzen's (1985) theory of planned behaviour in predicting intentions to commit each of three driving violations involving poor lane discipline: cutting across traffic to leave a motorway; weaving in and out of two lanes of slow‐moving traffic; and overtaking on the inside. Behavioural intention was predicted reasonably well by the three main constructs of the theory of planned behaviour. However, the addition of measures of anticipated regret and moral norm substantially improved prediction in each case, suggesting that personal normative influence is an important factor in shaping intentions to perform behaviours that are antisocial or socially controversial. The development of a belief‐based measure of perceived behavioural control is also conside

ISSN:0144-6665    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1995.tb01053.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Using the Katz‐Braly checklist subjects (N= 65) assigned five traits to a national group and estimated the percentage of group members who had those traits. This was either an in‐group (Australians) or an out‐group (Americans), and subjects either judged that group alone (one‐group conditions) or also estimated the percentage of people from the other nation (the United States or Australia, respectively) who had those same traits (two‐group conditions). Across one‐group conditions there was a significant out‐group homogeneity effect with traits being seen to apply to more Americans than Australians, but there was no such effect across the two‐group conditions. These findings were predicted on the basis of self‐categorization theory's analysis of the role of comparative context in determining level of social categorization. Across two‐group conditions non‐stereotypic traits were also applied to fewer in‐group than out‐group members. This result suggests that trait favourableness is an important normative—motivational determinant of perceived homogeneity. A second experiment (N= 297) confirmed this point through an additional manipulation of the favourableness of checklist traits. This study also replicated the effect for comparative context. Implications for the analysis of social categorization, perceived group homogeneity and

ISSN:0144-6665    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1995.tb01054.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The theory of reasoned action was tested in a field study for its ability to predict behaviour at the organizational level of analysis. The study also investigated the role of personal belief salience in improving the explanatory abilities of the theory of reasoned action, and in providing additional guidance as to key differences in belief salience between groups. Key informants in 70 medium and large companies, 35 users of market research and 35 non‐users, were interviewed about their attitudes towards the commissioning of market research in the next 12 months, and their perceptions of the beliefs of their socially normative referents. A measure of personal belief salience was also used. Data on actual behaviour was collected 12 months later. The results demonstrate that the model is at least as successful at explaining behaviour at an organizational level as at an individual level. With the use of a measure of personal belief salience not only can overall attitudes be predicted much more accurately, but these salient attitudes differentiate between users and non‐users of marketing research and can thus be used for differential targeting of persuasive communicati

ISSN:0144-6665    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1995.tb01055.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In spite of the success achieved by the theory of reasoned action, researchers continue to suggest that new components should be added to the original model. Indeed, Ajzen has himself acknowledged that some behaviours may be subject to control problems and thus proposed the theory of planned behaviour to handle behaviours of this kind. This study set out to explore the predictive superiority of the revised theory of planned behaviour by focusing on blood donation, a behavioural domain in which volitional control was thought to be incomplete. It was also the intention to explore the extent to which the belief‐based measure of attitude exists as a multidimensional construct. An Ajzen&Fishbein type questionnaire was administered to 141 undergraduate students. Multiple regression analyses provided strong support for the theory of planned behaviour, suggesting that perception of control has an important impact on a person's behavioural motivation. Also, some support for a multidimensional representation of the belief‐based measure of attitude was provi

ISSN:0144-6665    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1995.tb01056.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two experiments were conducted to explore whether activating occupation stereotypes primes sex stereotypes or whether the reverse is more likely. A reaction time paradigm was used to distinguish between four alternative hypotheses about this issue. More specifically, subjects were exposed to sex‐occupation or occupation‐sex word pairs and asked to press one of two buttons depending upon their perceptions of the compatibility of the two words. Although consistent word pairs were responded to more quickly than inconsistent ones, varying the order in which the words were presented (sex first or occupation first) did not interact with this factor. This pattern of findings contradicts the widely held notion that there is an asymmetrical relationship between the two kinds of stereoty

ISSN:0144-6665    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1995.tb01057.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The present study was undertaken to assess the utility of the theory of planned behaviour, using separate measures of the two variables that are considered to comprise the notion of perceived behavioural control, namely, beliefs concerning the controllability of the behaviour and efficacy expectancies. The study was concerned with the prediction of intentions to engage in regular exercise (for at least 20 minutes, three times a week for a fortnight) and actual exercise behaviour. A sample of 146 undergraduate subjects participated in the study. It was prospective in design; measures of attitudes, norms, intentions, perceived control and self‐efficacy were obtained at the first wave of data collection, while actual behaviour was assessed two weeks later. The results of the study revealed support for the view that separate measures of self‐efficacy and perceived behavioural control should be employed in the theory of planned behaviour. In the first instance, confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the two variables could be empirically distinguished. Second, the effects of perceived behavioural control and self‐efficacy on behavioural intentions and actual behaviour differed. As predicted, efficacy expectancies influenced behavioural intentions, but not actual behaviour. In contrast, levels of perceived behavioural control had no effect on behavioural intentions, but emerged as a significant (positive) predictor of actual behaviour (there was also evidence that the effects of intentions on behaviour were moderated by the level of perceived behavioural con

ISSN:0144-6665    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1995.tb01058.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0144-6665    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1995.tb01059.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY