ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.670150202

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.670150203

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.670150204

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.670150205

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.670150206

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.670150207

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.670150208

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIdentifying potential solutions to complex problems using a minimum of information is important in a wide range of circumstances. Tools for this purpose are key to sound decisions and require careful thought and implementation. This article describes the development and use of a screening tool to allow a utility, Houston Lighting&Power Company, to provide technical support to its process industry customers. The objective is to provide advice to these companies regarding cost and energy efficient technologies which can address this industry's environmental and other processing problems.

ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.670150209

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA pilot scale study was performed to assess gas phase emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the dissolved air flotation process. A high degree of mass closure was observed in experiments using tapwater dosed with a cocktail of VOCs, indicating that techniques employed to characterize the pilot plant were valid. Subsequent dosed wastewater experiments examined volatilization from a wastewater matrix that contained oils and suspended solids as well as investigating the impacts of hydraulic loading and recycle rate on the fate of the VOCs in the dissolved air flotation unit. Emissions of the dosed candidate compounds, calculated as a percentage of the influent mass flow, ranged from 0.2% of 1,1,2,2‐tetrachloroethane to 9.9% of tetrachloroethylene. Hydraulic loading and compound type had a statistically significant effect on the emissions of VOCs, however, a high degree of interaction between parameters was observed. Effluent recycle had a greater effect on emissions at the higher hydraulic loading than at the lower loading. A model which incorporated stripping by bubbles, volatilization from a quiescent oil‐free surface and equilibrium partitioning to oil was developed. The model was able to simulate the candidate compound response under all experimental conditions except the case with low hydraulic loading and low recycle rate. The results suggest that the surface volatilization model may underestimate emissions. It is hypothesized that the presence of a float in the form of a foamy layer with a high surface area tends to increase liquid‐gas mass transfer of the candidate compounds over that assumed in the surface volatilization

ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.670150210

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractControlling the volatilization of organic compounds from treatment works is becoming increasingly important as the definition of industrial categorical standards for air emissions by the EPA draws nearer. In this light, specific volatilization rates of several volatile organic compounds (VOC's) contained in multimillion gallon retention (“equalization basins”) and settling (“primary clarifier”) basins were measured using a flux chamber technique, a method used by the EPA for emission measurement. In this method, the liquid surface within an enclosing chamber is swept with air at a measured rate and the gas is analyzed. The mass transfer coefficients derived from these VOC vaporization rates were equal for the primary clarifier and the equalization basins. Factors were estimated to correct for the different ambient wind conditions to which these basins are exposed. Also it was determined that the rate of volatilization of VOC's with low Henry's law constants may be underestimated by the measurement. This is a result of the gas‐phase resistance being dominant under the test conditions and the liquid‐phase resistance being dominant under normal ambient conditions, and of the assumption that the liquid‐phase resistance remains unchanged under both test and ambient conditions. The particular organics studied were acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, isopropanol, methano

ISSN:0278-4491    

DOI:10.1002/ep.670150211

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY