摘要:

AbstractA new Isotherm equation for pure gas adsorption is developed and tseted. In the new method, the adsorption equilibrium is treated as an osmotic equilibrium between two “vacancy” slutions having different compsoitions. One solutions represents the gas phase and the other the adsorbed phase. The vacancy solution is composed fo adsorbates and vacancies. the latter is an imaginary entity defined as the vacuum space which acts as the solvent for the system. Thermodynamic equations governignt he euilibrium of this system are used to derive the equation of state for the adsorbed phase. The non‐ideality of the adsorbed solution is accounted for in terms of an activity coefficent whose compsotion dependence is decribed by the Wilson equation. The equation of state, together the Gibbs adsorption equation, is then used in the derivaion of the adsorption isotherm equation. The developed correlation has been evalued with the adsorption isotherm data of O2, N2, and CO on zeolite 10X at 144.3 K, 172.0 K, 227.6 K and 273.2 K, and that of CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C3H8, nC4H10, and CO2on Nuxit‐AL activated carbon at 293.2 K, 313.2K, 333.2 K and 363.2 K. For both adsorbents, the correlations are better than those obtained by any other adsorption model which has been extended to gas mixtures. The parametes obtained from the pure component data can be use to predicta priori, gas‐mixture e

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690260112

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA new correlation that improves predictions of gas mixtrue adsorption equilibria from single‐component adsorption isotherm data is eveloped, based on the vacancy solution theory. In this theory, the adsorbed phase and the gas phase are treated as two cavancy solutions. The vacancy is an imaginary solvent occupying spaces that will be filled by adsorbates. The composition relationship between the two phases is derived from thermodynamic equilibrium criteria. The non‐ideality of the absorbed solution is accounted for by an acitivity coefficient, whose composition dependence is described by the Wilson equation. For an adsorption system, the binary parameters, adsorbate and vacancy, can be obtained from regression of the pure gas adsorptio data with the cavancy solution isotherm equation. These parameters are then used to predict multicomponent adsorption equilibirum, assuming hat the adsorbate‐adsorbate interactions are negligible. The new correlation has been tested on two different kinds of binary adsorption systems. The new method is more geneeral, simpler to apply, and more accurate than other available models. The predictions can be further improved by taking into account the assorbate‐adsorbate inter

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690260113

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThere are several ways to remove minral matter from coal‐derived liquids: antisolvent agglomeration and subsequent sedimentation is one. Adding antisolvent to coal liquids causes asphaltenes and/or preasphaltenes in the oil to precipitate. The precipitated asphaltenes then agglomerate the paraticles, increasing the sedimentation rate. The magnitude of this increase depend no the mixing conditions used to dispers the antisolvent in the oil.This article discuss the results of sedimentation experiments performed onthe antisolvent addition to coal liquids, using an x‐ray detection system. The system has the capacity of high temperature (up to 315°C) and high pressure (up to 2.75 7 × 106Pa). The important parameters are the mixing time, the impeller speed, and the antisolvent addition rate. These are studied in detail for the antisolvent So

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690260114

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe governing equations describing the flow of an unequal phase velocity, equal phase temperature (UVET) seriated two‐phase continuum as derived by Solbrig and Hughes (1978) are solved in this article, in one space dimension. A simple implicit iterative solution procedure is developed to numerically evaluate the five non‐linear coupled field equations. Analytical solutions are developed, against which the computer code results are compared. The prototype UVET code results are compared to the equivalent equal phase velocity, equal phase temperature (EVET) code results for the same problem. Major phenomena such as phase flow reversal, counter‐current flow and flooding‐like behavior are pr

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690260115

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe consistency of a chemical reaction scheme depends in part on the numerical values given for its kinetic and thermodynamic constants. Part I of the present two‐part treatment provides (1) a systematic procedure to reduce the given values to a self‐consistent form, and (2) a proper selection of parameters whenever the values are to be improved by a subsequent regression analysis. Various completeness and consistency tests are described, including a search for illegal reaction loops arising from assumptions of irreversibility. The procedure is implemented on a computer and is illustrated with two examp

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690260116

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSimulation of chemical reactors requires the formulation of mass balances, often coupled with thermodynamic constraints such as ionization and chemisorption equilibria. We provide a systematic procedure for selecting the smallest sufficient set of dependent variables and a corresponding set of mass balances. The procedure depends on the type of reactor, and is developed for two common reactor types. The procedure is implemented on a computer and illustrated by examples from catalysis and electrochemistry.

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690260117

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe facilitated transport of carbon monoxide through thin, immobilized films of cuprous chloride solutions is investigated, using a tracerC14Otechnique. Steady‐state tracer flux measurements are used to determine the second‐order forward rate constant and equilibrium constant for the reversible reaction ofCOwith cuprous ion. The enchanced results at lowCOpartial pressures can be interpreted in terms of a consecutive reaction model. The cuprous ion is remarkably effective as a carrier forCO. TheCOpermeation rate in the presence of cuprous ion can be increased by two orders of magnitude over the nonfacilitated flux. As such, the cuprous ion is an attractive facilitating agent for use in a membrane separation sys

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690260118

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe theory of equilibrium staged parametric pumps with discrete fluid transfers has been presented in previous papers for total reflux. Here, it is extended to open, fractionating systems, operating in cyclic steady state. The cases of and enriching section, a stripping section, and a complete fractionating apparatus are successively considered. Providing adequate variables are defined, the result is a diagram which plays the same role as the McCabe‐Thiele diagram in distillation. The optimal feed stage location, the minimum reflux, and the separation factor for given operating conditions are determined analytically and graphically in the case of linear equilibrium isotherms. The method is then generalized to non‐linear equilibria, particularly of constant relative volatility t

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690260119

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690260120

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690260121

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY