ISSN:0926-9959    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3083.1993.tb00015.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe studied neuroendocrine mediator regulation of adhesion and motility of human epidermal keratinocytes (EK) and found that cholinergic compounds control EK cell‐matrix and cell‐cell attachment. In this study, we tested the anti‐acantholytic activity of muscarinic agonists in pemphigus and non‐pemphigus acantholysis, and investigated the effects of pemphigus antibody (Pab) on the the keratinocyte muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR). Acantholysis produced by Pab from two patients with pemphigus vulgaris was compared with acantholysis induced by the serine protease trypsin. the calcium chelator EOT A or the muscarinic antagonist atropine. Trypsinized EK first lost contact with microplate surface and then retracted their intercellular filaments. EDTA‐treated cells first detached from each other and then from the dish. EK cultures treated with Pab or atropine rounded up and retracted their intercellular filaments simultaneously, although it took hours to obtain acantholysis with Pab treatment compared to several seconds with atropine treatment. Addition of acetylcholine or other muscarinic agonists (bethanechol. carbachol or methacholine) to acantholytic cultures reversed both pemphigus and non‐pemphigus acantholysis. Acantholysis induced by atropine reversed spontaneously. Short‐term preexposure of EK to Pab significantly increased, and long‐term preexposure significantly decreased, the [3H]atropine binding to keratinocyte mAChR. We conclude that muscarinic agonists reverse various types of acantholysis. including acantholysis induced by Pab, and that binding of Pab to EK may affect the ability of keratinocyte mAChR to b

ISSN:0926-9959    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3083.1993.tb00016.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0926-9959    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3083.1993.tb00017.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are cell surface glycoproteins expressed on several different cell lineages and involved in cell‐cell and cell‐matrix interactions in various physiological and pathological conditions.Numerous studies have shown that CAMs, a very substantial class of molecules subdivided into four families (integrins. the immunoglobulin‐gene family, cudherins and lectin‐like CAMs). are involved in the interaction of lymphocytes with keratinocytes, endothelial ceils and inter‐and perivascular connective cells.Researchers have found a marked increase in the expression of CAMs with respect to normal skin in a variety of dermatoses, such as cutaneous necrotizing vasculitis. capillarities from unknown origin (purpura pigmentosa chronica). alopecia areata, lichen planus, systemic selerosis, psoriasis, etc. In the inflammatory and neoplastic skin diseases considered in this review, the adhesion molecules found to be chiefly expressed are ELAM‐1, ICAM‐I and LFA‐I. This suggests that, predominantly, these adhesion molecules participate in the complex pathogenetic mechanisms conditioning the onset and development of these diseases. Knowledge of interaction mechanisms has led to identification of the role played by CAMs in the pathogenesis of these diseases and may represent a useful aid in the diagnosis and perhaps treatment of numerous s

ISSN:0926-9959    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3083.1993.tb00018.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about skin changes associated with or caused by alcohol intake.Patients and methodsIn this open study, 65 patients affected with rosacea, rubeosis faciei, pruritus, eczema, non‐healing ulcers and psoriasis were examined for signs of high alcohol intake. Thirty‐two had elevated aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and/or gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels. These patients were interviewed about their drinking habits. As ASAT and/or GGT had been found elevated, it was suggested that they abstain from alcohol. Of the 32 patients with a confirmed regular alcohol intake eight dropped out. The remaining 24 accepted the suggestion and came back for monthly clinical and laboratory controls. Their laboratory values normalized in 2‐3 months parallel with healing or improvement of skin symptoms. The 32 patients with dermatoses associated with high alcohol intake were found in a series of 900 consecutive new patients, i.e., over 3%.ConclusionsDermatological patients with increase of ASAT and/or GGT of unknown origin should be suspected to have a high alcohol intake. These patients should be persuaded to try total abstinence for at least 2 months before initiating any dermatological trea

ISSN:0926-9959    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3083.1993.tb00019.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOur study is the first international report on cutaneous Lyme disease in Greece. Our purpose was, firstly, to assess the advisability of carrying out specific serological testing in the case of skin conditions certainly or possibly related toBorrelia burgadorferi(Bb) and, secondly, to evaluate the necessity and efficacy of treatment. Our research was carried out between 1988 and 1991 on 68 patients suffering from cutaneous diseases generally related to Bb and 57 control subjects. Specific IgM and IgG antibodies were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and titers>1/256 were considered as positive. All 57 control subjects were negative. Eighteen out of the 68 patients (26.5%) were positive. Five out of the eight patients (62.5%) with cutaneous diseases certainly related to Bb, and 13 out of the 60 patients (21.6%) with skin diseases possibly related to Bb, were positive. The high percentage (26.5%) in skin diseases generally related to Bb suggests that patients with all these diseases should be tested by IFA. Negative results in control patients confirm the specificity of IFA and indicate that it is unnecessary to perform this investigation in the absence of specific clinical manifestations. Even though we regard scleroderma to be a late form of cutaneous borreliosis, it shows a favorable response to therapy, whereas granuloma annulare, even after liter elimination, remains clinically unchanged. Treatment should be administered not only to patients with high titers, but must he regarded as essential in all seropositive cases with dermatoses generally related to borreliosis, in view of the possibility of a late manifestation of the disease

ISSN:0926-9959    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3083.1993.tb00020.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBehçet's disease is a multisystem disease with both mucosal and systemic presentations, infrequently seen in the UK and Northern Europe. We present the case of a 23‐year‐old Caucasian girl who presented with mucosal ulceration and in whom diagnosis was assisted by HLA tes

ISSN:0926-9959    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3083.1993.tb00021.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBackgroundDemodectic mites can be readily studied on the eyelid margin.MethodsThis was undertaken by scanning electron microscopy of the skin of the lid margin of full thickness eyelid specimens obtained by surgery.ResultsThe whole life cycle ofDemodex folliculorum, including the egg, nymph and adult stages was observed by electron microscopy of this region. The tails of adult mites protrude from hair follicles and also lie close to eyelashes either singly or in groups.ConclusionsThe eyelid littoral appears to be a significant site for egg laying by demodectic mites, and both intact and broken eggs have been seen. At the other end of the life cycle when adult mites die the protruding opisthosoma develops cracks in the carapace and the tail breaks off. Spillage of abdominal contents occurs which can carry fungi and bacteria on to the skin surface. All stages of the parasite including numerous casts of the ecdysed carapace contribute to debris found on the skin surface of the eyelid.

ISSN:0926-9959    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3083.1993.tb00022.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBackgroundα‐2‐lnterferon (α2‐IFN) is recommended as an effective agent for the treatment of epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma (EKS).ObjectiveTrial of efficacy of low dose α2,‐IFN plus Zidovudine (AZT) for the treatment of EKS.Study designNon‐randomised study.SubjectsTen homosexual or bi‐sexual male patients with cutaneous lesions of Kaposi's Sarcoma, divided into two equal groups.InterventionHigh doseα2‐IFN (10‐30 million units/three times per week) alone,orcombination oflow doseα2‐IFN (5 million units three times per week) with AZT (500 mg/day).ResultsHigh dose, IFN: 3 stable disease and 2 disease progression.Low dose, IFN plus AZT: 1 complete remission, 2 partial remissions and 2 stable disease.OutcomePreliminary results suggest the usefulness of low dose α2‐IFN plus AZT in the treatment of cutaneous lesions of EKS wit

ISSN:0926-9959    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3083.1993.tb00023.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPneumocystis cariniipneumonia (PCP) is a frequent complication of immunosuppression secondary to infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The use of primary and secondary prophylaxis for many of the opportunist infections associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have reduced their incidence and prophylaxis for PCP is no exception. There are, however, still problems associated with the different regimens currently widely used. The efficacy, toxicity and cost of prophylaxis agents are considered.

ISSN:0926-9959    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3083.1993.tb00024.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY