摘要:

AbstractThere has been a substantial decrease in the prevalence of caries in younger age groups in the western world during the last 15 years. A corresponding increase has been reported regarding use of preventive remedies. Since prevention and control of dental disease is highly dependent upon personal behavior, investigations of dental health behaviors within subgroups of the population are important for future preventive strategies. Occurrence and changes in individual dental health behaviors in Norway were studied through lour sets of cross‐sectional data collected in 1981, 1983, 1985, and 1987. Personal interviews performed by trained interviewers were held with probability samples, each of about 1400 persons, covering the Norwegian population aged 15 and above. During the 6‐yr period the proportion of individuals who brushed their teeth and used fluoride dentifrice every day increased. The number of people who used toothpicks or dental floss every day also increased from 1981 to 1985. A marked decrease was, however, observed in use of interdental remedies from 1985 to 1987. Daily use of dental floss was reduced by 10 percent points. Logistic regression showed that the reduction in the probability of using interdental aids was most pronounced among (hose with few teeth. Lower importance attached to dental health education, at all levels, combined with difficult economic limes since 1987, might account for the decrease in daily use of interdental aids in Nor

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00158.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and behaviour related to dental health of adults living in two neighbouring areas in Belfast, Northern Ireland. XI adults aged 30 yr or over from two neighbouring residential areas in South Belfast completed a structured interview. The responses of those who retained natural teeth were very different from those who were edentulous. Those in the higher socioeconomic stains groups hail clearer knowledge, more positive altitudes and more appropriate behaviour related to dental health than those in lower socioeconomic status groups. The differences between the residents of the two areas were less obvious than those noted between the different socioeconomic status groups. It was concluded that the results revealed misconceptions amongst adults in Northern Ireland regarding the causes of dental disease and how it might be prevented both in themselves and in their children.

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00159.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn order to determine (he validity of dental data obtained from a questionnaire. 100 subjects randomly selected from 2383 respondents were examined clinically. The quality of dental status was ordered in lour groups for the number of mission and replaced teeth and for denture stains. For the number of missing and replaced teeth, the observed agreement between the clinical diagnosis and the questionnaire answers was 65% for both the maxilla and the mandible, and the agreement estimated by Kappa was 0.52. However, the disagreement was not randomly distributed, since reporting of better dental status than the actual one was much more common than reporting of poorer stains. Regarding denture status, the agreement between self‐assessment and clinical diagnosis was good; all removable dentures in situ at the clinical examination were reported by the subjects as some kind of denture, although not always the correct type. The results of the study indicate that the use of self‐assessment might be reasonable when measuring denture status, and (hat self‐assessment of the number of missing and replaced teeth is a biased estimate of the clinical diagnosis. Thus appropriate action should he taken when using (his type of

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00160.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of the paper is to relate standard epidemiologic and statistical methods for measures of disease occurrence to the description of prevalence proportions and incidence rates of dental diseases. No new concepts are introduced but the choice of the unit of analysis of numerator and denominator is discussed, and the biological interpretation of the within‐patient correlation coefficient is discusse

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00161.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA data base containing information on dental caries, oral hygiene, gingival state.Streptococcus mutansand lactobacillus counts, and salivary How rate and buffer capacity in some 2800 4–5‐yr‐old South African children was created in 1984. The children were equally distributed in four groups; rural black, urban black, urban Indian, and urban white. In this study, the data were used for simple linear correlations between all the factors including caries as well as stepwise multiple regression analyses between caries prevalence and the independent factors in each of the four groups. The highest r value obtained in the single correlations was 0.56 for dmfs/lactobacillus count in the while group. The overall pattern of the groups did not vary much. In the stepwise multiple regression analyses, lactobacilli entered first in all groups. V.mutansand oral hygiene interchanged as Nos. 2 and 3, and gingival state or buffer capacity came out as No. 4. The highest percentage of caries variability explained by these regressions was 25% in the urban black group, while the lowest was 12%, in the Indian group. It was concluded that our generally accepted etiologic factors are unsatisfactory to explain variation in caries in observational studies, which among other things might be ascribed to the inadequate way these factors generally are measured or esti

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00162.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe object of the present study was to determine the relationship between the periodontal bone height as determined from the total dentition and that predicted from a limited number of teeth. The material comprised 247 subjects aged 21–60 yr with an average of 26.3 remaining teeth. All patients were radiographically examined by an intra‐oral lull mouth survey. The bone height was measured for each tooth and a mean of all single tooth specific values was calculated for each subject. The relationship between the measured value and the predicted value was expressed in terms of correlation coefficients. The correlation between the measured value and the predicted value improved with increasing number of teeth included in the predictor. It ranged from r = 0.79 (single tooth) to r = 0.98 (four teeth). It was concluded that the number of radiographs exposed and teeth examined can be considerably reduced when estimating the alveolar bone height for periodontal screen

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00163.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrevious epidemiological studies, performed in conjunction with compulsory lung screening examinations, showed good results in detecting oral lesions in Hungary, where the mortality rate of oropharyngeal cancer has increased by more than 30% in the past decade. Oral examinations were performed on a district population sample in Budapest, called regularly for X‐ray lung examinations. Precancerous lesions and conditions were diagnosed and grouped according to internationally accepted criteria. Oral examinations of 7820 individuals were performed: 42.9% in men and 57.1% in women; 42% of all examined subjects were over 60 yr of age. Oral leukoplakia was diagnosed in 104 cases (1.3%). Histologic examination revealed squamous cell carcinoma in one case. About 70% of oral leukoplakias occurred in men and 30% in women. Oral lichen was diagnosed in six cases (0.08%). The prevalence of smokers was 86.5% in the leukoplakia group as compared with 29% in the non‐lesion group. The new organizational screening model seems to function well in the “risk group” of elderly persons, especially in the early diagnosis of oral cancer and precancerous

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00164.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAll dentists and dental therapists employed in the Community Dental Services in Western Australia were invited to participate in a questionnaire study to find out about their use of radiographs and opinions and knowledge about the diagnosis of approximal caries. Replies were received from 45 dentists (95.1%) and 207 dental therapists (84.0%). Most dentists would not restore a lesion before it appeared on radiograph to have reached the dentine, while therapists were more likely to consider a restoration for a lesion just in enamel. Sixty percent of all respondents thought that a cavity was present when the radiographic lesion was confined to enamel. Fifty‐seven percent of dentists thought that an average lesion took at least 12 months to progress from outer enamel to dentine, while a majority of dental therapists thought this would take less than 12 months. Radiographs were not frequently taken by the participants. Operators' opinions about cavity formation were the most important predictor of choice of treatment. In general, these participants' responses were similar to those provided by Norwegian and Dutch respondents in similar surveys conducted 5–6 yr ago, but the present participants worked in an optimally fluoridated area and might therefore have been expected to have adopted more cautious criteria for restorative treatment. Differences between dentists and dental therapists were generally not great. The results suggest that calibration of the operators in the service would offer benef

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00165.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCaries experience of primary teeth in relation to age, sex, ethnic group, socioeconomic status and frequency of consuming sweet snacks and drinks was studied among groups of Tanzanian and Finnish 3–7‐yr‐olds, a total of 11 IK children. In all age groups the Tanzanian children had higher mean dmft scores than Finnish children did. In the Finnish group the mean dmft score was higher at age 7 than at age 3, while in the Tanzanian group no statistically significant difference in dmft scores was found between age groups. In both groups maxillary incisors and molars were the main teeth affected by caries. Frequent consumption of sweet snacks and drinks increased the risk for caries in Tanzanian but not in Finnish children. High socioeconomic status decreased the risk for caries in Finnish children but among Tanzanian children high SES was not associated significantly with the risk of developing caries. According to these results, caries experience in Tanzanian urban nursery school children was significantly higher than in Finnish children of the same age, the differences being especially high among the youngest age g

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00166.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA total of 1400 Saudi Arabian children in age groups 6–12 and 15 yr in private and public schools were examined for dental caries and treatment need in the cities of Jeddah (<0.30 ppm fluoride in drinking water). Rabagh (0.77 ppm F‐) and Mecca (2.47 ppm F‐). The mean dmft in 6‐yr‐olds in private schools in Jeddah was 2.9 compared with 6.3 in public schools (p<0.001). The d component accounted for 65% of the total dmft in private schools and 76% in public schools in Jeddah. The mean dmft values in private and public schools in Rabagh were 1.5 and 2.8 respectively and 2.7 and 2.8 in Mecca; the d component accounted for approximately 65% in all groups. The figures for permanent teeth in 12‐ and 15‐yr‐olds show similar trends with caries levels being the highest in public schools in Jeddah: approximately 60% of the total DMFT was attributable to the D component in both school types in all three cities. Most of the treatment required in all three cities comprised one‐ or two‐surface fillings. The need for treatment was significantly highe

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00167.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY