摘要:

AbstractA ring type finite element model based on the discrete Kirchhoff hypothesis is developed and its feasibility for use in shell analysis is illustrated by determining the linear axisymmetric deformation behaviour of a conical shell loaded by lateral pressure. The displacement field is represented by a linear function of the meridional co‐ordinate. The effects of coupling between bending and extension are included and in this respect the analysis is an extension of earlier work by other investigators using this same model, where bending deformations only were considered. The results of the investigation indicate that the proposed model is capable of accurately described coupled bending and extension effects with a relatively small number of elements. In addition to the numerical results obtained several distinct advantages and disadvantages of this element are brought out. In particular, the element stiffness coefficients can be easily derived because of the simplicity of the assumed vector field. However, it appears that the price paid for such a simple vector field approximation is an undue amount of machine storage, even for a relatively small number of elements. Several suggestions are made for minimizing some of these difficultie

ISSN:0029-5981    

DOI:10.1002/nme.1620050102

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes a very fast numerical method for solving the full dynamical equations governing the motion of the crankshaft and, as an example, the method is used to calculate the effect of clearance tolerance on the performance of a typical bearing. It was found that the minimum film thickness is not greatly affected by the clearance tolerance, suggesting that a fair degree of variation of clearance can be allowed.

ISSN:0029-5981    

DOI:10.1002/nme.1620050103

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA finite difference method for analyzing two‐dimensional steady‐state potential flow in a zoned anisotropic material is described.A triangular mesh is used is as to avoid difficulties often occurring in the more familiar rectangular mesh where fractional mesh spaces exist at irregular boundaries. The system of finite difference equations based on the triangular mesh is assembled in a form such that the coefficient matrix is 3‐cylic and consistently ordered.1, 2This enables the optimum accelerating factor for successive overrelaxation to be closely estimated. Since the rate of convergence to the solution, and consequently the efficiency of the method, increases rapidly as the accelerating factor tends towards its optimum value, close determination of the optimum is important. The method is particularly suitable for problems having large numbers of nodes.Examples of the method on specific problems are given. The solution accuracy is assessed and has been found accep

ISSN:0029-5981    

DOI:10.1002/nme.1620050104

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe finite element method is applied to the solution f seepage problems where both electrokinetic and hydrodynamic forces occur. The resulting system of coupled equations is used to solve both the steady state and transient conditions in a one‐dimensional system and compared with the theoretical result. An analysis is then made of a more complex two‐dimensional problem where the application of electro‐osmosis may be used successfully to prevent p

ISSN:0029-5981    

DOI:10.1002/nme.1620050105

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNumerical calculation of the collapse load of a reinforced concrete plate is considered. Mathematical programming formulations are derived by using finite element representation. The plate is assumed to obey the square yield criteria. It is shown that good lower bound solutions can be obtained on a systematic basis. Upper bound solutions are approximated result of yield‐line theory. An example of the square built‐in plate loaded uniformly is gi

ISSN:0029-5981    

DOI:10.1002/nme.1620050106

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn alternative approach to the usual finite element treatment of steady‐state temperature problems is presented, using approximations for the field of the dual variables.The appropriate extremum principle is established and its minimization is discussed in connection with a plane triangular finite element process. Original heat flow elements are derived: in conjunction with temperature elements, they enable dual analysis of a given structure and an important estimate of the convergence to the true solution by upper and lower bounds to the dissipation function, as illustrated by means of several example

ISSN:0029-5981    

DOI:10.1002/nme.1620050107

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA method of formulating and computing numerically integrated stiffness matrices is presented. Through a better organization of the formulation which is easily achieved by the use of index notation, the computations for integrating and evaluating the element stiffness matrix are substantially reduced. For cases in which the terms of the material property tensor are not functions of position co‐ordinates (elastic isotropic and anisotropic materials), a further reduction in computation is achieved by multiplying the material property‐tensor after the numerical integration has been carried

ISSN:0029-5981    

DOI:10.1002/nme.1620050108

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRelations form the theory of characteristics are used to connect boundary and interior points in the numerical analysis of multidimensional, unsteady gas dynamics.Since specification of all variables on the boundaries does not occur, it is necessary to employ at least some of the differential equations for boundary points. The objective is to avoid the use of non‐central finite differences and the subsequent generation of a pseudo‐boundary layer.Boundaries consisting of a moving shock wave, a solid wall and a surface in a supersonic, downstream region are considered. The numerical procedure for determining variables on boundaries is described in datail for the hypersonic, blunt body prob

ISSN:0029-5981    

DOI:10.1002/nme.1620050109

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLake circulations around island are calculated based on the shallow lake model using the finite element method. Wind stress, bottom friction, Coriolis force and shore line geometry are incorporated in the mathematical model and Lake Erie is used in the computations. A closure condition is derived for the multiply connected region of interest. The discussions are made in the light of accuracy and applicability of the numerical scheme used, and the influence of the circulation pattern due to the presence of islands.

ISSN:0029-5981    

DOI:10.1002/nme.1620050110

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSeveral iterative processes for solving elasto‐plastic problems are discussed in the context of a general formulation which includes:1Associated and non‐associated plasticity relations.2Strain hardening as well as strain softening behaviour.Advantages of the ‘initial stress’ process are emphasized for a wide category of problems and the isoparametric formulation is used thr

ISSN:0029-5981    

DOI:10.1002/nme.1620050111

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY