摘要:

AbstractThe methods used in the international English‐language literature of epidemiologic investigations of oral mucosal conditions were reviewed. Methods used to study leukoplakia, lichen planus, recurrent herpes labialis, recurrent aphthous ulcers, geographic tongue and candidiasis are highlighted. In addition, studies of the full range of pathologies documented in a population were reviewed. The methodologic issues raised by the epidemiologic literature as well as those to be considered for future studies of oral mucosal conditions are presented. Emphasis is placed on study population selection, diagnostic criteria development, type and training of examiners, risk factor assessment and issues related to data collection, analysis and reportin

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRepresentative samples of women in different age groups in Gothenburg, Sweden, were examined by means of panoramic radiography in 1968–69 and in 1980–81. Edentulousness and number of remaining teeth were assessed from the radiographs. Data on socioeconomic conditions, educational background and dental care attendance were obtained from a questionnaire. Cross‐sectional results showed that improvements in dental status had occurred irrespective of socioeconomic conditions and educational levels and that differences between groups had decreased over the 12‐yr period. Dental care attendance was high in all socioeconomic groups, but differences noted in 1968–69 remained i

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe relationship between number of teeth and the prevalence of periodontal disease is an important factor to consider when planning future needs for periodontal care. This is of particular relevance today, when the level of tooth loss is steadily reducing. The aim of the present study was to examine this relationship. Three dependent variables associated with periodontal disease were included in the analysis: 1. The probability of having pockets 4 mm or more. 2. The mean pocket depth for individuals with pockets 4 mm or more. 3. The number of pockets for individuals with pockets 4 mm or more. Age was included in the analysis as a control variable. The study population comprised 2219 individuals in the county of Trøndelag, Norway. The data were analyzed using logistic regression and multiple regression analysis. The probability of having pockets 4 mm or more increased with increasing number of teeth. The average pocket depth decreased with increasing number of teeth. There was no relationship between number of pockets and number of teeth. The increase in the probability of having pockets with a marginal increase in number of teeth was greatest for those aged 53 years and above. It is concluded that this group of people are likely to have the greatest need for periodontal care

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe prevalence of caries and the number and species distribution of salivary mutans streptococci in 356 children (aged 0–2 yr old) in Japan were examined twice at an interval of 1 yr. No mutans streptococci were isolated from the predentate children. The detection rate of mutans streptococci and the prevalence of caries increased with age. Mutans streptococci were isolated from 39.9% of the subjects. The majority of isolates were identified asStreptococcoccus mutans.The concentration of mutans streptococci correlated with the number of erupted teeth (r = 0.339). In addition, the concentration of mutans streptococci was more closely correlated to the caries prevalence of the next year (r = 0.465) than that of the year when the salivary concentration of mutans streptococci was first evaluated (r = 0.368). The children who had no caries but harbored mutans streptococci in the first year showed significantly higher caries prevalence in the next year than did the children with neither caries nor mutans streptococci. These results indicate that the establishment of mutans streptococci is associated with caries initiation in early childhoo

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA questionnaire survey on health complaints experienced by personnel in public dentistry was undertaken in 1979 and repealed in 1988/89. The reply rates were about 80% and 83%. In both surveys, about one half of the personnel reported occupation‐related health complaints, a majority of which were dermatoses of hands and fingers. The dermatoses were attributed to seasonal air quality problems, or to contact with chemically active substances relevant to hygienic measures, treatment patterns, or other activities connected with the running of a dental clinic. The majority of the dermatoses were probably irritative. Some presumably hypersensitivity reactions occurred after handling of dental materials. Latex gloves, which were in general use only at the time of the last survey, seemed to have prevented some dermatoses formerly attributed to handwashing procedures. However, latex gloves per se had also induced dermatoses. Non‐dermatological ailments of a transient nature comprised eye, respiratory, or systemic reactions and were connected with volatiles from X‐ray liquids, methylmethacrylate monomer, and disinfectants. Adverse patient reactions occurred at a frequency of about one per 2600 treated patients. The observations comprised skin reactions (head/face), gingival/mucosal ulcerations, and sometimes systemic/urticarial reactions. The reactions were associated with the use of local anesthetics, orthodontic appliances, and other biomaterials. Two reactions were related to contact with the dentists' latex g

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00132.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was 1) to show the epidemiological status of oral leukoplakia in a selected population of 3131 Japanese (504 women, 2627 men, aged 18–63 yr, mean age 35.9 yr), and 2) to estimate of the validity of the diagnosis of oral leukoplakia by general practitioners. Seventy‐seven individuals were detected as having leukoplakia, a prevalence of 2.5%; 2.7% and 1.0% for men and women, respectively, a difference that is statistically significant (P<0.001). The percentage of smokers was 75.3% for patients with leukoplakia and 47.8% for individuals detected as not having leukoplakia, a difference which is statistically significant (P<0.001). Of 77 leukoplakia patients, 37 cases (48.1%) received a clinically confirmed diagnosis and 27 patients were diagnosed in further examination as having leukoplakia. These results can also be expressed by a positive predictive value of 0.73 and a false positive ratio of 0.27 for the diagnosis of leukoplakia in the primary mass screening by general practitioners. The results of this study suggest that in order to carry out an efficient oral health program in Japan, the objects for mass screening for leukoplakia might be better limited to men over 30 and women over 40 yr of

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00133.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA group of 483 men, all of whom were 68 or 69 yr old and had lived for a long time in the city of Malmö were examined with regard to number of teeth present, removable dentures, fixed bridges, and tooth spaces. 76.4% had one or more natural teeth remaining, 59.2% had removable dentures, and 0.2% were edentulous and without dentures. The mean number of teeth present in a fixed dentition calculated on dentate subjects was 16.21 ± 8.02, including teeth replaced by pontics and 15.0 ± 7.44 when natural teeth only were recorded. The number of bridges was high, 28.8% of natural dentate persons having bridgework. This cohort had fewer remaining teeth than in similar groups in other areas of Sweden, but more fixed bridges. 19.5% had open tooth spaces corresponding to one or more teeth in the visible parts of the dental arches. The availability of dentistry has been extremely good in Malmö and financial support for all types of dental care has been provided for all inhabitants since 1974. In spite of this, a low number of remaining teeth and many untreated tooth spaces in visible part of the dental arches were found, though on the other hand much fixed bridgework was found. It appears from the present study that the population tends to polarize into two groups, namely one group which takes advantage of the dental services and one which does

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00134.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAs oral health is especially important for physically, mentally and socially handicapped old people, the aim of this study was to investigate the dental services provided for people living in municipal old people's homes in Finland. The study involved all the 431 municipal old people's homes in Finland in 1989. The directors of the old people's homes were asked to fill in a questionnaire. The response rate was 99.5%. The study showed that the dental services provided for the elderly vary greatly in different old people's homes. As a whole, however, dental care arrangements are inadequate: oral examinations on admission are performed always in 11% and never in 47% of the old people's homes, and oral examinations for residents are carried out annually in 23% and never in 21%. In 56% of the homes the need for treatment comes to light only when the old people themselves complain about a dental problem. Comprehensive dental care is available in 16% of the homes. One notable feature is that, although all the homes are publicly owned, the system of charging for the dental care of the elderly varies considerably between different homes. Comparing the results of this study with those from earlier investigations shows that, although there has been some progress in dental service arrangements in the 1980s, the oral care provided for these old people is still far from satisfactory. It is obvious that the value of oral health as an important component of human well‐being is not yet widely recognized. To rectify the situation uniform regulations governing dental services for the elderly in institutions are required for the whole of the countr

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00135.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDuring the last decade, many studies in Europe and North America have evaluated oral conditions and dental needs in the elderly. Similar information does not exist in Brazil. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral health and disease in elderly persons living in an institution in the city of Piracicaba, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Of 350 elderly persons, 134 males and 136 females were interviewed and clinically examined. Less than one half had healthy mouths. 58.9% of the examined individuals showed one or more lesions in the oral mucosa, the most frequent being denture‐induced stomatitis (20.0%). Fibrous hyperplasias (11.8%) and angular cheilitis (9.3%) were fairly common. Gender, use and degree of hygiene of the denture were factors statistically significantly contributing to prevalence of denture stomatitis. Precancerous lesions such as leukoplakia (3.0%), actinic cheilitis (2.6%) were uncommon but three cases of squamous carcinoma (1.1%) were revealed. This study emphasizes the need for regular oral examinations of the elderly by personnel trained in oral diagnosi

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00136.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00137.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY