ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

There are continuing controversial issues surrounding the use of midline catheters. Nurses selecting catheter devices need to be knowledgeable about risk factors associated with device use, including catheter materials, site selection, therapy administration, and dwell time. It is critical that nurses review research results and evaluate and apply such results to their clinical practice. The use of research findings and the influence of such research on midline catheter usage are reviewed.

ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Sepsis is a complication that can present during the neonatal period. Diagnosis and treatment of the septic newborn presents clinical and psychosocial challenges for the healthcare team, family, and reimbursement source. The challenges associated with the identification and treatment of neonatal sepsis are explored.

ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article evaluates recent research results comparing two different methods for obtaining complete blood cell counts and chemistry profiles from central venous catheters. Complete blood cell count and chemistry profile samples were obtained from 25 patients at three hospital-based infusion clinics. The results indicate no appreciable difference between these two methods. Minimizing risks of blood loss, blood exposure to healthcare personnel, potential specimen contamination, and erroneous reporting are benefits of the push-pull method.

ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Viral hepatitis is a term commonly used for several clinically similar, yet etiologically and epidemiologically distinct, diseases. Five human hepatitis viruses have been identified. Hepatitis A, B, C, and D are endemic in the United States; hepatitis E is rarely reported in the United States, and most U.S. cases are seen in persons who have traveled to areas where hepatitis E is endemic. Hepatitis A and E are transmitted by the fecal-oral route; hepatitis B, C, and D are blood-borne diseases. Hepatitis A and B have been recognized as separate entities since the early 1940s and can be diagnosed by serologic tests. Tests are available to detect the antibody to hepatitis C and D virus; no commercial test is available to diagnose hepatitis E. Hepatitis A, B, and D can be prevented by vaccine, but no vaccines are available for hepatitis C or E.

ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

After a catheter-induced subclavian thrombosis, a continuous quality improvement (CQI) study was undertaken to answer the question: Are midclavicular lines appropriate in high-risk obstetric patients? This article reports the findings of a retrospective chart audit that described 32 consecutively placed midclavicular lines in a high-risk obstetric population. Study variables included maternal and catheter characteristics, as well as dwell time and rationales for line discontinuance. Therapy was completed in 68%. There were no episodes of noncompliance, catheter malfunction, or bleeding. Episodes of phlebitis and occlusion were relatively uncommon; positive cultures occurred in six catheter tips but were unaccompanied by any clinical evidence indicative of bacteremia or catheter sepsis. However, given the growing recognition of the risks of subclinical and clinical thrombosis endemic to the midclavicular position, increasing reports of malposition that are logistically unable to address, and the growing number of osmotically active solutions being used that are not suited to anything other than superior vena cava dilution, the authors have stopped placing midclavicular catheters in the high-risk obstetric population.

ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Background: The risk of complications in peripheral intravenous therapy is higher on the second day of therapy and may continue to increase with time, making routine restarts after 3 days a common practice. The objective of the study was to determine whether the risks of complications after a peripheral IV catheter restart after 72 hours are less than the risks of complications if the therapy is continued to 96 hours.Methods: A retrospective chart review was completed for 722 patients in a community hospital with peripheral IV catheters for IV fluids or saline locks. Measurements collected were IVtherapy start date, number of restarts, termination date, and reason for termination; the data were analyzed using risk models.Results: There were 596 uncomplicated therapies. Complications prompted termination in 188 cases. The average duration of therapy was 1.8 days. The probability of complications was least in the first 24 hours, (0.074; standard deviation [SD], 0.013), and increased to 0.176 (SD, ± 0.026) in the 24− to 48-hour period. The probability of a complication in the 48− to 72-hour period and the 72− to 96-hour period was 0.130 (SD, 0.026). A restarted catheter has a significanly higher risk of complication in its first 24 hours than does an initial catheter.Conclusions: From these results, the authors conclude that restarting cathether at 72 hours does not reduce the risk of the complication in the next 24 hours when compared with simply continuing the therapy with the original catheter. Additional studies should be conducted to justify a policy of automatically restarting therapy after 72 hours.

ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID