摘要:

ABSTRACTThe reforms in many of the socialist countries have caused enterprises to re‐evaluate their structures to adapt to a more turbulent environment. In one industry, the canned and fresh fruit and vegetable industry in Poland, managers created a new association designed to serve the industry through long‐range planning and analysis of the environment. Managers from 30 enterprises in this industry were surveyed. Counter to the design of the association, managers used the association for short‐term problem solving. This study further reveals that managers believe the association should operate in this fashion. This reflects the industry's general failure to make use of the innovation and to adapt to c

ISSN:0022-2380    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6486.1991.tb00284.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis articles postulates the existence of a number of conscious and unconscious forces which make leaders reluctant to relinquish power. It is suggested that a major reason for the unwillingness to let go is the transferential effects of leadership. Both mirroring and idealizing transference reactions are discussed. In addition, there is the ageing factor which may contribute to the addictiveness of power, since ageing can evoke a strong need for compensatory strivings. the talionic principle ‐ meaning in this case the conscious or unconscious fear that the loss of power will be followed by some form of retaliation for previous acts ‐ may be another factor contributing to power's addictiveness. In this context the role of envy is emphasized. Finally, the existence of a ‘fear of nothingness’ is postulated, that is, a form of anxiety which leads to a need to defeat death by leaving some kind of legacy. It is suggested that holding onto power is linked to the fear that this legacy may be de

ISSN:0022-2380    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6486.1991.tb00285.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTAfter two decades of research, the effect of strategic planning on a firm's performance is still unclear. While some studies have found significant benefits from planning, others have found no relationship, or even small negative effects. Interpretation of these findings is confounded by the fact that many of these studies base their findings on a small number of firms. This article uses meta‐analysis to aggregate the results of 29 samples on a total of 2496 organizations. Cumulation of previous studies found modest correlations between planning and nine performance measures. Extensive measurement problems suggest that these findings underestimate the true relationship between planning and performanc

ISSN:0022-2380    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6486.1991.tb00286.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-2380    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6486.1991.tb00287.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis article is a preliminary report on an investigation into the processes of investment decision‐making. Three case studies from three firms are presented which show disparities in a number of aspects of process, for example, the length of time taken to arrive at a decision, the number and intensity of disagreements and uncertainties encountered. Data were collected for these cases through semi‐structured interviewing from multiple informants in the three organizations, thereby permitting the use of analysis of variance techniques of the different perspectives given by informants. Perceptions of the effectiveness of the decisions were also gathered. One finding from the study is that the decisions with the lowest perceived effectiveness (in firm HE) also lost support from those involved in making the decision during the process, although the decision was eventually implemented. This decision also had the least agreement amongst informants as to the main sources of disagreements. Informants of all three decisions saw effect upon product quality and productivity, fit with business strategy and competitive position of the company as the most important factors to take into account in evaluating the decisions. In firm CG, however, there were disagreements as to how the investment should be evaluated. In the conclusions to the article a disucssion is given as to the nature of evaluation procedures in relation to the developing theory of information syst

ISSN:0022-2380    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6486.1991.tb00288.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe increasing internationalization of business and the rise of dual‐earner couples in the labour force combine to make the area of international human resource management and career development complex and important. This article examines results obtained from 67 American expatriate managers (EXM) in Japan of whom 47 per cent were part of a dual‐earner couple in America. the study found that career‐oriented spouses were almost seven times as likely to find employment after an international transfer as non‐career‐oriented spouses. It is argued that because career‐oriented spouses in general were able to find employment and avoid major job interruptions, there was no significant difference between the adjustment of expatriate managers whose spouses worked in the US before the transfer but not after and EXMs whose spouses worked before and after t

ISSN:0022-2380    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6486.1991.tb00289.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY