摘要:

Capsaicin, the active ingredient in hot peppers, produces a long-lasting reduction of nociceptive reactions in rodents through a selective toxic action on afferent C-fibres. Immediate effects on C-fibre conduction are also found in other mammalian species and a reduction in nociceptive responses from human skin occurs following topical application. Direct application to nerve trunks may be expected to produce a useful degree of regional analgesia in man. Since this effect would occur without any anaesthesia or paralysis, it appears worth investigating as a treatment for pain of peripheral origin in man.

ISSN:0749-8047    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A common complication of bone marrow transplantation is mucositis affecting the tongue, floor of the mouth, or buccal mucosa. Pain associated with the mucositis can be severe and add to the debilitation and further hardship suffered by these patients. Although a number of different methods exist, topical cocaine appears to be a useful adjuvant in the control of oral mucositis pain.

ISSN:0749-8047    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This was one of a series of studies to examine the validity of the Oucher, an instrument designed to measure children's self-reports of pain in-tensity. Ninety-five 3− to 12-year-old hospitalized children were included in one or more parts of this descriptive methodological study. Findings indicated that pain scores conformed to expected patterns before and after surgery. Moderate, positive relationships were revealed between pain intensity and the number of doses of analgesics given. Relationships between the Oucher and two other pain measures used were found to be strong and positive. Conclusions indicated that the results provided evidence to support the construct validity of this new instrument.

ISSN:0749-8047    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) was used for the relief of musculoskeletal pain in 25 Nigerians (12 women, 13 men). Only six of these patients (24%) were loaned the TENS units for home use. The rest of the patients (76%) could only receive transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for about half an hour, while at the pain clinic. This was because: (a) the operational instructions of the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator were too elaborate for the patient to comprehend, and/or; (b) the patient could not afford a TENS unit and/or; (c) there were not enough transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulators. Satisfactory results were reported by those patients who could borrow the nerve stimulators for use at home. The cost of modern trans-cutaneous electrical nerve stimulators and the rather exhaustive point by point operational instructions, make this device far too sophisticated for the average patient attending the pain clinic. Unless simpler and cheaper transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulators become available, it is unlikely that this mode of pain therapy will, in the foreseeable future, attain any more than academic interest status in a developing country such as Nigeria.

ISSN:0749-8047    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A TENS using an experimental, symmetrical biphasic waveform was used to treat 65 back pain patients. The control was conventional high rate Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator (TENS) administered every other day in a 5-day crossover study. Visual analog scales were used to evaluate pain before and after treatment. Daily patient interviews were used to compare the length of carryover pain relief after treatment. The carryover pain relief with the new waveform was found to be longer, p < 0.01. Patients preferred the new waveform over the conventional TENS, p < 0.05. The new waveform pain relief was greater, but was not statistically significant, p = 0.07. The sensation of the new waveform in its present form was judged slightly less pleasant by some patients.

ISSN:0749-8047    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Continuous intravenous infusions of fentanyl citrate were administered to 15 patients during 20 episodes of pain refractory to intermittent narcotic boluses. The infusions were administered for 0.5–33 days (median: 11 days). Adequate pain control was achieved at the median dose of 3.6 μg/kg/h (range: 0.8–243.8 μg/kg/h) during 14 of the 20 infusions. The major toxicities of the fentanyl infusions were dose-limiting respiratory depression (transient during two infusions, persistent during three infusions) and significant central nervous system (CNS) toxicity in three patients when fentanyl was given con-currently with another CNS-toxic drug. One patient developed acute aphonia felt to be related to fentanyl.

ISSN:0749-8047    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

d-Phenylalanine (DPA) has received a good deal of attention as a nutritional analgesic agent. The present study was undertaken to evaluate this possibility. Thirty patients who had completed a 4-week program at a pain control facility and who still had significant chronic low back pain were offered the opportunity to take DPA to ascertain its effect in pain relief. DPA has been associated with marked improvement from pain in several small studies involving humans and laboratory animals. The physiologic basis for this has been attributed to enkephalinase inhibition resulting in increased levels of endogenous opioids. The patients had been previously trained to evaluate their pain and activity levels during their in-patient stay at the pain control facility. They were randomly provided with either oral placebo or DPA (250 mg four times a day) for 4 weeks. At the end of the 4-week period, patients were crossed-over to the opposite regimen. Neither patient nor supervising physician were aware of the content of the capsules. Patients were evaluated at the beginning, midpoint, and end of drug administration with urinalysis, complete blood counts, blood chemistry profiles, and blood pressure measurements. Sixteen patients completed the study. Statistical analysis of the results did not show any significiant benefit of DPA on pain perception, activity, or productivity scores. Four patients complained of significant side-effects (nausea, muscle cramps); two of these patients discontinued their participation in the study. This study does not support the generalized use of DPA as an analgesic agent in the treatment of low back pain, although it may have value in other types of pain.

ISSN:0749-8047    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Acknowledgment of the complexities involved in the treatment of chronic pain patients has resulted in the use of multidisciplinary teams. Unfortunately, such teams often consist of professionals who have little direct communication or common philosophy, providing the services. The professionals function in an autonomous fashion. Important individuals, who should be included within the “team,” are often ignored. We believe that successful rehabilitation of chronic pain patients can be best accomplished by an “interdisciplinary” team in which team members share a common philosophy; provide integrated treatment; and work in cooperation with patients, families, primary physicians, referral sources, legal, and insurance professionals. The rationale for the composition, functioning, and responsibilities of an interdisciplinary team is described.

ISSN:0749-8047    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0749-8047    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Cluster headache consists of three syndromes of unilateral, short duration headaches—episodic cluster, chronic cluster, and cluster headache variants. Episodic and chronic cluster headaches are seen predominantly in young men, while cluster-headache variant occurs almost exclusively in women. Cluster headache attacks are characterized by abrupt onset, severe unilateral pain, and ipsilateral autonomic symptoms. Treatment for cluster headache variant is indomethacin, while abortive therapy for episodic and chronic cluster includes ergotamine, oxygen, or local anesthetics. Prophylactic therapy includes methysergide, corticosteroids, lithium carbonate, and calcium-channel blockers.

ISSN:0749-8047    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID