摘要:

AbstractThe methods of paired comparisons and direct ranking were applied to the study of the relative severity of three dental problems and nine problems concerning general health, material affairs, and psychologic well‐being. Subjects (n= 51) were men and women, psychology freshmen. Direct ranking and paired comparison resulted in highly comparable overall orderings of the 12 problems. It appeared that all subjects were consistent in their comparative pairwise choices. Agreement between judges was statistically significant also, but the results indicated large individual differences. Subjects judge the severity of the three dental problems to be less than the severity of the other problems. There were no significant differences between the judged severity of the three dental problems among themselves. In the discussion several possibilities for future research are mentione

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1986.tb01498.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn an attempt to establish the relationships between dental anxiety and personality traits, such as neuroticism and locus of control, a survey has been carried out among 30‐40‐yr‐olds in a Dutch town. In the first instance, the questionnaires comprising the psychologic items were treated by Non‐Metric Principal Components analysis to detect the underlying structure. The principal components found were then used in a second‐stage analysis. The results appear to be at variance with the literature, i.e. subgroups discernible in the sample by sets of psychologic features were not associated with dental anxiety c

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1986.tb01499.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTreatment needs for caries, periodontal disease and dentures were assessed in 194 handicapped persons attending three institutions for the handicapped in Cork, Ireland. Criteria and methods of assessment used were those employed in the recently completed National Survey of Childrens' Dental Health in Ireland, which were based on (WHO) Oral Health Surveys ‐ Basic Methods. The need for extractions and complicated restorations was highest in older patients, whilst the removal of sub‐ and supragingival calculus was the most common periodontal treatment need. Treatment was completed for 130 patients by final year dental undergraduates or junior hospital staff (primary care), while the remaining 64 were treated by consultant staff (secondary ca

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1986.tb01500.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes the development of a multidimensional, 38‐item measure of job satisfaction appropriate for dentists, dental hygienists, and dental assistants. Items were grouped into the following 12 subscales: income, recognition, opportunity to develop professionally, time to develop professionally, responsibility, non‐patient tasks, staff relations, quality of care, leisure time, fatigue, time pressure and general satisfaction. The measure was developed from a set of 45 items included in questionnaires administered to dentists and staff of 126 dental practices in Washington State, USA. Questionnaires were returned by 117, 121 and 106 dentists; 69, 80, and 82 hygienists; and 322, 329, and 320 assistants, respectively, in each of the 3 yr (1979, 1980, 1981). Factor analysis (principal components analysis with varimax rotation) plus categorization of items by a panel of professionals were used to initially group items into subscales. Contribution to internal consistency was the final criterion for an item's inclusion in a subscale. Internal consistency reliability of subscales ranged from 0.68 to 0.95. Statistically significant relationships were found between individual job satisfaction subscales and intent to change job for hygienists and assista

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1986.tb01501.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDisadvantages of Helkimo's Clinical Dysfunction Index have led to the introduction of a palpation test of 20 sites for grading the severity of dysfunction of the stomatognathic system. The reproducibility of this palpation test was studied using two experienced dentists and two first grade dental students to examine the subjects. Measurements of maximal mouth opening were carried out for comparison. The intra‐ and interexaminer reproducibility was found to be satisfactory for both the dentists and the students, showing that for this test good training is as important as clinical experience. The palpation test has the advantage that it is fast (60 s) and is an interval scale, which is especially important for epidemiologic and correlational studie

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1986.tb01502.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCriteria for scoring the caries attack on each surface of an affected primary tooth are described. The score for each carious surface ranges from 1 to 3. The score per tooth is a sum of the surface scores. The caries severity index (csi) is the mean of the scores of all carious teeth in the population examined. Three groups of children aged 5–6.5 yr were examined. In Jerusalem, with a water fluoride concentration of 0.4 ppm, 54 children had a csi of 2.99 and a defs of 10.19. In a semi‐rural African town, Soshanguva, with a 0.2 ppm fluoride concentration, 103 children had a csi of 3.10 and a defs of 5.75. In a nearby rural African area with a water fluoride concentration well above the optimum, 86 children had a csi of 1.93 and a defs of 1.99. Interexaminer and intraexaminer reproducibility of the csi were good. The csi expresses the severity of the caries attack on affected teeth and gives additional information to that of the def indi

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1986.tb01503.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA number of technical and methodologic factors govern the quality of the radiographic image. The purpose of the present paper is to analyze the attention paid to these factors in epidemiologic studies and clinical trials. The description of radiographic methods in a sample of scientific reports was reviewed. It is concluded that the descriptions arc generally sparse. They seem to be of an erratic character, and the data described are not selected according to their significance. Factors governing object coverage, image density and contrast, image geometry, and readability are discussed in relation to the descriptions analyzed. Recommendations for relevant and informative descriptions enabling the reader to evaluate and control the results of an investigation are presented.

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1986.tb01504.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt is commonly believed that the prevalence of dental caries in developing countries is increasing, though in Kenya and Tanzania there is insufficient information to confirm such trends. In order to test the hypothesis, therefore, 762 children in Dar es Salaam and 802 children in Nairobi aged 12 yr in 1984 were examined for dental caries as part of a baseline study to monitor changes of prevalence with time. Dental caries was recorded by surfaces using the criteria recommended by the WHO and examinations were performed by standardized examiners. The mean DMFT in Dar es Salaam of 0.67 (SD 1.20) was significantly higher than that for Nairobi, 0.51 (SD 1.23). No differences were found in the mean DMFS index. Nairobi children had a greater number of filled teeth and surfaces. Although a greater proportion of children were caries‐free in Nairobi than in Dar es Salaam, amongst those with caries, Nairobi children had significantly higher DMFS scores, and a greater proportion with DMFS>4. The possible reasons for such findings are discussed. The mean DMFT and DMFS reported here are amongst the lowest reported in the recent literature from both countrie

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1986.tb01505.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this report on the findings of a baseline study designed to monitor changes in the prevalence of dental caries in 12‐yr‐old children in Dar es Salaam and Nairobi, the details relating to the pattern of carious attack on particular tooth and surface types are described. In both populations molars accounted for over 90% of all affected teeth and in both groups first molars were more affected than second molars. Very few anterior teeth were affected in either population, though caries of the incisors and canines accounted for a greater proportion of affected teeth in Nairobi (3.4%) than in Dar es Salaam (0.6%). Significantly more mandibular first and second molars were affected in Dar es Salaam than in Nairobi, though in Nairobi the maxillary first molars were more affected than in Dar es Salaam. Occlusal surfaces were the most common site for caries in both populations. With the exception of buccal surfaces, smooth surface caries tended to be higher in Nairobi than in Dar es Salaam. Dar es Salaam children had, however, a significantly higher mean DPS score for occlusal surfaces. The preponderance of occlusal caries indicates that relatively simple restorative care is required to meet the needs of the two populations, and it is suggested that such care could be largely provided by auxiliary dental person

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1986.tb01506.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe compared DM FT (decayed, missing and filled teeth) values of young adult populations (about 18‐ to 21 yr old) obtained over two decades in five industrialized countries (Denmark, Finland, Israel, Japan, U.S.A.). Trends of the active disease factor (D) and treatment factor (F) within and between these countries during two decades were also compared. No uniform trend in caries prevalence data, based on total DMFT scores, was found. In some countries DMFT scores declined (Denmark, U.S.A.), in some they remained relatively static (Finland), and in some they increased during the last 20 yr (Israel, Japan). However, DMFT scores did not always correlate with untreated lesions, D, which decreased remarkably in Denmark and Finland and moderately in the U.S.A., remained stable in Japan, but increased in Israel. Similarly, treatment of caries, F, varied in different countries, increasing dramatically in Finland and Japan and moderately in Israel, remaining static in Denmark, and decreasing in the U.S.A. These trends appear to be influenced largely by the extent of caries‐preventive measures (particularly fluorides) in the respective countries, and to a lesser degree by sugar utilization and the availability of dental personnel. This age population has not been studied in a comparative fashion previously. This study also emphasizes the importance of looking not only at DMFT scores but at the trends in meeting treatment needs, D vs F sco

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1986.tb01507.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY