ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690190402

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPerturbation methods relate thermodynamic and transport properties of the system of interest (gas or liquid) to the known properties of some reference system; commonly used reference substances are hard sphere fluids and argon. Developments since 1967 are reviewed for both types of approach, with emphasis on applications to liquid mixtures of practical interest. Calculations for liquid mixtures of simple and complex molecules, gas solubility in liquids, fused salts, electrolytes, solvent extraction systems, and liquid metals are reviewed.

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690190403

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe diffusion coefficientsDofn‐hexane and of naphthalene in a series of hydrocarbon liquids with viscosities μ from 5 · 10−4to 5 kg m−1sec−1(0.5 to 5000 centipoise) have been measured at 25°C with a one Savart plate wavefront‐shearing interferometer. This apparatus allows direct determinations at effectively infinite dilution. The values obtained suggest that for a small solute diffusing in a large solvent\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \begin{array}{*{20}c} {D\mu ^{2/3} } & = & {{\rm constant}} \\ \end{array} $$\end{document}a result consistent with earlier studies. The exponent of 2/3 may be rationalized on the basis of the Eyring

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690190404

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGas‐liquid chromatography is used to measure polymer‐solvent interactions in polymer solutions where the solvent is at infinite dilution. Experimental data are presented for 24 binary polymer‐solvent systems in the temperature range 50° to 150°C. A simple relation exists between the experimental retention volume data and the infinite dilution volatility; this volatility can be used to calculate the solvent vapor pressure over the polymer solution up to about 0.1 weight fraction solvent. Using concepts from the Prigogine‐Flory theory of polymer solutions, Flory‐HugginsXparameters for some polymer‐hydrocarbon systems were correlated with the hydrocarbon's normal boilin

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690190405

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPhysical adsorption errors accumulate in the isothermal BurnettPvTapparatus. The equations describing this sequential phenomena plus diagnostic methods and correction procedures are given. Shift of the apparent volume ratio, the prinicipal indication of significant adsorption, is related to the difference between the surface and volume ratios. The effect of adsorption on the usual Burnett graphs follows from real and simulated data examples. Isochoric coupling as related to the adsorption problem is fully reviewed.Experiences with chemisorption are related and explained for the first time. Molecular association, which is properly measured by the Burnett apparatus, is compared to adsorption where the two phenomena coexist.

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690190406

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMeasurements of the size and rate of shedding of wakes of drops, average drop holdup and velocity of the continuous phase as functions of drop size for kerosene, hexane, and benzene dispersed in water in a liquid‐liquid fluidized bed are reported. The average drop size ranged between 3.3 and 4.8 mm. The water velocity was 5.0 to 12.05 cm/s. The average drop hold up was 0.065 to 0.560.The ratio of wake to drop volume was 0.2 to 2.4, and the rate of wake shedding, reported as time of wake transfer units, was 0.7 to 2.4. At low drop holdups, the effect of single drops and groups of drops is dominant. At high drop holdups, the effect of neighboring drops and wakes is dominant. The wake size is correlated with slip velocity and can be calculated from empirical holdup measurement

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690190407

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLiquid molar volumes and excess volumes have been experimentally determined for some methane‐rich binary and ternary mixtures containing ethane, propane, isobutane, and nitrogen between 91 and 115 K. A gas expansion type system calibrated against pure methane densities was used to make the necessary pure fluid and mixture measurements.The best of the available density correlations predicts the experimental methane‐ethane molar volumes within ±0.2%, while larger systematic deviations are found for the methane‐propane and methane‐isobutane systems. Molar volumes for methane‐nitrogen and ternary mixtures containing nitrogen diverge strongly from the correlation predictions at 108 K and higher temperatures. An empirical scheme is proposed for predicting molar volumes of methane‐rich liquefied natural gases using reported methane‐ethane and methane‐nitrogen excess volumes. This method predicts all binary and ternary molar volumes from this investigat

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690190408

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCyclic Polyethers acting as mobile carriers in facilitated transport can cause changes of as much as three orders of magnitude in the fluxes of various cations across liquid membranes. The cyclic polyether dibenzo‐18‐crown‐6 (2,3,11,12‐dibenzo‐1,4,7,10,13,16‐hexaoxacyclooctadeca‐2,11‐diene) was used in this work to achieve such a large selectivity. The results show that a primary factor leading to the selectivity is the ratio of unsolvated cation radius to polyether central ring radius. The implication is that by selecting a polyether with a desired central ring radius, any two cations of slightly different radius can be separa

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690190409

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA liquid membrane consisting of an oil layer contained between two aqueous phases was found to leak when used to transport ions selectively from one adjacent phase to another. The source of the difficulty was found to be the formation of a separate aqueous phase within the oil layer. This phase could be eliminated by increasing the pressure within the oil layer.The pressure stabilized membrane was then tested and the observed rates of mass and electrical transport compared with values computed using a mathematical model. The comparisons were satisfactory considering the fact that no adjustable parameters were used to fit the data.

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690190410

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe three‐parameter tabular correlation of Pitzer et al. for calculating the compressibility factor of pure components has been extended to lower temperatures in the region whereTris from 0.5 to 0.80 andPris from 0 to 9. The compressibility‐factor is expressed linearly in the acentric factorZ=Z(0)+ωZ(1)with values ofZ(0)andZ(1)tabulated in terms ofTrandPr. The generalized correlation has been tested for 21 compounds with a total number of 463 data points. The average deviations in the calculated compressibility factors are 1.63% for the compressed liquids and 0.67% for the g

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690190411

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY