摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of the present paper was to establish and evaluate a causal model on the use of dental services in Norwegian old‐age pensioners living at home. Data were derived from the Health Survey of 1975. The independent variables sex, age, education and dental status were dichotomized and arranged in this assumed temporal sequence. The dependent variable was also dichotomized into use versus non‐use of dental sen‐ices last year. The analysis started with the bivariate percentage table for sex and use, and then proceeded stepwise by adding one by one of the independent variables in the order of their lime sequence. In this way the statistical relationship between an independent and the dependent variable was decomposed into direct, indirect and spurious effects. Dental status was the most influential determinant of use of services, having the greatest direct effect (0.40) and mediating indirect effect of the prior variables. Education came second with a direct effect of 0.18 and an indirect effect (0.11) by affecting dental status. There were only negligible differences in use rates between the age groups (0.05). The greater part of the direct effect of sex (0.11) was limited to dentate persons aged 65–74 with low education. Both age and sex affected use of services indirectly through dental status (0.09 and –0.04, re

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00373.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCurrent WHO methods were employed to estimate the prevalence of oral pathology, dentofacial anomalies, periodontal disease, caries and prosthetic status as well as treatment needs in Tuvalu, a newly emergent nation in the South Pacific. Fluorosis was endemic but other disorders of teeth, mucosa or bone were extremely rare and the presence of dentofacial anomalies was very low. Periodontal disease was “moderate” at 15 years of age but seemed to be a predisposing factor in caries from the late teens onward. Comparison with a survey 8 years previously indicated that caries rates had risen from “very low” to “low” at 12 years of age but treatment services had improved markedly. More than half of persons in the 55–64 year age group required full maxillary and mandibular dentures whilst 10% already p

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00374.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this paper, the caries prevalence of groups of 8‐year‐old children in Umea, Sweden, examined in 1967, 1971, 1975 and 1979 is described. A reduction of caries of 45%in the permanent teeth and 54% in the primary teeth is shown between 1967 and 1979. During the same period there has been a gradual extension of dental care for children and adolescents, and there has been an increasing emphasis on preventive dentistry. The reduction in caries docs not, however, continue at the same rapid rate. Further preventive efforts therefore ought to be focused on those individuals with the highest caries indi

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00375.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the degree of fluorosis in the primary dentition and the accompanying caries patterns in groups of preschool‐children in high and low fluoride areas. Among 331 coloured children, aged 1 ‐5 years, living in an area with water F concentrations ranging from 2.2 to 4.1 parts/106, 82% were caries free and the dmft values ranged from 0 to 15 with a mean dmft of 0.8 ± 2.1. Varying degrees of fluorosis in the primary teeth were present in 50.6% of the children. In 177 coloured children of similar ages from an adjacent area with 0.2 parts/106F in the drinking water the dmft values ranged from 0 to 20 with a mean dmft of 5.4 ± 5.8. Only 28% of the children were caries free. None of the children in this area had fluorosis. The caries prevalence was significantly higher in the low fluoride area than in the high fluoride area. The degree of fluorosis found in the primary dentition in the children from the high fluoride area was higher than had been anticipated and was accompanied by a very low caries preva

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00376.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study is an analysis of the findings in an epidemiologic investigation covering a random sample of 600 individuals aged 20–70 years resident in the city of Jönköping, Sweden. The frequency distribution of individuals according to severity of periodontal disease was determined. The analysis was based on clinical registration of gingivitis, pocket depths and qualitative and quantitative changes of the alveolar bone in a full mouth intraoral survey. In the age groups 20 and 30 years, 96% and 85 % of the individuals, respectively, had healthy periodontal tissues or were grouped as having gingivitis without signs of lowering of the periodontal bone level. In the age groups 40, 50 and 70 years none of the subjects was free from signs of gingivitis/periodontitis but, as for all age groups, strikingly few cases (at most 8%) of severe destructive periodontitis were found. The need for periodontal treatment is discussed as well as the role of specific etiologic agents in the development of destructive periodontal dise

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00377.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe periodontal condition of a cross‐section of individuals aged between 15–59 years was characterised from clinical and radiographic observations of dental calculus, gingival inflammation, the level of the gingival attachment, alveolar bone loss, teeth missing or requiring extraction for periodontal reasons. The common characteristics of the profile in Tonga and W. Samoa were a high prevalence of the factors common to periodontal disease: calculus and gingival inflammation; a progressive apical movement of the gingival attachment; and alveolar bone Joss. All these criteria showed a positive age dependency with calculus (particularly subgingival calculus) and gingival inflammation being very commonly associated with all tooth types at an early age, less than 30 years. Tooth loss observed was presumed to be previously associated with periodontal disease because the prevalence of dental caries was very low in both populations. Substantial differences were observed in the number of missing teeth between Tongan and Samoan populations, the Tongan subjects having a high rate of tooth loss. From radiographic interpretations of the periodontal conditions fewer subjects in Tonga were assessed as having no disease, and there was a higher prevalence of progressive destructive disease in Tonga than in W. Samoa. The proportion of subjects in both countries with no disease decreased rapidly with age. There was no evident explanation of the greater severity of disease in Tonga than in W. Samoa. The prevalence of microbial plaque, calculus and gingival inflammation was very high in all subjects at all ages particularly over 30 years in both populati

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00378.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDental study casts of 1530 Israeli rural children aged 3–13 years, evenly represented by the sexes, were examined for submersion of their primary molars. 24.8% of the children had one or more of these teeth affected. Out of 8250 teeth at risk, 8.81 % were submerged to various degrees Over 50% of them were primary mandibular first molars, close to 26% were primary mandibular second molars. The number of affected teeth rose with age in both sexes. Sex differences were significant only at 5–7 years, when girls were more frequently affected. Children with one or two affected teeth predominated. The submerged teeth were predominantly located in one or in boil quadrants of the same arch. The degree of submersion became more severe with

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00379.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUndergraduate students (n= 451) at a Finnish university were studied. For analysis, the subjects were divided into two birth cohorts: those born before 1955, and those born in that year or later. Information about previous orthodontic appliance therapy was obtained from the students by using a structured questionnaire. Missing permanent teeth (second and third molars excluded) were recorded at a dental examination. Every 10th student had received orthodontic treatment; the proportion of orthodontically treated subjects was higher for females (14%) than for males (5%). Seven percent of students born in 1954 or earlier and 15% of the younger students had had orthodontic treatment before 1977. In 39% of subjects, at least one permanent tooth was missing while only 12% had lost more than two permanent teeth. The tooth missing most often was the permanent mandibular first molar (in 23 % of subjects). Frequency of tooth loss was the same in males and females. At least one permanent tooth was missing in 48% of the older and in 31 % of the younger students. At least one first molar had been lost by 36 % of the older students and 20% of the younger ones. Fewer first molars but more permanent teeth anterior to the first molars were missing in subjects who had had orthodontic, treatment than in subjects who had not had such treatment. Among Finnish students the frequency of extractions of permanent teeth because of caries is decreasing, and the frequency of orthodontic treatment is increasing. Females are more likely to seek orthodontic treatment than males are.

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00380.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe prevalence of geographic and plicated tongue among 6090 Iraqi schoolchildren was determined according to age and sex. Geographic tongue was observed in 4.3% of the population and plicated tongue in 2.6%. Significant sex difference was found only in children with plicated tongue. The prevalence rates varied irregularly with age in both sexes for both tongue anomalies and although significant differences were found between the ages, a steady increase or decrease was not clear, which could be due to the short span of age used in this investigation. The only significant association found was between geographic and plicated tongue in males, which may indicate a genetic linkage between the two conditions.

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00381.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assemble up‐to‐date information regarding oral hygiene status among Israeli kibbutz adolescents 14–17 years of age. The oral hygiene status of 465 teenagers in 10 kibbutzim was determined. The findings indicate a relatively better oral cleanliness as compared with past results reported in Israel for similar age groups. It was suggested that the nature and structure of the kibbutz way of life, family and peers strongly influences kibbutz teenagers' oral hygiene prac

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00382.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY