摘要:

ABSTRACT.Recent research suggests that in nonmonocentric cities compensation for commutes takes the form of both lower housing prices and higher wages. This paper develops a random utility model that predicts the probability of an actor choosing to commute between each residence and job in a metropolitan area conditional on the observed location of housing units and job sites. The model allows commuting time, origin‐specific amenities, land prices, destination‐specific amenities and wages to influence actors' choices. We estimate the model using maximum likelihood and generalized least squares techniques and data on commuting between each of 38 origin and 15 destination jurisdictions in the Tokyo metropolitan area.The empirical results show that, all else equal, a one percent increase in commuting time reduces the probability that a route (origin‐destination combination) will be chosen by almost five percent. Origin‐specific amenities are not completely capitalized into land prices and destination‐specific amenities are not completely capitalized into wages. Desirable residential amenities include school quality and a low ratio of day to night population. Desirable workplace amenities include a large share of white collar jobs and a high density of e

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1994.tb00869.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.This paper describes statistics for model criticism in spatial econometrics. The purpose of these statistics is to evaluate how well a chosen model fits the data and to identify influential cases and how they affect the aggregate picture. The paper reviews results in Martin (1992) for the regression model with correlated errors where the coefficients of the variance matrix are assumed either known or fixed. The problems of applying the statistics in spatial econometric modeling are discussed. An application is reported which considers diagnostics for the mean function and highlights cases that might influence estimates of the parameter of the error model. Different ways of assessing the influence of cases are also described.

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1994.tb00870.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.National and regional employment patterns are subject to growth‐instability tradeoffs. This paper applies the portfolio selection model to detailed employment data for the U.S. economy and selected states. Empirical results indicate that growth‐instability trade‐offs exist in a form not previously understood. The paper also identifies growth and stabilization potential by identifying stabilizing se

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1994.tb00871.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.We propose a mixed fixed and random coefficients framework for regional modeling. The framework allows the presence of both the region‐specific effects and commonality of responses across regions. Bayes solutions for estimating parameters of interest and for generating predictions are derived. Within a Bayesian framework a predictive density approach to evaluate the impact of changes is suggested. We apply the methodology to evaluate the impact of new rate structures on Ontario regional demand for electricit

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1994.tb00872.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The paper takes microlevel data on U.K. regional policy instruments and other financial assistance payments to industry to examine the time profile of assisted employment up to five years after the date of assistance. The theoretical analysis indicates factors bearing on the employment effect of industrial assistance and highlights the possibly key role played by the firm's access to private funds. The results from the regression analysis indicate that both the build‐up and duration of subsidy‐induced jobs vary between assistance form and firm, and that assistance is generally ineffective in large firms. Elsewhere, assisted jobs accumulate over a period of three years, but then are lost to policy at high ra

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1994.tb00873.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.This paper investigates the regional variations in the impact of technological change and in gains from consolidation among U.S. commercial banks. We estimate a multiproduct translog cost function with the appropriate regional dummy variables. Technological change, ray scale economies and scale biases in technological change are estimated for each region. Furthermore, pairwise expansion path economies between all the regions are calculated to evaluate the potential gains from interregional consolidation. In general Southwest banks had the worst and Southeast the best technological change. There is substantial disparity across regions. It also appears that technological change increased the efficient size in the Midwest and Southwest regions and reduced it in the West, Northeast and Southeast. Banks in all regions show ray economies of scale, affirming the need for larger banks if output mix remains constant. Finally, the results support takeover of regional banks by the Money Center banks but not vice‐versa, and favor consolidation among regional banks. The biggest potential gains accrue from mergers of Southeast banks with either Midwest or Southwest banks and the least gains are derived from mergers between Midwest and Southwest bank

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1994.tb00874.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.We discuss the distance to shopping in the context of three fundamental theories: The Optimal City Theory, the Central Business District Theory and a Cost‐Benefit Theory. Each is described and estimated separately by econometric models. The three theories are combined in a final model using the expansion method. The final model, including all three theories, is based on enquiry data from 15 Danish town

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1994.tb00875.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1994.tb00876.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:The Slow Plague: A Geography of the AIDS Pandemic, by Peter Gould.Economic Adaptation: Alternatives for Nonmetropolitan Areas, edited by David L. BarMey.The Rebirth of Urban Democracy, by Jeffrey M. Berry, Kent E. Portney, and Ken Thomson.Economic Logistics: The Optimization of Spatial and Sectoral Resource, Production, and Distribution Systems, by Sten Thore.Geographic Information Systems, Spatial Modeling, and Policy Evaluation, edited by Manfred M. Fischer and Peter Nijkamp.Marketing Places: Attracting Investment, Industry and Tourism to Cities, States, and Nations, by Philip Kotler, Donald H. Haider, and Irving Rein.The Language of Planning: Essays on the Origins and Ends of American Planning Thought, by Albert Z. Guttenberg.Economic Aspects of German Unification: National and International Perspectives, edited by Paul J.J. Welfens.Sustainable Development and Urban Form, edited by Michael Breheny.Japanese Cities in the World Economy, edited by Kuniko Fujita and Richard Child Hill.

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1994.tb00877.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1994.tb00878.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY