摘要:

The stable products of radiolysis of 1,4-dichlorobutane (1,4-DCB) and 1,4-dichlorobutene-2 (1,4-DCB-2) gamma-irradiated in an oxygen-free atmosphere were investigated. The pure products of radiolysis were separated by preparative gas chromatography and identified by NMR and mass spectroscopy as well as qualitative gas chromatography. The compounds formed were determined by potentiometric analysis and quantitative gas chromatography. From the 1,4-DCB we have obtained in the gas phase: HCI, CH3CI, 1-chlorobutane and the 1,3− and 1,4-isomers of dichlorobutane; in the liquid phase: 1,3-dichlorobutane, 1,1,4− and 1,2,4-isomers of trichlorobutane, the dimer and trimer of the initial compound. From the 1,4-DCB-2 we have found in the gas phase: HCI and cis, transisomers of the initial compound; in the liquid phase: 3,4-dichlorobutene-1, 1,2,4-trichlorobutane and a mixture of the oligomers of 1,4-DCB-2 (dimer and trimer). On the basis of the results obtained a preliminary scheme for the formation of the stable products is proposed.

ISSN:0033-7579    

DOI:10.1080/00337578608208740

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The spectrum of electrons transmitted through an aluminum film in the case of low energy electron (<10 keV) incidence has been investigated. Both the energy loss straggling due to inelastic interactions and the angular distribution due to elastic interactions were considered. Calculations have been made based on several theoretical methods with inelastic and elastic scattering crosssections obtained from, respectively, the electron gas model and the Hartree-Fock-Wigner-Seitz model. Results of our calculations were compared with the experimental data.

ISSN:0033-7579    

DOI:10.1080/00337578608208741

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We calculate the average energy transfer and its straggling for a projectile colliding with inner shell electrons. The summation over allowed final states is performed explicitly, without using mean excitation energies or partial sum rules. We discuss the validity of the assumption of distant collisions and the dipole approximation, and apply them to the stopping power and straggling increase per unit path length for protons channeled in Si. A comparison is made with previous theoretical models and with experimental results, showing that the contribution obtained for inner shell electrons improves the agreement of the calculated stopping power with measured values over a wide range of collision velocities. It is also shown that the straggling due to inner shell electrons can be neglected.

ISSN:0033-7579    

DOI:10.1080/00337578608208742

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

TREATMENT OF INTEGRAL EQUATIONS BY NUMERICAL METHODS. Based on the Proceedings of a Symposium held in Durham from July 19-29, 1982, organized under the auspices of the London Mathematical Society. Edited by Christopher T. H. Baker and Geoffrey F. Miller. Academic Press, 1982. ISBN 0-12-074120-2.

ISSN:0033-7579    

DOI:10.1080/00337578608208743

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor