ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690040302

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe rate of absorption of nitrogen peroxide into water at 25° and 40°C. has been found to be a linear function of the concentration of nitrogen tetroxide in the gas phase and directly proportional to the interfacial partial pressure of the same species.The rate of absorption is independent of gas velocity over a range ofReGfrom 170 to 350. The results plotted as absorption rate divided by interfacial partial pressure of nitrogen tetroxide show no effect of liquid rate or contact time between gas and liquid over a tenfold range of contact time from 0.03 to 0.3 sec. This indicates that the rate‐controlling step during nitrogen dioxide absorption into water is the rate of hydrolysis of nitrogen tetroxide.The absorption rate decreases with increasing temperature from 25° to 40°C., owing to the shift of the equilibrium in the gas phase away from the reacting species nitrogen tetroxide toward nitrogen dioxide and owing to the the decreased solubility of nitrogen tetroxide in water. The effect of these factors on absorption more than offsets the effect of the increase in reaction rate and higher diffusivity on absorption at 40°C.The reaction rate constant for the hydrolysis of nitrogen tetroxide has been determined and the solubility of dissolved but unreacted nitrogen tetroxide in equilibrium with gaseous nitrogen tetroxide has been

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690040303

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA reduced‐state viscosity correlation has been constructed from the available data of the inert gases. For the development of this correlation, the fragmentary experimental data for argon were utilized along the lines proposed for thermal conductivities by Owens and Thodos (21) in order to determine the effect of pressure on viscosity. In addition, the only available low‐pressure viscosity data for neon and helium have been incorporated in this correlation to produce for the first time the effect of subatmospheric pressures. This correlation covers the range of pressures included betweenPR= 40 andPR= 0.015 × 10−4and extends up to temperatures ofTR= 100. It has been found that the effect of subatmospheric pressures on viscosity does not become significant above pressures of 1 mm. of mercury. However, at lower pressures, viscosity is found to decrease rapidly, particularly in the regions below absolute pressures of 0.01 mm. of mercury.Viscosities calculated with the reduced state correlation produce an average over‐all deviation of 0.93% for neon, argon, krypton, and xenon. In these comparisons the available viscosity data for the gaseous and liquid states of these substances have been included. Deviations of the same order of magnitude are produced for helium in the gaseous state; however, these deviations become excessive for viscosities of helium in the liquid state.The application of the final reduced state correlation has been extended to a number of diatomic and polyatomic gases and found to apply well to the diatomic ga

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690040304

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe unconventional behavior of equilibrium ratios and convergence pressures is illustrated for close‐boiling systems with activity coefficients exceeding 1 throughout the two‐phase region. Also presented is a correlation to predict convergence pressure, or the critical locus, of nonideal binary syst

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690040305

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe correlation of Kolodzie and Van Winkle (3) for predicting dry plate orifice coefficients through perforated plates originally covering a Reynolds number range of 2000 to 20,000 has been extended to apply to Reynolds numbers as low as 400. The correlation applies to column diameters ranging from 3 to 15 in.

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690040306

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRegular‐solution equations developed by Hildebrand and others are useful for obtaining semiquantitative estimates of phase equilibria in nonpolar systems. These equations, however, do not take into account the volume change on mixing and therefore require modification for solutions of gases in liquids. The required modifications are presented in this paper, and the resulting equations give reasonable estimates of the solubilities of gases and of the temperature coefficient of solubility. In the modified form the regularsolution theory may be used to estimate gas‐liquid phase equilibria at high pressu

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690040307

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInterfacial area is an important variable in mass transfer operations. In liquid‐liquid extraction systems, where interfacial area comprises drop surfaces, the area can be computed if drop sizes are known. This work presents a new correlation which predicts volumes of drops formed from single nozzles to within 20% throughout the range of nozzle flow rates for which uniform drop sizes are obtaine

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690040308

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA periodic pulsation of the frothing mass of liquid and vapor on a sieve tray and a bubblecap tray is reported. An equation is proposed which relates the frequency of the oscillation to the velocity of sound, the physical dimensions of the systems, and the flow rates of the gas and liquid. The equation is a modification of the acoustical analogy to the classical Helmholtz resonance in electrical circuits having both capacitance and inductance. The oscillation is shown to decrease back‐mixing on the tray, and thus to result in an increase in the Murphree vapor efficienc

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690040309

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA method is presented for calculating the shear stress and the rate of heat transfer in external flows for combined laminar forced and free convection. The parameterGr/Re2is of fundamental importance in such problems. Numerical results are reported for the heating and cooling of upward flow past a vertical flat for three Prandtl numbers. It is found that the transition from forced to free convection is gradual, especially at high Prandtl numbers. The inflence of free convection on the separation point is also examined.

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690040310

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper lists various properties of the Poisson distribution and related functions which can be derived from elementary principles without reference to theories of probability or statistics. They are intended for use by persons who may have to deal with Poisson distributed variables but not from a satistical point of view. Limit values and sums of the Poisson distribution, the sums of related functions, and different relations between its sums and integrals are given.Differential and difference equations which lead to solutions in the form of a Poisson distribution are discussed. The general elution equation is derived by setting up the differential‐difference equation for platenin a chromatographic column and showing that the Poisson distribution is a solution to this equation. The complete solution is then obtained by applying the boundary conditions of the proces

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690040311

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY