摘要:

AbstractA study was conducted with a rotating biological contactor (RBC) for treatment of leachate from the Stringfellow hazardous waste site in Riverside County, California. The leachate was transported from California to Cincinnati, where a pilot sized RBC was installed at the U.S. EPA's Testing and Evaluation (T&E) Facility.A series of kinetic runs were made with primary effluent from the City of Cincinnati's Mill Creek Sewage Treatment Plant to develop a biomass on the disks and to obtain a standard kinetic removal rate. These runs were then followed with Stringfellow leachate experiments that included.Operations at various ratios of leachate to primary effluent.Operations at 100% leachate.Operations to increase the percentage removal of dissolved organics.This paper reports on the results from these experiments and the effectiveness of an RBC to adequately treat leachate from the Stringfellow hazardous waste site.

ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.3300070113

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn organized environmental review strategy can assist an R&D facility or organization in ensuring that their activities not only comply with applicable site and operational requirements, but also address and resolve environmental issues and costs during the process development phase of their work. It is at this stage of R&D where efforts toward minimizing generation of hazardous waste and reducing “end‐of‐the‐pipe” control in potential commercial applications can be most effective. This article presents and describes five basic concepts which, when combined, can create a strong, purposeful environmental review program. Exxon Research and Engineering Company's review process is described as a specifi

ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.3300070114

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOzonation is a technically viable wastewater treatment alternative for achieving stringent effluent limitations. Limited feasibility data have been reported in the literature on a wide range of pollutants. These data are primarily time concentration profiles for semi‐batch air‐ozone or oxygen ozone gas phase contacting with pollutant‐water systems. These data have been evaluated and correlated where possible in correlations of a form suitable for scaleup to continuous systems. Pollutants include ammonia, phenol, styrene and cya

ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.3300070115

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNanofiltration is a pressure driven membrane process between reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration. The rejection is low for salts with monovalent anion and nonionized organics with molecular weight below 150 while high for salts with di‐ and multivalent anions and organics with molecular weight above 300. Examples of applications are removal of color and TOC from Florida surface water, removal of hardness, radium, and sulfate from well water, removal of sulfate from seawater and simultaneous removal of sodium chloride and concentration of organics with molecular weight 300–1000 in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The investment cost for a nanofiltration plant is about the same as for a brackish water reverse osmosis plant, but the energy savings can be considerable by using nanofiltration instead of reverse osmo

ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.3300070116

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA multistaged combustion burner design is being evaluated on a 0.6 MW package boiler simulator for in‐furnace NOxcontrol and high combustion efficiency. A low NOxprecombustion chamber burner has been reduced in size by approximately a factor of two (from a 600 ms first‐stage residence time to 250 ms), and, for additional NOxcontrol, coupled with [1] air staging, resulting in a three‐stage configuration, and [2] natural gas fuel staging, yielding up to four stoichiometric zones. Natural gas, doped with ammonia to yield a 5.8 percent fuel nitrogen content, was used to simulate a high nitrogen content fuel/waste mixture. In low NOxburner baseline tests, without advanced staging, a 315 ppm NO emission (measured dry, corrected to zero percent O2) was measured, compared with an emission of 1000 ppm measured using a conventional, unstaged burner. Both of the multistaged combustion modifications for additional NOxcontrol reduced NO emissions by an additional 50 percent, to 160 ppm meeting the program goal. However, air staging application resulted in the entire front end of the boiler being fuel‐rich, whereas fuel staging, or reburning, in the boiler required only a small fuel‐rich flame core in the boiler. Further, no boiler penetrations were necessary with reburning modification, as staged fuel and air were injected through the boiler front wall; access for burnout air injection deep into the boiler was necessary for the air staging modification. Thus, the four‐stage configuration, combining the precombustion chamber burner and reburning, appears to be the most promising approach for minimizing NO emissions and maximizing primary fuel/waste

ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.3300070117

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study was undertaken to reduce emissions from a calciner stack. Tests were conducted to characterize the particle size distribution, effluent loading, and chemical composition. Several methods for reducing emissions were evaluated. The source of the effluent was found to be due to some combination of: excessive mist carryover from a spraytower, flashing of high solids concentration quench liquid, poor flow patterns, a large quantity of fine particles, condensation of metal vapors, or gas phase reaction which formed fine particles. A series of studies were conducted to improve the operation of the spray tower. As only limited success was achieved with these methods several other control devices were evaluated. This article discusses (1) the methodology used to evaluate the cause of the effluent problem, (2) the principles followed in obtaining a representative slipstream, and (3) the performance of the three devices tested, along with parameters which affect performance.

ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.3300070118

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.3300070101

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY